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Final Exam Urban Sustainable Agriculture

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Localizing food production through urban farming provides...
a)
aesthetic, health, environmental,and economic benefits.
b)
families with things to do.
c)
children with an abundance of chores.
d)
students with an opportunity to go to college. 
2.
To cultivate produce means to...
a)
prepare and work on land to create and raise crops. 
b)
to create a farm.
c)
to live on a farm
d)
to live with animals and crops
3.

How can we prevent food wasting?

a)

We should buy more fast-food, we don't have to prepare it at home.

b)

We can eat more spicy food, it is so delicious!

c)

We mustn't throw away food which can be reused.

d)

We should eat in restaurants, so not to throw away food at home.

4.

What kind of food do we waste the most?

a)

Fruit, vegetables

b)

Sweets

c)

Dairy products

d)

Herbs and spices

5.
What is the growing of one single crop all the time called?
a)
agriculture
b)
monoculture
c)
hydrofracking
d)
geothermal
6.
GMO stands for
a)
genetically made organism
b)
genetically modified organism
c)
gene manipulated organism
d)
Genetic mutant organism
7.

Select the benefits of green roofs from the list below.

a)

energy efficiency

b)

aesthetics

c)

urban heat island reduction

d)

Expensive

e)

increased biodiversity

8.

Green roof designs have three design objectives.

a)

making the planet more green

b)

structural integrity

c)

leak free

d)

easy to install

e)

vitality/ health of plants

9.

What type of garden is this?

a)

Vertical

b)

Container

c)

Flat Bed

d)

Raised bed

10.

What type of garden needs a professional architect to help you plan it?

a)

Raised bed

b)

Container

c)

Rooftop

d)

Flat bed

11.

What type of garden is this?

a)

Raised bed

b)

Vertical

c)

Flat bed

d)

Container

12.

How big should the gap between garden rows and boxes?

a)

4 ft

b)

3 inches

c)

10 ft

d)

2 ft

13.

Which type of garden saves the MOST space for the most plants?

a)

Vertical

b)

Flat Bed

c)

Container

d)

Raised bed

14.

When planning a vertical garden what is most important to pay attention to?

a)

Sun

b)

water

c)

soil

d)

temperature

15.

What type of garden needs windbreaks?

a)

Vertical

b)

Raised bed

c)

rooftop

d)

container

16.

A washtub garden is what type of garden?

a)

container

b)

rooftop

c)

raised bed

d)

flat bed

17.

Which type of garden would be best for the elderly and handicapped?

a)

Container

b)

Flat bed

c)

rooftop

d)

raised bed

18.

What is hydroponics?

a)

Art of growing plants in air?

b)

Art of growing plants in soil?

c)

Art of legalizing use of plants....

d)

Art of soil-less growing?

19.

What is needed for plants to survive?

a)

Chips, pop, windex

b)

A grandmother

c)

Water, sunlight, air, nutrients, anchorage

d)

Dirt

20.

What is an example(s) of growing media?

a)

packing pnuts,

b)

green squishy stuff, white floating boards

c)

rockwool, lava rocks, styrofoam, sand, gravel

d)

ashes, leaves, decaying matter

21.

When was the earliest documentation of Hydroponics?

a)

Chinese-rice

b)

Egyptians-floating gardens

c)

Americans-cannibis

d)

Dinosaurs-algae

22.

What are the 5 advantages of using Hydroponics?

a)

Growth and Quality

b)

No weeds/pests, smaller growing area, and grow any condition

c)

Easier to maintain

d)

Cost and maintenance

23.

Disadvantages of using Hydroponics

a)

Grow in any condition

b)

It's legal

c)

Cost, expertise, daily attention

d)

Diseases spread, specially formulated nutrients, production

24.

On a pH scale, acidic range is?

a)

1-14

b)

8-14

c)

7.0

d)

1-6

25.

pH scale; Basic range is considered?

a)

1-6

b)

1-14

c)

8-14

d)

6.5

26.

Which of the following are the three PRIMARY (not secondary) macronutrients?

a)

Manganese, Iron, Copper, Nitrogen

b)

Sulfur, Calcium, Magnesium

c)

Potassium, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

d)

Iron, Calcium, Nitrogen

27.

Aquaponics is the...

a)

divorce of sunlight and fish

b)

marriage of plants and fish

c)

marriage of soil and water with fish

d)

divorce of rocks and gravel

28.

