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Cell Structure and Function

Total questions: 109

Worksheet time: 1hrs 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the structure labeled #1?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Nucleus
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Mitochondria
2.
What is the structure labeled #5?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Lysosome
3.
What is the structure labeled #3?
a)
Golgi body
b)
Endoplasmic reticulum
c)
Vacuole
d)
Mitochondria
4.
What is the structure labeled #9?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Mitochondria
5.
What is the structure labeled #6?
a)
Smooth ER
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Nucleus
d)
Rough ER
6.
What is the structure labeled #8?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Golgi body
c)
Nucleus
d)
Lysosome
7.
What is the structure labeled #4?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Cell wall
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell membrane
8.
What is the structure labeled #7?
a)
Rough ER
b)
Smooth ER
c)
Golgi body
d)
Flagella
9.
What is the structure labeled #2?
a)
Lysosome
b)
Vesicle
c)
Ribosome
d)
Mitochondria
10.
What is the structure labeled #10?
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Cell wall
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Centriole
11.
What is the structure labeled #13?
a)
Centrioles
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Lysosome
d)
Mitochondria
12.
What is the function of the chloroplast?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
13.
What is the function of the lysosome?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
14.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
15.
What is the function of the ribosome?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
16.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
17.
What is the function of the Golgi body?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
18.
What is the function of the vacuole?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
19.
What is the function of the nucleus?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
20.
What structure does this organism use for locomotion>
a)
1, nucleus
b)
2, chloroplast
c)
3, vacuole
d)
4, flagella
21.
Which type of cell contains a nucleus?
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic
22.
Which type of cell is bigger?
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic 
23.
All eukaryotes and prokaryotes are surrounded by a _____.
a)
cell wall
b)
cell membrane
c)
cell envelope
d)
loving, supportive family
24.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
25.
A single-celled organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane -bound organelle .
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
Nucleus
d)
Single-celled organism
26.
Where is the DNA found in a eukaryotic cell? 
a)
floating around in the cytoplasm 
b)
in the nucleus 
27.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
28.
What type of cell does not have a nucleus?
a)
eukaryotic 
b)
prokaryotic 
29.
Larger in size
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
30.
Plants and animal cells both have a nucleus.
a)
True
b)
False
31.
What is the smallest unit of life that can carry out all life functions?
a)
the nucleus
b)
the vacuole
c)
the mitochondria
d)
the cell
32.
First type of cell to appear on Earth?
a)
Plant
b)
Animal
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Eukaryotic
33.

Bacteria are an example of a ____ cell.

a)

prokaryotic

b)

eukaryotic

c)

plant

d)

animal

34.

An organelle involved in breaking down lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, damage organelles, and bacteria are ___

a)

Golgi Appaparatus

b)

Vesicles

c)

Vacule

d)

Lysosomes

35.

Both mitochondria and chloroplasts ____

a)

contain their own unique ribosomes that are different than the cells

b)

contain their own unique DNA that are different than the cells

c)

are specialized organelles that capture and release energy

d)

are found in both in plants and animals

36.

Encloses the cell, it acts like a gatekeeper, allowing some materials to pass through it but not others.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

37.

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane for support and protection of the cell.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

38.

Organelles where photosynthesis occurs, are green due to chlorophyll pigment found in them.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

39.

A gel like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell. The organelles are found scattered throughout it.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

40.

Organelles that package cellular materials and transports them within the cell or out of the cell.

a)

Golgi Body

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Large central vacuole

d)

Lysosomes

41.

A fluid like vesicle that stores water and provides support for the cell.

a)

Golgi Body

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Large central vacuole

d)

Lysosomes

42.

A cell organelle that is responsible for waste removal in the cell.

a)

Golgi Body

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Large central vacuole

d)

Lysosomes

43.

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP ( energy production ) and cellular respiration in plants and animals.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vacuoles

44.

Is the structure located in a plant and animal cell that is home to DNA, where new cells are made and directs cell activity

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vacuoles

45.

Where proteins are made in the cells.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vacuoles

46.

Small structures in the cytoplasm that do special jobs.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Organelles

d)

Vacuoles

47.

Saclike structures that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Organelles

d)

Vacuoles

48.

Function of the cell membrane to block the movement of certain sizes, shapes and kinds of particles from entering the cell.

a)

permeable

b)

impermeable

c)

semi-permeable

49.

Plant cells and animal cells

a)

are both prokaryotic

b)

are both eukaryotic

c)

do not have a nucleus

d)

do not have DNA

50.

The function of the mitochondria is

a)

is to make proteins for the cell.

b)

transport materials in and out of the cell.

c)

break down waste products for the cell.

d)

break down glucose through cellular respiration and make energy for the cell.

