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Biology E.S.- DNA Structure and Replication

Total questions: 88

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What two scientist are [primarily given the credit for discovering the structure of DNA and modeling it?

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Franklin and Mary

c)

Einstein and Copenhagen

d)

Franklin and Roosevelt

e)

Franklin and no one

2.

Who's work did Watson and Crick use without their permission which led to the discovery of the double helix in DNA?

a)

Rosalind Franklin

b)

Benjamin Franklin

c)

Friedrich Miesch

d)

James Watson

3.

What organisms contain DNA?

(Choose the most accurate answer)

a)

Humans

b)

Cucumbers

c)

Volcanic Rock

d)

All life on earth

4.

Why do some dogs primarily have curly hair but some dogs have strait hair?

a)

Change in the genetic code

b)

Diet

c)

Geographical location

d)

Amount of Exercise

5.

What is a nucleic acid?

a)

A macromolecule that carries our genetic material

b)

A combination of cells which work for a common function

c)

Acid by which helps food digest better

d)

A poison which attacks the nucleus causing cell death.

6.

What do nucleic acids do?

a)

Contain genes—the blueprint/instructions for making proteins, located at certain points in a chromosome

b)

make proteins which serve the purpose of giving the body functionality and ability to accomplish work

c)

Destroy viruses that try to use DNA to replicate itself.

d)

Find foreign objects in the body and destroy them by the means of acidification

7.

Check off every box that contains nucleic acid?

(Mark all that apply)

a)

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

b)

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)

c)

YNA (Yeulanarynucleic Acid)

d)

FDA (Fidernalnucleic Acid)

8.

What makes up nucleic acids?

a)

nucleotides

b)

nuclear fission

c)

nuclear fusion

d)

Carbonic-Sulferic Acid

9.

Are nucleotides a monomer?

a)

True

b)

False

10.

What sugars make up nucleotides?

(Mark all that apply)

a)

DNA (Deoxyribose)

b)

RNA (Ribose)

c)

LNA (Laxynuclose)

d)

GNA (Gyclogenretose)

11.

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

a)

Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base

b)

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen

c)

DNA, RNA, LNA

d)

proteins, lipids, calories

12.

Mark every nitrogen base?

(Mark all that apply)

a)

Adenine

b)

Guannine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Thymine (DNA only)

e)

Uracil (RNA only)

13.

What does the nucleotide "A" stand for?

a)

Adenine

b)

Aluminum

c)

Alkine

d)

Alpha

14.

What does the nucleotide "G" stand for?

a)

Guanine

b)

Giadabe

c)

Giboley

d)

Guinie

15.

What does the nucleotide "C" stand for?

a)

Cytosine

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Cyntientasm

d)

Cytosis

16.

What does the nucleotide "T" stand for?

a)

Thymine

b)

Thyroid

c)

Thymeme

d)

Thryrolescent

17.

What does the nucleotide "U" stand for?

a)

Uracil

b)

Urmonomer

c)

Ulser

d)

Unaimous

18.

Thymine is only found in DNA?

a)

True

b)

False

19.

Uracil is only found in RNA?

a)

True

b)

False

20.

(Fill in the blank)

In DNA the bond between Adenine and Thymine is a ______ ________ bond.

a)

doble hydrogen

b)

single hydrogen

c)

tiple hydrogen

d)

covalent bond

21.

(Fill in the blank)

The bond between Guanine and Cytosine is a ------- -------- bond.

a)

triple hydrogen

b)

double covalent

c)

singular covalent

d)

double hydrogen

22.

What structure is DNA?

a)

Double Helix

b)

Triple Helix

c)

Morbius Sphere

d)

Triple Helix

23.

What is the backbone of DNA made out of

a)

sugar, phosphate

b)

base, phosphate

c)

sugar, base

d)

bone, phosphate

24.

(Fill in the blank)

________ _____ bond in the middle with weak ________ bonds

a)

Nitrogen Bases, Hydrogen

b)

Hydrogen Bases, Nitrogen

c)

Carbon bases, Oxygen

d)

lithium bases, copper

25.

All other bonds beside hydrogen bonds are what kind of bond?

a)

Covalent

b)

glue

c)

tape

d)

lapisourus

26.

Can any Nitrogen base pair with anon-complementary base pair?

a)

False

b)

True

27.

In DNA Adenine always pairs with which nitrogen base?

a)

Thymine

b)

Guanine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Lithosine

28.

In DNA what nitrogen base always pairs with Cytosine?

a)

Guanine

b)

Uracil

c)

Adenine

d)

Thymine

29.

What are the nitrogen base Purines?

(Mark all that apply)

a)

Adenine

b)

Guanine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Thymine

30.