Aquaponics conversion of nutrients to plants in what order..

a)

fish waste, bacteria, nitrite, bacteria, nitrate

b)

bacteria, nitrite, fish waste, bacteria, nitrate

c)

fish waste, bacteria, nitrate, bacteria, nitrite

d)

bacteria, fish waste, nitrite, bacteria, nitrate

29.

What is AGRICULTURE defined as?

a)

The art, science and business of producing crops and livestock for economic purposes

b)

Feeding animals, planting crops and using them for economic purposes

c)

The business of selling animals and plants for a profit

d)

The art of producing crops and animals and selling them for a profit

30.

What are the benefits of Agriculture?

a)

Provide Jobs

b)

Food Security

c)

Trade with other countries

d)

ALL OF THE ABOVE

31.

Which one of these pictures best represent Organic Farming?

a)
b)
c)
d)
32.

Studying Agricultural Science can lead to a career as a

a)

Crop Scientist

b)

Banker

c)

Taxi driver

d)

Dentist

33.

The MAJOR disadvantage of a HYDROPONIC and AQUAPONIC system is....

a)

It is sustainable

b)

High setup costs

c)

Water conservative

d)

Environmentally friendly

34.

The major ADVANTAGE of a Hydroponic and Aquaponic system is ......

a)

It is sustainable

b)

High setup costs

c)

Easy disease transfer

d)

Sensitive to small changes

35.

Which cycle plays a big role in aquaponics

a)

Carbon cycle

b)

Nitrogen cycle

c)

Oxygen cycle

d)

Fish cycle

36.
Which of the following best describes IPM?
a)
Spraying broad-spectrum chemical pesticides as the first line of defense 
b)
Complete elimination of all chemical pesticides
c)
Implementing a variety of cultivation and biological techniques and only spraying pesticides as a last resort
d)
Utilizing only trap cropping and crop rotation
37.
Traditional farmers grow several crops on the same plot of land in a practice referred to as
a)
monoculture
b)
polyculture
c)
aquaculture
d)
slash and burn
38.
Repeated application of irrigated water in dry climates leads to...
a)
a drop in productivity of the land by more than 10%, leading to desertification
b)
a build up of nutrients, leading to increased levels of erosion
c)
a build up of salts in the soil, leading to salinization
d)
decreased phosphorus and nitrogen, leading to eutrophication
39.
The use of synthetic fertilizers can increase crop yield, but also
a)
destroy nitrifying bacteria in the soil
b)
increase nutrient runoff into nearby surface waters
c)
slow the release of organic nutrients from compost
d)
increase fish populations in nearby streams
40.
Which of the following are harmful effects of agriculture?
a)
Algal blooms due to fertilizer runoff
b)
Climate change associated with methane emissions from livestock and rice paddies
c)
Pesticide residue in food, water, and air
d)
All of the above
41.
Which of the following best describes a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
a)
An organism that has been selectively bred for the best traits
b)
An organism that contains foreign DNA
c)
An organism that is produced after exposure to a mutagen.
d)
An organism that has been cloned
42.
Which of the following best describes the process of desertification?
a)
A drop of productivity of land of more than 10%.
b)
Caused by overgrazing and soil erosion.
c)
Occurs in arid or semi-arid areas.
d)
All of the above 
43.
Which type of soil conservation strategy is being  used in this picture?
a)
windbreaks
b)
contour plowing
c)
alley cropping
d)
terracing
44.
Which of the following is NOT true about food and the people of developed countries?
a)
They eat too much protein, salt, sugar, and fat.
b)
They do not eat enough fiber.
c)
They primarily use industrial farming of monocultures.
d)
They primarily plant polycultures on a plot of land.
45.
The two main agents of erosion are...
a)
wind and flowing water
b)
gravity and frost wedging
c)
oxygen and water
d)
carbon dioxiede and wind
46.
Clean Water Act 1972
a)
established the National Park Service (NPS), an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior. 
b)
U.S. federal law that regulates the discharge of pollutants into the nation's surface waters, including lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and coastal areas. Passed in 1972 and amended in 1977 and 1987, the Clean Water Actwas originally 
c)
legislation that grants public access to documents or other data in the possession of a government agency or public authority, unless the information falls into a category that is specifically excluded from the terms of the legislation.
47.
Which act protects fish, shellfish, and wildlife in rivers, lakes, streams and oceans?
a)
Pollution Prevention Act
b)
Energy Independence and Security Act
c)
Energy Policy Act
d)
Clean Water Act
48.
The Clean Air Act is monitored and enforced by the
a)
The Paris Accord
b)
GSA-Government Services Agency
c)
Virginia
d)
EPA-Environmental Protection Agency 
49.

