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Biology Semester 1 Final (Review)

Total questions: 125

Worksheet time: 2hrs 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What charge does a neutron have?
a)
positive
b)
negative
c)
no charge
d)
neutral
2.
Where are protons located in the atom?
a)
orbitals
b)
nucleus
c)
rings
d)
positive
3.
Where are electrons located in the atom?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Shells/orbitals
c)
rings
d)
center
4.
Where are neutrons located in the atom?
a)
shells/orbitals
b)
rings
c)
center
d)
nucleus
5.
all matter is made of what 
a)
energy 
b)
atoms 
c)
electrons 
d)
compounds 
6.
In an atom, what is the number of protons equal to?
a)
The number of electrons.
b)
The number of neutrons.
c)
The number of molecules.
d)
The number of nuclei.
7.
Which two particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
a)
Protons and Electrons
b)
Protons and Neutrons
c)
Molecules and Compounds
d)
Neutrons and Electrons
8.
What is the role of an electron in an atom?
a)
Electrons live inside the nucleus and carry a neutral charge.
b)
Electrons circle the nucleus and have a positive charge.
c)
Electrons circle the nucleus and have a negative charge.
d)
Electrons live inside the nucleus and have a negative charge.
9.
Which of the following determines the type of element that an atom makes?
a)
The size of the nucleus.
b)
The number of protons.
c)
How much the atom weighs.
d)
The number of neutrons.
10.
What forms when two atoms combine?
a)
A molecule.
b)
A nucleus.
c)
A proton.
d)
An electron.
11.
A proton is a _____ charged particle.
a)
Negatively
b)
Positively
12.
An electron is a _____ charged particle.
a)
Positively
b)
Negatively
13.

What is a compound?

a)

The center of an atom that is formed by neutrons, protons, and electrons.

b)

A tiny particle that makes up all matter.

c)

A molecule that is formed from two or more different types atoms.

d)

A molecules that is formed from the same type of atoms.

14.
A(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.
a)
Base
b)
Acid
c)
Buffer
d)
Water
15.
What is the only substance with a neutral pH of 7?
a)
Milk
b)
Orange Juice
c)
Water
d)
Blood
16.
Water is essential for life. Its special properties make water the single most important molecule in plant life. Which of the following properties of water enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?
a)
Water expands as it freezes.
b)
Water is an excellent solvent.
c)
Water exhibits cohesive behavior.
d)
Water is able to moderate temperature.
17.
Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?
a)
 Ice is colder than liquid water.
b)
Ice is less dense than liquid water.
c)
Ice is more dense than liquid water.
d)
Ice is warmer than liquid water.
18.
A florist places a bouquet of white carnations in water containing blue dye. After a time, the flowers turn blue. What process helped the carnations to change color?
a)
Specific heat 
b)
Surface tension
c)
Cohesion and adhesion of water molecules 
d)
Formation of covalent bonds between hydrogen and oxygen molecules
19.
 Many fish and aquatic plants can survive a cold winter because the layer of ice that forms at the top of the lake insulates the water below and prevents the lake from freezing solid. What unique property of water contributes to this effect? 
a)
Water absorbs heat when it evaporates and forms a gas 
b)
 Water expands and becomes less dense when it freezes.
c)
Water molecules completely separate into ions in solutions.
d)
 Water forms hydrogen bonds with ions and other polar substances. 
20.
What two elements make up water?
a)
Helium and oxygen
b)
Hydrogen and oxygen
c)
helium and carbon
d)
oxygen and carbon
21.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
22.
A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7
a)
Acid
b)
Alkaline
c)
Base
d)
Buffer
23.
Surface tension is caused by ...
a)
strong cohesion between water molecules
b)
strong adhesion between the water molecules
c)
condensation
d)
water cycle
24.

The hydrogen atoms in a water molecule are ________________ charged.

a)

not

b)

negatively

c)

neutrally

d)

positively

25.

Water drops being attracted to each other is an example of ____________.

a)

capillary action

b)

adhesion

c)

specific heat index

d)

cohesion

26.

A paperclip floating on water is an example of what property of water?

a)

capillary action

b)

surface tension

c)

universal solvent

d)

specific heat index

27.

What molecule is this?

a)

calcium

b)

hydrogen

c)

helium

d)

water

28.

