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Biology 20 Unit A Review

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 5hrs 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Bacteria and fungi typically serve what role in an ecosystem?
a)
herbivore
b)
carnivore
c)
omnivore
d)
decomposer
2.

In a food chain or food web, what do the arrows point towards?

a)

the plants

b)

the animals

c)

the organism that gets the energy

d)

the organism that lives the longest

3.

Which of the following best describes the deer's role in this food web?

a)
herbivore
b)
omnivore
c)
carnivore
d)
decomposer
4.

Which of the following best describes the wolf's role in this food web?

a)
herbivore
b)
omnivore
c)
carnivore
d)
decomposer
5.

What does a primary consumer eat?

a)

tertiary consumers

b)

secondary consumers

c)

producers

d)

decomposers

6.

What would most likely happen in the short term if you removed a primary consumer from the ecosystem?

a)
There would be more food for secondary consumers.
b)
The number of primary consumers would increase.
c)

The number of producers would increase.

d)
The number of secondary consumers would increase.
7.
All energy on Earth ultimately comes from what source?
a)
Water
b)
Sun
c)
Consumers
d)
Oxygen
8.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
9.
An organism that uses sunlight to create its own food is known as a:
a)
Producer
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Decomposer
10.
What does a food chain represent?
a)
How all living organisms within a habitat are connected.
b)
All of the things that a particular animal eats.
c)
How plants create their own food.
d)
A single path of energy transfer within a habitat.
11.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
12.
What is a trophic level?
a)
Each level represented within a food chain or web.
b)
Levels of ecosystems that the world is divided into.
c)
Different levels of nutrients present within an organism.
d)
The levels of sunlight an autotroph needs to survive. 
13.
Albedo can best be described as...
a)
the temperature at the equator
b)
the amount of solar radiation absorbed
c)
the amount of solar radiation reflected
d)
the air pressure during El Nino
14.

What is a similarity between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis?

a)

Photosynthesis doesn't use light and chemosynthesis does

b)

Photosynthesis makes sugar and chemosynthesis doesn't

c)

Photosynthesis uses light and chemosynthesis doesn't

d)

Photosynthesis doesn't make sugar and chemosynthesis does

15.
What is a similarity between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis?
a)
Both are metabolic processes which produce energy for living things
b)
Both use sunlight
c)

Both are carried out by green plants

d)

Both produce carbon dioxide

16.

What % of energy is transfered up trophic levels?

a)

1%

b)

10%

c)

100%

d)

1000%

17.

In the energy pyramid pictured here, which organism has the LEAST amount of energy available to it?

a)

Producer

b)

Herbivore

c)

Carnivore

d)

Top Predator

18.

In the energy pyramid pictured here, if the producers generate 100 units of energy, how much of that energy would be passed on to the herbivores?

a)

100 units

b)

50 units

c)

10 units

d)

1 unit

19.

For a pyramid of numbers, the width of the bar shows the __________ of organisms present in each trophic level at a particular time. 

a)
number
b)
biomass
c)
energy
d)
volume
20.

Which of the following diagrams shows the correct pyramid of numbers for this food chain?

a)
A
b)
B
21.

Which of the following diagrams shows the correct pyramid of biomass for this food chain?

a)
A
b)
B
22.

The diagram represents a pyramid of energy in an ecosystem.  Which level would most likely contain organisms that carry out photosynthesis?

a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
23.

A network of feeding interactions that shows all the interrelated food chains in an ecosystem is a:

a)

trophic level

b)

food web

c)

pyramid of biomass

d)

pyramid of numbers

24.

Each step or level in a food chain or web is known as a:

a)

trophic level

b)

food web

c)

pyramid of biomass

d)

pyramid of numbers

25.

A ecological pyramid model that shows the amount of living organic matter or tissue available at each trophic level.

a)

trophic level

b)

pyramid of energy

c)

pyramid of biomass

d)

pyramid of numbers

26.

Which is NOT a food chain in this food web?

a)

carrot --> rabbit --> fox

b)

grasses --> grasshopper --> owl

c)

bird --> grasshopper --> grains --> owl

d)

grains --> mice --> owl

e)

grasses --> grasshopper --> bird --> fox

27.

Material derived from living things is known as:

a)

biomass

b)

matter

c)

energy

d)

nutrients

28.