51.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

a)

does not have ribosomes on the membrane and makes lipids for the cell.

b)

has ribosomes on the membrane and makes proteins for the cell.

c)

has ribosomes on the membrane and makes lipids for the cell.

d)

does not have ribosomes on the membrane and make glucose for the cell.

52.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

a)

does not have ribosomes on the membrane and transports proteins for the cell.

b)

does not have ribosomes and makes energy for the cell.

c)

does not have ribosomes and makes proteins for the cell.

d)

has ribosomes on the membrane and transports proteins for the cell.

53.

Check the three major differences between a plant cell and an animal cell.

a)

cell wall

b)

mitochondria

c)

large central vacuole

d)

chloroplasts

54.
The cell theory states that the cell is the most basic unit of life, all organisms are made of cells, and all cells come from cells. What makes the cell theory a scientific theory?
a)
It is based on a scientific publication that is read by scientists worldwide.
b)
It is based on the work of many scientists and leads to accurate predictions.
c)
It is based on ideas that have been proven true and that are not subject to revision.
d)
It is based on preliminary evidence but sill needs to be confirmed with experiments.
55.
Which of the following pairs INCORRECTLY matches a cell structure with its function?
a)
cell membrane: protein synthesis
b)
nucleus: information (DNA) storage
c)
vacuole: storage
d)
chloroplast: energy conversion
56.
Some viruses attack cells by inserting their own DNA into the host cell's DNA. Why might it be simpler for these viruses to attack prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic cells?
a)
prokaryotic cells have less DNA than do eukaryotic cells.
b)
Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
c)
The cell wall in prokaryotic cells is a less effective barrier.
d)
The rapid growth of prokaryotic cells generates more viruses.
57.
Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?
a)
storing genetic information
b)
recycling waste products of the cell
c)
providing a protective barrier
d)
processing and storing proteins
58.
The graph shows the number of mitochondria in breast muscles of different birds. Which statement best explains these data?
a)
The number of mitochondria in chickens would be higher if they could fly.
b)
The chicken breast muscle requires the greatest amount of energy per cell.
c)
The energy requirement of pigeon breast muscle is low.
d)
Duck breast muscle require the least amount of energy.
59.
____ is the ability of a cell to regulate itself and maintain an internal ____ or equilibrium. 
a)
Homeostasis, level
b)
Equilibrium, level
c)
Homeostasis, balance
d)
Equilibrium, balance
60.
Basic structure of a virus includes a capsid, ___, envelope, and ______.
a)
receptors, nucleic acids
b)
protein coat, DNA or RNA
c)
capsule, nuclear membranes
d)
attachment, cell membranes
61.
Viruses reproduce by taking over normal healthy cells and ____ their nucleic acid into the cell. 
a)
rejecting
b)
attaching
c)
injecting
d)
projecting
62.
What is the role of the cell membrane?
a)
Create ATP
b)
Create protiens
c)
Regulate temperature
d)
Regulate the transport of in and out
63.
What is another name for cell membrane?
a)
Great Wall of China
b)
Berlin Wall
c)
Plasma Membrane
d)
Cell Wall
64.
What do we call the inside of the cell?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Organelle
c)
Nucleus
d)
Cytoskeleton
65.
What makes up the cell membrane?
a)
Lipid Monolayer
b)
Lipid Bilayer
c)
Protiens
d)
Carbohydrate Chains
66.
Which of the following is not found in the nucleus?
a)
DNA
b)
Nuclear Envelope
c)
Nucleolus
d)
Golgi Apparatus
67.
What is made in the nucleolus?
a)
DNA
b)
Protiens
c)
Ribosomes
d)
ATP
68.
What structure is responsible for making proteins?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Golgi Apparatus
d)
Ribosome
69.
Besides the cytoplasm, where else do we find ribosomes?
a)
Vacoule
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Lysosome
70.
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a)
to make energy
b)
modify and transport proteins made by the ribosomes on it
c)
store water and other vital molecules
d)
to make new membranes and neutralize toxins
71.
Membrane packages that carry molecules around the cell or out of the cell.
a)
Golgi Apparatus
b)
Vacuole
c)
Lysosome
d)
Vesicles
72.
Vesicle filled with digestive enzymes that break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into monomers. Recycle damaged or unused organelles.
a)
ER
b)
Lysosome
c)
Vacuole
d)
Mitochondria
73.
Small finger like projections make from microtubules that move the cell or move materials around.
a)
Cilla
b)
Flagellum
c)
Fingerlings
d)
Lemmings
74.

In diffusion

a)

water moves from a high concentration to a low concentration

b)

water moves from a low concentration to a high concentration

c)

molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration

d)

molecules move from a low concentration to a high concentration

75.

Water, oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the permeable cell membrane by ____

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

endocytosis

d)

exocytosis

76.