Often water must be treated to become _______, safe to drink

a)

pathogen

b)

potable

c)

clarified

d)

bonifide

50.

What is the best way to CONSERVE water use in an agricultural setting...

a)

low flow toilets

b)

reuse cooling water

c)

drip irrigation

d)

high power overhead irrigation

51.

Many areas of the world without adequate fresh water have become habitable because:

a)

water conservation has been implemented.

b)

icebergs have been towed in to provide fresh water.

c)

water management projects have diverted water to the area.

d)

rainfall patterns have changed.

52.

In general, water use worldwide is dominated by

a)

Agricultural use

b)

Domestic needs

c)

Industrial activities

d)

All of these are sectors that use water about equally

53.

Crop rotation prevents

a)

Badgers

b)

A build up of pests

c)

The farmer having to plough

d)

Water pollution

54.

Which chemical controls weeds?

a)

Fungicide

b)

Pesticide

c)

Insecticide

d)

Herbicide

55.

Which 3 of the following are indirect controls of pests?

a)

Pesticides

b)

Timely harvesting

c)

Stubble cleaning

d)

Crop rotation

56.

Organic Farming prohibits the use of which 2 of the following?

a)

Chemical sprays

b)

Machinery

c)

Personal Protective Equipment

d)

GMO's

57.
Soil is made of
a)
weathered rocks and minerals
b)
dead plants and animals
c)
air and water
d)
all of the above
58.
The layer of soil which the topsoil is found.
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
59.
What is a soil problem all farmers face?
a)
soil hardening
b)
soil erosion
c)
soil spoiling
d)
soil pollution
60.

Which soil horizon is contains decomposed plants and animals?

a)

A Horizon

b)

B Horizon

c)

C Horizon

d)

O Horizon

61.

Soil sample that is 10% clay, 20% silt, and 70% sand has which texture?

a)

clay

b)

clay loam

c)

sandy loam

d)

silt

62.
Which of the following is the correct order of soil particles in order of increasing particle size?
a)
clay-sand-silt
b)
sand-clay-silt
c)
silt-clay-sand
d)
clay-silt-sand
63.
Plants need ________ for photosynthesis
a)
oxygen
b)
soil
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
sugar
64.
What is photosynthesis?
a)
The process in which humans eat their food
b)
When a photographer takes a photo.
c)
To get your pictures from the photo lab.
d)
The process in which plants make their food.
65.
How do factors such as pore space and compaction affect plant growth?
a)
Compacted soils reduce the availability of water and oxygen to plant roots
b)
Soils with large amounts of porespace enable roots to absorb more water and soil
c)
Soils with small amounts of porespace are less likely to undergo nutrient leaching
d)
Compacted soils have less porespace, which reduces the availability of water, nutrients and oxygen
e)
All of the above are accurate
66.
Which of the following is the most important determinant of the biodiversity and abundance of microbial communities?
a)
Particle size
b)
Availability of NPK
c)
Porespace
d)
Abundance of soil organic matter
67.

Package containing an embryo and food

a)

Seed

b)

Root

c)

Stem

d)

Flower

68.

Plant in the spring and harvest in the fall

a)

Summer annual

b)

Winter annual

c)

Spring annual

d)

Fall annual

69.

Plant in the fall and harvest in the spring

a)

Summer Annual

b)

Winter Annual

c)

Spring Annual

d)

Fall Annual

70.

Most specific classification level

a)

Kingdom

b)

Class

c)

Family

d)

Species

71.

What classification would a crop plant have if it as 2 cotyledons in each seed?

a)

Monocot

b)

Dicot

c)

Monoecious

d)

Dioecious

72.

This type of crop plant has a fibrous root system:

a)

Monocot

b)

Dicot

c)

Monoecious

d)

Dioecious

73.

This type of crop plant has leaves with a network of veins and ring-like vascular bundles

a)

Monocot

b)

Dicot

c)

Monoecious

d)

Dioecious

74.

This type of crop plant has a taproot system

a)

Monocot

b)

Dicot

c)

Monoecious

d)

Dioecious

75.

What plant tissue transports material between the root and the shoot of the plant?

a)

Ground Tissue

b)

Vascular Tissue

c)

Dermal Tissue

d)

All of the above

76.