An organism that consumes only plants is a:

a)

Carnivore

b)

Omnivore

c)

Herbivore

d)

Producer

29.
What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
combustion
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
decomposition
30.
This process is responsible for most environmental problems of excess nitrogen and phosphorus entering streams, lakes and oceans.
a)
decomposition
b)
emissions from automobiles
c)
agriculture and house hold runoff
d)
photosynthesis
31.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle
32.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle.
33.
How do animals get nitrogen?
a)
the atmosphere 
b)
eating other organisms
c)
rainwater
d)
lightning 
34.
What converts nitrogen into a useable form for plants and animals?
a)
bacteria
b)
fungi
c)
rain
35.
Which nutrient is not cycled through the atmosphere?
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorous
d)
water
36.

What cycle are fossil fuels part of?

a)

carbon

b)

oxygen

c)

nitrogen

d)

phosphorus

37.
Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere by
a)
Burning fossil fuels 
b)
Cellular respiration
c)
Decomposing organic matter
d)
All answers are correct
38.
Which is NOT a way that nitrogen compounds are added to the soil?
a)
Decay of dead organisms
b)
Denitrification
c)
Animal waste
d)
Nitrogen-fixation
39.

Which is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?

a)

hydrogen

b)

oxygen

c)

helium

d)

nitrogen

40.
Where is most water found on Earth?
a)
glaciers
b)
lakes
c)
rivers
d)
oceans
41.
What is nitrogen fixation?
a)
A process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms activities.
b)
A process in which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia
c)
A process in which bacteria breakdown nitrates in the soil and nitrogen is released into the atmosphere
d)
The conversion of light energy, water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. 
42.
Attractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are called
a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Ionic bonds
c)
Polar bonds
d)
Hydrogen bonds
43.
Why does ice float?
a)
As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.
b)
As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
c)
As water freezes, air becomes trapped between the hydrogen bonds of water molecules.
d)
As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
44.
Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?
a)
the oxygen end
b)
the hydrogen end
c)
both ends are slightly positive
d)
neither end is positive
45.
Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?
a)
Water is an acid.
b)
Water is a versatile solvent.
c)
Water has a high heat capacity.
d)
 Water acts as a buffer.
46.
Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?
a)

Ice is colder than liquid water.

b)
Ice is less dense than liquid water.
c)
Ice is more dense than liquid water.
d)
Ice is warmer than liquid water.
47.
 Many fish and aquatic plants can survive a cold winter because the layer of ice that forms at the top of the lake insulates the water below and prevents the lake from freezing solid. What unique property of water contributes to this effect? 
a)
Water absorbs heat when it evaporates and forms a gas 
b)
 Water expands and becomes less dense when it freezes.
c)
Water molecules completely separate into ions in solutions.
d)
 Water forms hydrogen bonds with ions and other polar substances. 
48.

The ability of water molecules to stick to each other, creating surface tension is called:

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Specific heat capacity

d)

pH

49.

The ability of water molecules to stick to other substances is called:

a)

pH

b)

Adhesion

c)

Cohesion

d)

Insulation

50.

Which gas was missing from the Earth's atmosphere 3.5 billion years ago?

a)

N2

b)

CO2

c)

O2

d)

CH4

51.

The oxygen that first entered Earth's atmosphere was produced mainly by

a)

chemosynthesis

b)

plants

c)

cyanobacteria

52.
The process of plants losing water through their leaves is called ____.
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
transpiration
d)
exhaling
53.

Why do living things need nitrogen?

a)

To get energy

b)

To make amino acids

c)

To make proteins

d)

To make proteins and DNA /RNA

54.
What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
combustion
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
decomposition
55.
Where is carbon stored in the environment?
a)
Fossil fuels
b)
Wood of trees
c)
Calcium carbonate (shells and bones)
d)
All of the above
56.
What converts nitrogen into a useable form for plants and animals?
a)
bacteria
b)
fungi
c)
rain
57.
Which nutrient is not cycled through the atmosphere?
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorous
d)
water
58.

According to the diagram, geologic activity, such as volcanoes,

a)

Increases the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

b)

Decreases the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

59.

Decomposition is part of all cycles except _______

a)

the carbon cycle

b)

the nitrogen cycle

c)

the water cycle

d)

the phosphorus cycle

60.
How do animals get nitrogen?
a)
the atmosphere 
b)
eating other organisms
c)
rainwater
d)
lightning 
61.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
62.

Match the following prefixes and words to their definition.

a)

Living or life

1.

Bio

b)

Rocks or dirt

2.

Geo

c)

elements, compounds, and molecules

3.

