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Bio Fall Semester Exam Review

Total questions: 88

Worksheet time: 3hrs 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which biomolecule is made of nucleotides and include your DNA? (Hint: they carry genetic information)
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipids
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
2.
Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and LONG term energy storage?
a)
Proteins
b)
Nucleic Acids
c)
Lipids
d)
Carbohydrates
3.
Which biomolecule includes sugars and starches? (Hint: simple or complex)
a)
Lipids
b)
Proteins
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Nucleic Acids
4.
Which biomolecule group includes fats, oils, and waxes?
a)
Proteins
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipids
d)
Carbohydrate
5.
The monomer (building block) of a nucleic acid is
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Amino Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
Polysaccharide
6.

What are the FOUR most common elements in living things?

a)

Carbon

b)

Silicon

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Hydrogen

e)

Oxygen

7.

What is the function of carbohydrates?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Alter other biomolecules

e)

Store information for cells

8.

A student makes a Venn Diagram to compare functions of carbohydrates and lipids. Which cellular function of carbohydrates and lipids should be placed in the shared section of the Venn Diagram? 

a)

Hormone production

b)

Structural support of the cell walls

c)

Energy

d)

Catalyst for chemical reactions

9.

An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?

a)

Carbohydrates and lipids

b)

Proteins and carbohydrates

c)

Nucleic acids and carbohydrates

d)

Lipids and nucleic acids

10.

Which biomolecules make up cell membranes?

a)

Protein

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic acid

11.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
12.
With what 3 letters do enzymes typically end?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
13.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
14.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
15.
Letter C...
a)
active site
b)
enzymes
c)
substrate
d)
products
16.
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by
a)
lowering the activation energy.
b)
raising the activation energy.
c)
releasing energy.
d)
absorbing energy.
17.
Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best? 
a)
15 C
b)
40 C
c)
30 C
d)
47 C
18.
Enzymes will make a reaction go _______ and use ______ energy.
a)
faster, less
b)
faster, more
c)
slower, less
d)
slower, more
19.
What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?
a)
Activation energy is lowered.
b)
It becomes stronger.
c)
It loses its shape.
d)
Activation energy is raised.
20.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
21.
Solutes move against the concentration gradient, therefore energy is needed. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
22.

An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will

a)

Stay the same

b)

Shrink- get smaller

c)

Swell- get bigger

23.

This a picture of an animal and plant cell placed in a solution. Describe the solution?

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Hypertonic

24.

This a picture of an animal and plant cell placed in a solution. Describe the solution?

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Hypertonic

25.

Passive transport is when molecules move ________ the concentration gradient.

a)

against

b)

up

c)

down

d)

with

26.

Active transport is when molecules move ________ the concentration gradient.

a)

against

b)

up

c)

down

d)

with

27.
What do you call a cell without a nucleus?
a)
Eukaryote
b)
Prokaryote
28.
A protein coat surrounding a virus is called a 
a)
prophage.
b)
virus.
c)
capsid.
d)
bacteria.
29.

I’m a real “powerhouse.”

That’s plain to see.

I break down food

To release energy.

Who am I?

a)

mitochondria

b)

golgi body

c)

nucleus

d)

ribosome

30.
Viruses can reproduce on their own
a)
False
b)
True
31.

What type of genetic material do viruses have?

a)

Only DNA

b)

Only RNA

c)

It could be DNA or RNA

d)

None of these are true.

32.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

a)

NADH and ATP

b)

oxygen and heat

c)

FADH2 and NADH

d)

CO2 and H2O

33.
Photosynthesis ______ glucose while cellular respiration ______ glucose.
a)
builds; breaks apart
b)
breaks apart; builds
34.

What organelle converts glucose into ATP?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Vesicles

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Mitochondria

35.
Please select who performs cellular respiration: 
a)
Animals 
b)
Both animals and plants 
c)
plants 
36.
Cellular respiration is...
a)
the process by which cells break down glucose into energy. 
b)
the process by which cells break light down into energy. 
c)
the process by which cells communicate with other cells. 
37.

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

a)

6O2+ H2O → C6H12O6 + CO2

b)

CO2+ Light → C6H12O6 + O2

c)

6 CO2+ 6 H2O+ light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

38.
During what phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
G2 phase
d)
M phase
39.
During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow?
a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
M phase
d)
Cytokinesis
40.
During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell prepare for mitosis?
a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
G2 phase
d)
M phase
41.
Put the following stages of the cell cycle in order: G2, S, G1, M. 
a)
G1, S, G2, M
b)
S, G1, G2, M
c)
G1, M, G2, S
d)
M, G1, S, G2
42.