Which term refers to water having a slightly positive and a slighty negative charge on its ends?

a)

cohesion

b)

surface tension

c)

polar

d)

adhesion

29.

Why does ice float?

a)

As water freezes, the molecules spread out decreasing its density.

b)

As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.

c)

As water freezes, air gets trapped making it more dense

d)

As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to be more dense

30.

Water is a universal solvent because it...

a)

It can be found anywhere

b)

It freezes when it gets cold

c)

Floats when frozen

d)

Dissolves more substances than anything else

31.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to dissolve in water?

a)

nonpolar fats and oils

b)

polar sugar molecules

c)

salt made of a positive sodium ion and a negative chloride ion

d)

all of the substances will dissolve easily in water

32.

Why does water move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

a)

Water is pushed by solutes

b)

Capillary action pulls the water molecules up like a chain

c)

Water is pulled by gravity

d)

Water cannot move up roots to leaves

33.

Water is considered to be_________________.

a)

Polar

b)

Non-Polar

c)

Both A and B

d)

None of the Above

34.
Where does the energy from our food originally come from?
a)
the Sun
b)
chemical reactions
c)
carbohydrates
d)
mitochondria
35.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in your body?
a)
Speed up chemical reactions.
b)
Give immediate energy.
c)
Help to store energy.
d)
Build cell walls in plants.
36.
Which of the following contains the genetic code for protein synthesis?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
37.
What type of macromolecule is being represented in this image? 
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
38.
What are the building blocks of proteins?
a)
amino acid
b)
fatty acid
c)
nucleotide
d)
lipid
39.
What are the single sugars that are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
a)
monosaccharides
b)
disaccharides
c)
polysaccharides
d)
amino acid
40.
Is found in the cell membrane as a bilayer. 
a)
lipids
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
41.
Which major macromolecule is being represented in this image? 
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
42.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
43.
The element _______is found in all of the organic compounds.
a)
Iron
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Oxygen
44.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
45.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
46.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
47.
The organic compounds that have many structural purposes and are used in many processes within the
cell are called ____________________.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
48.
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Lipid
d)
Nucleic Acid
49.
Carbohydrates are made of... 
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
50.
Lipids are made of... 
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
51.
Proteins are made of... 
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
52.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
53.

Which macromolecule is shown?

a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

nucleic acid

d)

carbohydrate

54.
A phospholipid has 2 parts. What are they called? 
a)
Hydrophilic Head, Hydrophobic Tail 
b)
Hydrophobic Head, Hydrophilic Tail 
55.
Describes the arrangement of the cell membrane as bendable and made of many parts. 
a)
The Fluid Mosaic Model 
b)
The Major Mobility Model 
c)
The Crazy Cell Model
d)
The Maze Model
56.
___________ allow cells to recognize each other and act like ID tags. 
a)
Carbohydrates 
b)
Proteins
c)
Phospholipids 
d)
Cholesterol
57.
___________ strengthens and stabilizes the cell membrane.
a)
Carbohydrates 
b)
Proteins 
c)
Phospholipids 
d)
Cholesterol
58.
Something is ___________ ____________
when some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot. 
a)
Selectively (or Semi) Permeable 
b)
Totally Transparent
c)
Liquid Licorice 
d)
Heavily Patrolled 
59.
This cellular structure helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells.
a)
vacuole
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
60.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
61.
What are two types of passive transport?
a)
endo and exocytosis 
b)
in a minute and later
c)
hydrophobic and hydrophillic 
d)
osmosis and diffusion
62.
What is this image?
a)
cell membrane
b)
mitochondria
c)
golgi apparatus
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
63.
When something is 'water fearing' it is....
a)
Hydrophobic
b)
Hydrophilic 
c)
Hydroelectric 
d)
Hydrochloric
64.
The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means...
a)
All materials can enter and leave the cell
b)
Certain things can enter while others cannot
c)
The cell manually sorts through all materials
d)
Only certain cells can interact with the cell.
65.
Which part of this phospholipid is hydrophobic?
a)
fatty lipid tails
b)
head
c)
all of it is hydrophobic
d)
none of it is hydrophobic
66.