What are the nitrogen base Pyrimidines?

(Mark all that apply)

a)

Cytosine

b)

Thymine

c)

Adenine

d)

Guanine

31.

Are Purines a big base?

(Remember small word, big base)

a)

True

b)

False

32.

Are Pyrimidines a small base?

(Remember big word, small base)

a)

True

b)

False

33.

Do strands of DNA run parallel or antiparallel?

(Remember: 1st strand runs in a 5’🡪 3’ direction and the 2nd 3’🡪 5’ direction)

a)

Anti-parrallel

b)

Parrallel

c)

Neither

d)

Both

34.

DNA is read 5' to 3'.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

What part of a nucleotide is always at the end of a 5' end of DNA.

a)

Phosphate

b)

Sugar

c)

nitrogen base

d)

hydrogen base

36.

(True or False)

Deoxyribose sugar is always at the 3' end.

a)

True

b)

False

37.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "1".

a)

3'

b)

5'

c)

nucleotide

d)

nitrogen base

38.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "2".

a)

Pyrimidines or Cytosine and Thymine

b)

Purines or Adenine and Guanine

c)

nucleotide

d)

nitrogen base

39.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "3"?

a)

weak hydrogen bonds

b)

Decent nitrogen bonds

c)

weak covalent bonds

d)

strong covalent binds

e)

mediocre covalent bonds

40.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "4"?

a)

nucleotide

b)

nitrogen base

c)

hydrogen base

d)

weak hydrogen bond

e)

strong covalent bond

41.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "5"?

a)

5'

b)

3'

c)

weak hydrogen bond

d)

strong covalent bond

42.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "6"?

a)

Purines or Adenine and Guanine

b)

Pyrimidine or Cytosine and Thymine

c)

neither

d)

Both

43.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "7"?

a)

5'

b)

3'

c)

4'

d)

10'

44.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "8"?

a)

Phosphate

b)

sugar

c)

notrogen base

d)

weak hydrogen bond

45.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "9"?

a)

Deoxyribose Sugar

b)

Ribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogen base

d)

Hydrogen Base

46.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "10"?

a)

Strong Covalent bond

b)

Weak hydrogen bond

c)

mediocre oxygen bond

d)

Mighty aluminum bond

47.

On the chart above what part of DNA is "11"?

a)

3'

b)

5'

c)

2'

d)

6'

48.

What structure is RNA

a)

Single Strand

b)

Double Helix

c)

SIngle Helix

d)

Mobius Shhere

49.

In RNA Adenine binds with Uracil and Cytosine binds with Guanine.

{True or False}

a)

True

b)

False

50.

What is a chromosome?

a)

tightly coiled strands of DNA

b)

loose coil of DNA

c)

Tightly coiled strand of RNA

d)

loose coil of RNA

51.

(Mark all that apply)

How many chromosomes does a human normally have?

a)

46 Chromosome

b)

23 pairs

c)

23 from Mom

d)

23 from Father

52.

What are Genes?

a)

A piece of DNA that has instructions to code for one proteins

b)

tightly coiled strands of DNA

c)

tightly coiled strands of RNA

d)

A piece of RNA that has instructions to code for one proteins

53.

(Fill in the blank)

So, genes are _______________ of DNA. Chromosomes are ____ _______ of DNA all bunched up.

a)

Pieces/sections, long strands

b)

long strands , short strands

c)

whole part, short strands

d)

whole, Medium strands

54.

What is DNA Replication?

a)

making an identical copy of DNA

b)

making a 99 percent copy of DNA

c)

destroying a cell

d)

Mutations

55.

Parent DNA makes how many exact copies of DNA?

a)

2

b)

1

c)

3

d)

5

56.

Where does DNA replication occur?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

cytoplasm

d)

All of the above

57.

(True or False)

DNA Replication ensures that each new cell will have exactly the same DNA as the original cell.

a)

True

b)

False

58.

What unzips the DNA into two strands?

a)

Enzyme Helicase

b)

Origin of Relication

c)

Deoxyribonucleic zipper

d)

Ribonucleic Atachment

59.

What are the openings of DNA Replication called?

a)

Origin of Replication

b)

Enzyme Helicae

c)

Lisosomal zipper

d)

Starting enzyme

60.

(True or False)

Several places along the DNA will be unzipped at once .

a)

True

b)

False

61.

(Fill in the blank)

Stage two of DNA Replication can only occur with the help of _______.

a)

Enzymes

b)

mitosis

c)

metamorphisis

d)

cytoplasmic combustion

62.

I Primase required for DNA synthesis?

a)

True

b)

False

63.