_____ is the uncontrolled growth of cells, often resulting in a tumor or mass of abnormal cells

a)

Cancer

b)

Apoptosis

c)

Radiation

43.

Nuclear membrane disappears

Chromosomes can now be seen

Centrioles move to opposite sides

a)

Metaphase

b)

Interphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Prophase

44.

Chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell

Spindle fibers extend from the centrioles to the middle of the chromosomes

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Interphase

45.

Chromatids separate

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

46.

Nuclear membrane reforms around the new daughter cells.

Cytoplasm begins to "pinch" in.

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Interphase

47.
What is the name of the structure labeled X?
a)
Centriole
b)
Centrosome
c)
Chromatid
d)
Chromosome 
48.

The fragments on the lagging strand that are made up of repeating segments of DNA and RNA Primers

a)

okazaki fragments

b)

Primase

c)

Polymerase

d)

unused DNA

49.

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of the sides of the DNA molecule

a)

Bonding

b)

Alternating

c)

Anitparallel

d)

Parallel

50.

Enzyme that breaks hydrogen bonds (unzips)

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase

c)

Primase

d)

Helicase

51.

DNA strand has the following bases AAGCCA what are the bases on the complementary strand

a)

GGCTTA

b)

TTGGGA

c)

CCAGGT

d)

TTCGGT

52.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA? (This is the MONOMER of DNA.) 
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
53.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
54.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
55.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
56.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
57.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
58.

Double stranded DNA is unzipped, and one strand is used as a template to form Messenger RNA.

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Mitosis

59.

Messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes

and is used as a template to assemble a protein.

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Homeostasis

60.

A small section of RNA that transports amino acids

to the ribosome for synthesis into proteins.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

DNA

61.

A single strand of nucleotides coded by DNA

which travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm to give instructionsfor building proteins.

a)

tRNA

b)

DNA

c)

mRNA

d)

rRNA

62.

The enzyme that codes mRNA from DNA instructions.

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

RNA Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

Lipase

63.

Which codon below is the code for Leucine?

a)

UUA

b)

UUC

c)

AUU

d)

CUA

64.

In a DNA sample, 15% of the bases are thymine (T). What percentage of the bases in this sample are adenine (A)?

a)

15%

b)

30%

c)

35%

d)

85%

65.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

66.

A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Chromosomal Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Substitution Mutation

67.

A substitution mutation that has no effect

on amino acids sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

68.

A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Silent Mutation

c)

Frameshift Mutation

d)

Translocation

69.

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base

is removed from the DNA sequence.

a)

Deletion Mutation

b)

Substitution Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Silent Mutation

70.

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base is added

to the DNA sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Substitution Mutation

d)

Chromosomal Mutation

71.

Which term describes the different forms of a gene

a)

Chromosome

b)

Allele

c)

DNA

d)

Punnett Squares

72.
A homozygous dominant dog with brown fur is crossed with a heterozygous dog with brown fur. What are the percentages of the possible genotypes?
a)
100% BB
b)
75% BB and 25%Bb
c)
50 % BB and 50% Bb
d)
50% Bb and 50% bb
73.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
74.
having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
75.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
76.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
77.
Two heterozygous (Tt) tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?
a)
50% tall and 50% short
b)
75%tall and 25% short
c)
100%short
78.

Punnett Square #1

In plants tall is dominant to short.

Cross two heterozygous plants.

What is the genotypic ratio?

a)

1:2:1

b)

2:2

c)

3:1

79.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

80.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the mother (circle) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

81.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What are the genotypes of the parents (1&2) in generation 2?

a)

Aa, AA

b)

aa, aa

c)

AA, AA

d)

Aa, Aa

82.

When red snapdragons are crossed with white snapdragons, the offspring produce pink flowers. This is an example of:

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

codominance

d)

polygenic inheritance

e)

multiple alleles

83.

When red cows are crossed with white cow, the offspring have a mix of red hair and white hair. These cows are called roan. This is an example of:

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

codominance

d)

polygenic inheritance

e)

multiple alleles

84.

This flower is produced by crossing a pink-flowering plant and a white-flowering plant. This is an example of:

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

codominance

d)

polygenic inheritance

e)

multiple alleles

85.

If a dark brown horse and a white horse are bred, the offspring are palomino (tan). This is an example of:

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

codominance

d)

polygenic inheritance

e)

multiple alleles

86.
If two parents are heterozygous for type A blood, what is the probability that their offspring would have type O blood?
a)
100 %
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
87.
What goes in box 3
a)
Aabb
b)
AABB
c)
AAbb
d)
aaBb
88.
Cross Two Homozygous plants
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r  = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%

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