Using the figure, between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?

a)
A and B
b)
B and C
c)
C and D
67.
Energy is released from ATP when _______________________.

a)
a phosphate group is added
b)
adenine bonds to ribose
c)
a phosphate group is removed
d)
ATP is exposed to sunlight
68.
Which of the following can be compared to a battery in need of recharging?  (empty wallet)
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Ribose
d)
Adenosine
69.
What type of energy is glucose?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
lipid
70.
What are the products of photosynthesis? 
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
71.
Plants need carbon dioxide from their environment to produce glucose during which stage of photosynthesis? 
a)
The light-dependent stage
b)
The light-independent stage
c)
The electron transport chain
d)
ATP formation
72.
What molecule absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?
a)
chloroplast
b)
thylakoid
c)
grana
d)
chlorophyll
73.
The interaction of sunlight, chlorophyll pigment and water create ______________________.
a)
low-energy electrons
b)
high-energy electrons
c)
photons
d)
wavelengths
74.
Another name for the light-independent stage is the _____________________.
a)
water cycle
b)
rock cycle
c)
Calvin cycle
d)
reproductive cycle
75.
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur? 
a)
thylakoid 
b)
stroma
c)
mesophyll
d)
mitochondria
76.
Photosynthesis takes place inside of plant ______________________.
a)
membranes
b)
stems
c)
roots
d)
flowers
77.
The organelle inside every plant cell where photosynthesis takes place is called _________________.
a)
stroma
b)
mitochondria
c)
thylakoid
d)
chloroplast
78.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
carbon dioxide + water --> oxygen + glucose
b)
carbon dioxide + glucose + water --> oxygen
c)
oxygen + water --> carbon dioxide + glucose
d)
glucose+ oxygen ---> water + carbon dioxide
79.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
Carbon dioxide and water
b)
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
c)
Glucose and oxygen
d)
Glucose and water
80.
Which organelle does photosynthesis take place in?
a)
Mitochondrion
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Nucleus
81.
Which term is the part of photosynthesis which uses ATP from the first stage in order to produce glucose? Hint:  Occurs in the stroma!
a)
light- independent reactions
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
thermal reactions
82.
The process of converting sunlight energy into chemical energy stored in a molecule is called
a)
Cellular respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Carbon dioxide
83.

This is given off by plants during photosynthesis as a waste product.

a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Water
c)
Oxygen
d)
Mitochondria
84.
Photosythesis happens in a cell's 
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Nucleus
d)
Cell Wall
85.

Which plant structure transforms light into glucose?

a)

Chromoplasts

b)

Leukoplasts

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Neuroplasts

86.
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from external sources are called
a)
autotrophs
b)
heterotrophs
c)
thylakoids
d)
plants
87.
What is an autotroph?
a)
an organism that can make their own food. 
b)
an organism that cannot make their own food
c)
Herbivore
d)
Omnivore
88.

What chemical pigment absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?

a)

basophyll

b)

dynophyll

c)

grassophyll

d)
chlorophyll
89.

Which structure in the figure above represents a single thylakoid?

a)

Structure A

b)

Structure B

c)

Structure C

d)

Structure D

90.

If carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant's production of high-energy sugars?

a)

More sugars will be produced.

b)

The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide.

c)

No sugars will be produced.

d)

Fewer sugars will be produced at first, but then the plant will recover.

91.

Which chemical is an electron carrier molecule?

a)

NADP+

b)

H2O

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

oxygen

92.

What two energy molecules are made by the light reaction? Select both answers.

a)

NADPH

b)

glucose

c)

ATP

d)

oxygen gas

93.

Which molecule supplies chlorophyll with electrons

a)

sun

b)

water

c)

oxygen gas

d)

NADPH

94.

What is the name of a stack of thylakoids?

a)

stroma

b)

chromoplast

c)

granum

d)

choloroplast 

95.

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are the same in that they both...

a)

are green in color.

b)

are found in plant and animal cells.

c)

have a liquid stroma.

d)

produce energy.

96.

Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions?

a)

Oxygen

b)

NADPH

c)

ATP

d)

Glucose (Sugar)

97.

The light reactions (those that need light to operate) are located in the...

a)

Chloroplast double membrane.

b)

Stroma

c)

Stomata

d)

Thylakoid membranes

98.

The opening under a leave that allow CO2 to enter are called...

a)

stroma

b)

stages

c)

spines

d)

stomata

99.

What is the name of an organism that is capable of making their own food?

a)

Photosynthetic Autotroph

b)

Photosynthetic Heterotroph

c)

Eukaryotic Organism

d)

Only Plants can make their own food from light energy

100.