What do Primers do in DNA Replication?

a)

make short RNA Primers

b)

make long DNA Primers

c)

make long RNA Primers

d)

Develop Primase

64.

What do short pieces of RNA do?

a)

help to get DNA Polymerase started

b)

replicate the cell

c)

split DNA

d)

kills the cell

65.

(Mark all that apply)

List every function of DNA polymerase?

a)

adds nucleotides to RNA primer

b)

After all nucleotides are added to complement strand RNA primer is removed and replaced with DNA by DNA Polymerace

c)

Proofreads the strand before the backbone is finished

d)

Split the cell into 2 pieces

66.

Mark all functions of DNA Ligase?

a)

“seals” the gaps in DNA

b)

Connects DNA pieces by making phosphodiester bonds

c)

Like a “key” for a car ignition

d)

adds nucleotides to RNA primer

67.

In the image above what is letter "A."?

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

RNA Primer

d)

DNA Primase

68.

In the image above what is letter "B"?

a)

DNA Ligase

b)

DNA Primase

c)

RNA Primer

d)

Helicase

69.

In the image above what is letter "C."?

a)

RNA Primer

b)

RNA Primace

c)

DNA Primer

d)

Helicase

70.

In the image above what is letter "D."?

a)

DNA Primase

b)

RNA Primace

c)

Helicase

d)

Toposoimerase

71.

In the image above what is letter "E."?

a)

Okazaki Fragment

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

RNA Polymerase

d)

Helicase

72.

In the image above what is letter "F."?

a)

DNA Polymerase (Polo)

b)

RNA Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

RNA Primer

73.

In the image above what is letter "G."?

a)

Helicase

b)

RNA Primer

c)

RNA Primase

d)

DNA Polymerase

74.

In the image above what is letter "H."?

a)

single strand, binding protein

b)

double strand, loose proteins

c)

covalent and hydrogen bonds

d)

Double helix, adenine and thymine

75.

In the image above what is letter "I"?

a)

topoisomerase

b)

Helicase

c)

RNA Polymerace

d)

DNA Primer

76.

After stage three of DNA Replication how many strands are created?

a)

2

b)

1

c)

3

d)

4

77.

What is the leading strand?

a)

NEW strand made toward the replication fork (only in 5’ 🡪 3’ direction from the 3’ 🡪 5’ template strand)

b)

Old strand made toward the replication fork (only in 3’ 🡪 5’ direction from the 5' 🡪 3’ template strand)

c)

Connects DNA pieces by making phosphodiester bonds

d)

DNA Synthesis

78.

(Fill in the blank)

Needs ____ RNA primer made by _______

a)

one, primase

b)

two, RNA Primer

c)

three, DNA Prmier

d)

four, helicase

79.

(True or False)

The leading strand is made continuous?

a)

True

b)

False

80.

(Mark all that apply)

What are the functions of the lagging strand?

a)

NEW strand synthesis away from replication fork

b)

Replicates discontinuously

c)

Replicates continuously

d)

Old strand synthesis away from replication fork

81.

What does a lagging strand create?

a)

Okazaki Fragments

b)

new cell

c)

hydrogen bond

d)

lithium bond

82.

What are Okazaki fragments joined by?

a)

DNA ligase

b)

RNA ligas

c)

RNA Primer

d)

DNA Polymerase

83.

Select the most accurate statement

a)

The lagging strand needs many RNA primers made by Primase.

b)

The leading strand needs many RNA primers made by Primase.

c)

The lagging strand needs many DNA primers made by Primase.

d)

The leading strand needs many DNA primers made by hydrogen bonds.

84.

(True or False)

A semi-conservative replication is two identical DNA molecules are formed, each with an “old” strand and a “new” strand.

a)

True

b)

False

85.

(Fill in the blank)

Each parent strand is now a _______ (pattern) that determines the order of the ___ bases

a)

template, new

b)

model, old

c)

construction, middle aged

d)

Structure, young

86.

(Fill in the blank)

Forms a “_____________” strand to original strand

a)

complimentary, original

b)

Supplied, new

c)

Ordered, old

d)

given, middle aged

87.

(Fill in the blank)

The newly synthesized double helix is a combination of one “___” (or original) and one “___” DNA strand

a)

old,new

b)

one, two

c)

three,four

d)

noun,door

88.

Overview of DNA Replication:


1. Unzip the DNA.


2. Enzymes help find complementary bases and bind them according to base-pairing rules. (A-T and C-G)


3. Two identical DNA molecules are formed, each with an “old” strand and a “new” strand. We call this Semi-Conservative Replication (because part of the molecule is conserved/saved.)

How ready do you feel about the test?

a)

I am ready

b)

Let's do this

c)

I could use a bit more work

d)

I need serious help!!!

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