Last summer Samantha did not pull all the carrots in his garden. This year, she noticed that those carrots grew flowers and produced seeds. This happened because the carrots are a(n)________ plant.

a)

biennial

b)

annual

c)

perennial

d)

centennial

77.

Maria has picked blueberries from the bush on her grandpa's farm for the past five years. A blueberry bush is an example of a(n) _______ plant.

a)

annual

b)

perennial

c)

biennial

d)

centennial

78.

Mrs. Abbott enjoys having different flowers in her yard each year. She should choose _________ flowers.

a)

annual

b)

perennial

c)

biennial

d)

centennial

79.

The first root that emerges from a seed is called:

a)

aerial root

b)

taproot

c)

fibrous root

d)

primary root

80.

Tubes that carry water and minerals from the roots to the top of the plant.

a)

vascular tubes

b)

Xylem

c)

Fern

d)

Annuals

81.

Agricultural Scientists might work with

a)

bacteria

b)

animals

c)

soils

d)

all of these

82.

Natural resources used by farmers might include

a)

water

b)

soil

c)

air

d)

forests

e)

all of these

83.

Why does a farmer plant cover crops?

a)

to prevent soil from washing away

b)

to provide pretty blooms

c)

to cover ugly land

d)

to use the farm machines

84.

A specialty farm

a)

raises a variety of crops and livestock

b)

raises or grows only one kind of crop or livestock

c)

raises a variety of animals

d)

is a place for entertainment

85.

The types of crops grown in a region depend upon

a)

climate and soil

b)

climate and equipment

c)

people and soil

d)

equipment and people

86.

Conservation includes

a)

managing the soil wisely

b)

protecting the air

c)

keeping the water clean

d)

all of these

87.

Since most families do not produce all of their own food, they must get it through a food marketing system in order to get food from the farm to their families. What is the correct order of the food marketing system?

a)

distribution, processing, production, retailing

b)

production, processing, distribution, retailing

c)

retailing, production, processing, distribution

d)

production, distribution, processing, retailing

88.

What makes farming such a risky business?

a)

regular income

b)

easy work

c)

unpredictable weather conditions

d)

good market prices

89.

How are farm products marketed?

a)

radio and TV commercials

b)

attractive packaging

c)

newspaper coupons

d)

all of these

90.

Which of these products does the US import?

a)

tea

b)

coffee

c)

bananas

d)

all of these

91.

One reason farmers in the US can grow a great variety of crops is that

a)

US farmers are smarter than any other farmers

b)

the US has diverse climates and soils

c)

the growing seasons are all short

d)

rainfall in the US is the same all over the country

92.

Which term means to use practices that will last over the long term?

a)

sustainibilty

b)

CSA

c)

revitalization

d)

economics

e)

validation

93.

In order to be defined as a "farm", which of the following statements is TRUE?

a)

must have $1,000 of agriculture product sold in a year

b)

must have $10,000 of agriculture product sold in a year

c)

must have $5,000 of agriculture product sold in a year

d)

must have $12,000 of agriculture product sold in a year

e)

must be able to make a living from what is produced on the farm

94.

The average U.S. farm size has done what?

a)

increased

b)

decreased

c)

stayed the same

95.

With this economic system, the consumer decides what to produce and how to produce it. The market determines income.

a)

Capitalism (Free Market System)

b)

Socialism

c)

Communism

d)

Fascism

e)

Traditionalism

96.

Which of the five business functions we discussed in class involves keeping records, payroll, income, and expenses?

a)

Human Resources

b)

Sales/Marketing

c)

Production

d)

Distribution

e)

Accounting/Finance

97.

Which of the five business functions we discussed in class involves promoting, advertising, packing, and selling?

a)

Human Resources

b)

Sales/Marketing

c)

Production

d)

Distribution

e)

Accounting/Finance

98.

Which of the five business functions we discussed in class involves hiring and training workers, company policy, and leadership?

a)

Human Resources

b)

Sales/Marketing

c)

Production

d)

Distribution

e)

Accounting/Finance

99.

Which of the five business functions we discussed in class involves determining a need and offering the product/service to the customer?

a)

Human Resources

b)

Sales/Marketing

c)

Production

d)

Distribution

e)

Accounting/Finance

100.

Which of the five business functions we discussed in class involves storing, organizing, and delivering the product/service?

a)

Human Resources

b)

Sales/Marketing

c)

Production

d)

Distribution

e)

Accounting/Finance

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