Plants need carbon dioxide from their environment to produce glucose during which stage of photosynthesis?

a)

The light-dependent reaction

b)

The light-independent reaction

c)

The electron transport chain

d)

ATP formation

101.

What are the 2 products shown in this diagram? (select 2 correct)

a)

production of carbon dioxide

b)

production of oxygen gas

c)

production of sugar

d)

production of water

102.

Which is the correct formula for photosynthesis?

a)

6CO2 + 12H2O --->C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

b)

12CO2 + 12H2O --->C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

c)

6CO2 + 6H2O --->C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

d)

CO2 + H2O --->6C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

103.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + Sugar
b)
CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Sugar
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ Sugar
104.
What is photosynthesis?
a)
The process in which humans eat their food
b)
When a photographer takes a photo.
c)
To get your pictures from the photo lab.
d)
The process in which plants make their food.
105.
Which of the following structure is where cellular respiration occurs in the cell?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuoles
106.
The main source of energy for all life comes from ____.
a)
the Earth
b)
the moon
c)
the sun
d)
the food we eat/make
107.

This is the chemical formula for a molecule of...

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Glucose

d)

Water

108.
By what process does glycolysis continue in the absence of oxygen?
a)
Transpiration
b)
Fermentation
c)
Phosphorylation
d)
Pigmentation
109.
How many molecules of ATP are made from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration?
a)
2 ATP
b)
32-34 ATP
c)
36-38 ATP
d)
4 ATP
110.
Which of the following gases is released during cellular respiration?
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Oxygen
c)
Water vapor
d)
Hydrogen
111.
What are the reactants of aerobic respiration?
a)
6CO2 and C6H12O6
b)
C6H12O6 and 6O2
c)
6CO2 and 6H2O
d)
6O2 and 6H2O
112.
What are the two main products of the Krebs Cycle?
a)
H2O and CO2
b)
ATP and CO2
c)
ATP and O2
d)
ADP and H2O
113.
Where does the ETC get the energy it needs?
a)
ATP Synthase
b)
Glycolysis
c)
Krebs Cycle
d)
Mitochondria
114.
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
a)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> --> --> 6CO2 + 6H2O
b)
C6H12O6 + 6CO2 --> --> --> 6O2 + 6H2O
c)
6 CO2 + 6H2O --> --> --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
115.
What end product of alcoholic fermentation is important in the baking industry?
a)
Lactic Acid
b)
Carbon Dioxide
c)
ATP
d)
Alcohol
116.
Which of the following happens in glycolysis?
a)
Glucose is split into pyruvate molecules
b)
Glucose is split into water and carbon dioxide
c)
Glucose is made by joining oxygen and water
d)
Glucose is made by joining carbon dioxide and water
117.
Which step of aerobic respiration requires oxygen?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Fermentation
c)
Calvin Cycle
d)
Electron Transport Chain
118.

Which organelle performs Cellular Respiration AKA Aerobic Respiration?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

119.

Which of the following correctly sequences the events of Cellular Respiration?

a)

Glycolysis, Fermentation, Krebs Cycle

b)

Krebs Cycle, Electron transport, Glycolysis

c)

Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport

d)

Krebs Cycle, Glycolysis, Electron Transport

120.

What are the inputs, or reactants, that cells use in cellular respiration?

a)

carbon dioxide and water

b)

starch and protein

c)

amino acids and glucose

d)

glucose and oxygen

121.
Glucose is broken down during which process
a)
Krebs cycle
b)
Calvin cycle
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Photosynthesis
122.
Which is not a waste product of cellular respiration?
a)
Water
b)
Heat
c)
Carbon Dioxide
d)
Oxygen
123.

Which of the following is a reactant of cellular respiration

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Water

c)

Oxygen

d)

ATP

124.

Which of the following is a product of cellular respiration?

a)

Glucose

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Radiant Energy

125.

Which statement is true regarding cellular respiration?

a)

The reactants of cellular respiration are identical to the reactants of photosynthesis.

b)

The reactants of cellular respiration are obtained from the products of photosynthesis.

c)

The products of cellular respiration are the same as the products of photosynthesis

d)

Cellular respiration only occurs in autotrophs, photosynthesis occurs only in heterotrophs.

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