A hypertonic solution is one where

a)

the concentration of a solution outside the cell is higher than the concentration than inside the cell

b)

the concentration of a solution outside the cell is lower than the concentration than inside the cell

c)

the concentration of a solution outside the cell is equal to the concentration than inside the cell

77.

Prokaryotes have an approximate size of

a)

1 nanometer (nm)

b)

1 micrometer (um)

c)

1 millimeter (mm)

d)

1 centimeter (cm)

78.

Both mitochondria and chloroplasts ____

a)

contain their own unique ribosomes that are different than the cells

b)

contain their own unique DNA that are different than the cells

c)

are specialized organelles that capture and release energy

d)

are found in both in plants and animals

79.

The Fluid Mosaic Model __

a)

describes the process of making proteins through the fluid movement of ribosomes to the golgi apparatus

b)

describes the movement of RNA through the nuclear pore into the cytoplasm

c)

describes the cell's boundary composed of the cell wall and the cytoskeleton

d)

describes the cell membrane as made of many different parts that are not fixed in one place.

80.

Cholesterol

a)

Is bad

b)

provides stiffness and structure to the cell's semipermeable membrane

c)

Is good

d)

helps with facilitated diffusion

81.

An organelle involved in breaking down lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, damage organelles, and bacteria are ___

a)

Golgi Appaparatus

b)

Vesicles

c)

Vacule

d)

Lysosomes

82.

True or False. Prokaryotes contain cytoplasm.

a)

True

b)

False

83.

Prokaryote ___

a)

contain simple cells

b)

are unicellular

c)

alway have a flagellum

d)

are a product of endosymbiosis

84.

The smallest unit of life is ____

a)

a protist

b)

an atom

c)

bacteria

d)

a cell

85.

Cells only come ___

a)

from prokaryotes

b)

from other cells dividing

c)

from fungi

d)

from eukaryotes

86.

According to Cell Theory all living things are made of cells. Based on this theory all living things must contain _____, _____, and ______.

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

cell membranes

d)

ribosomes

e)

genetic material

87.

Osmosis is ____

a)

a special kind of diffusion

b)

the movement of water across a permeable cell membrane

c)

a passive transport mechanism

d)

an active transport mechanism

88.

Timmy places a freshwater amoeba on a wet mount slide with freshwater. Timmy examines the amoeba using a compound microscope using high power. What happens to the amoeba body?

a)

Hypertonic setting: the amoeba shrivels up as water in the amoeba moves across it's semi-permeable membrane into the jar of water.

b)

Hypotonic setting: the amoeba swells up as water in the jar moves across the amoeba's semi-permeable membrane into the amoeba's body.

c)

Isotonic setting: nothing happens as the concentration of the freshwater in the jar is equal to the concentration of freshwater in the amoeba's body

89.

The cell semipermeable membrane governs what comes in and out of the cell through

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Protein Pumps

90.
Which organelle collects sunlight to make sugar during photosynthesis?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Cell Wall
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Vacuole
91.
What structure is in plant cells but not animal cells?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Vacuole
92.
This organelle is a gel-like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell. 
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Vacuole
d)
Golgi Body
93.
What is the difference between rough and smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
a)
There is no difference.
b)
Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.
c)
What type of injuries the Doctors treat.
d)
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
94.
What is the function of the chloroplast?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
95.
What is the function of the lysosome?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
96.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
97.
What is the function of the ribosome?
a)
site of digestive enzymes
b)
site of ATP (energy) production
c)
site of photosynthesis
d)
site of protein production
98.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
99.
What is the function of the Golgi body?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
100.
What is the function of the vacuole?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
101.
What is the function of the nucleus?
a)
to control the activities within the cell
b)
to package and ship cellular materials
c)
to store water and nutrients 
d)
to control the materials that pass into and out of the cell
102.
What structure does this organism use for locomotion>
a)
1, nucleus
b)
2, chloroplast
c)
3, vacuole
d)
4, flagella
103.

Organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus are called . . .

a)

Eukaryotes

b)

Multicellular

c)

Prokaryotes

d)

Unicellular

104.

An organism made of only one cell is called . . .

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Monocellular

c)

Multicellular

d)

Unicellular

105.

Organisms with cells that have a nucleus are called . . .

a)

Archaea

b)

Bacteria

c)

Eukaryotes

d)

Prokaryotes

106.

This outermost layer protects and supports the cells of plants and some other organisms.

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Golgi Apparatus

107.

These organelles in plants capture light energy and store it in glucose molecules to be used as food.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Vacuoles

108.

Which is not true about Prokaryotic cells?

a)

They do not have a nucleus.

b)

They have DNA.

c)

They are larger than Eukaryotic cells.

d)

Examples include cyanobacteria and E. coli.

109.

Prokaryote ___

a)

contain simple cells

b)

are unicellular

c)

alway have a flagellum

d)

are a product of endosymbiosis

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