Chemical

d)

A process that begins and ends in the same place

4.

Cycle

63.

Coal, natural gas, and oil are examples of _________

a)

the carbon cycle

b)

products of photosynthesis

c)

good fuels for barbecues

d)

fossil fuels

64.

Nitrogen is an essential ingredient in _______ (choose 2)

a)

carbohydrates

b)

proteins

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acid

65.

Which describes the relationship between plants and animals in the carbon cycle?

a)

Plants produce and release oxygen that animals need

b)

Plants produce and release carbon dioxide that animals need

c)

Animals produce and release oxygen that plants need

d)

Animals produce oxygen that plants turn into carbon dioxide

66.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
67.
In what process is Carbon transformed into chemical energy?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Respiration
c)
Primary Production
d)
Secondary Production
68.
What is happening at 1?
a)
respiration: releasing CO2
b)
decomposing CO2 in the soil
c)
photosynthesis: absorbing CO2
d)
turning CO2 from the atmosphere into organic molecules
69.

What process is part of the hydrological (water) cycle?

a)

transpiration

b)

nitrification

c)

combustion

d)

sedimentation

70.
If the process of evaporation was unable to occur on Earth, what would we expect to happen?
a)
An increase in ocean levels and an increase in precipitation
b)
An increase in ocean levels and an decrease in precipitation
c)
An decrease in ocean levels and an increase in precipitation
d)
An decrease in ocean levels and an decrease in precipitation
71.
Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere by
a)
Burning fossil fuels 
b)
Cellular respiration
c)
Decomposing organic matter
d)
All answers are correct
72.

Eutrophication is caused by ​ (a)   of phosphorus and other nutrients causing a ​ (b)   of algae, which in turn ​ (c)   ​oxygen levels in bodies of water, and eventually ​ (d)   of the community of organisms due to lack of oxygen supply.​

Choose from the below words
increase
decrease
73.
Question Image

Match the following description to the name of the process.

a)

condensation

1.

clouds

b)

evaporation

2.

water vapor

c)

precipitation

3.

rain, snow, sleet

d)

transpiration

4.

evaporation of water in plants

74.

Which of the following makes up a molecule of water?

a)

one atom of oxygen, two atoms of hydrogen

b)

one atom of hydrogen, two atoms of oxygen

c)

one atom of chlorine, one atom of sodium

d)

one atom of hydrogen, one atom of oxygen

75.

Ice floats on water because

a)

adhesion

b)

cohesion

c)

water expands when it freezes

d)

water shrinks when it freezes

76.

A water strider can skate along the top of a pond because....

a)

covalent bonds result in water cohesion (surface tension)

b)

hydrogen bonds result in water cohesion (surface tension)

c)

water striders have adapted to become lighter than water

d)

low surface tension of water

77.

Attractions between water molecules are called ....

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Polar bonds

d)

Hydrogen bonds

78.
The attraction that causes water and other liquids to form drops on thin films is called ________________. This is also water’s ability to be attraction to other water molecules.
a)
adhesion
b)
capillary action
c)
cohesion
d)
surface tension
79.
Water is polar because...
a)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.
b)
The molecule has two poles, at which the it is colder than other regions of the molecule.
c)
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its hydrogen atoms and a slight positive charge near its oxygen atom.
d)
The water molecule is neutral.
80.
A bond created by the weak attraction of a slightly positive hydrogen atom to a slightly negative portion of another molecule is called ..........
a)
polar molecule
b)
solution
c)
adhesion
d)
hydrogen bond
81.
A molecule in which opposite ends have opposite electric charges is called .....
a)
cohesion
b)
polar molecule
c)
hydrogen bond
d)
solution
82.

Which of the following is NOT a source of nitrates and phosphates into a river?

a)

Fertilizers

b)

Animal waste

c)

Wastewater

d)

Burning fossil fuels

83.

What can be a source of nitrates for eutrophication in rivers?

a)

fertilisers

b)

plastic bottles

c)

paper

d)

sewage

84.

In eutrophication, what directly causes the death of fish?

a)

The plants use up oxygen in respiration

b)

The fish are poisoned by high CO2 levels

c)

Bacteria use up oxygen in respiration

d)

The fish use up oxygen in respiration

85.

In eutrophication, what does 'algal bloom' refer to?

a)

The rapid increase in the number of bacteria

b)

The rapid increase in the number of plants

c)

The rapid decrease in the number of fish

d)

The rapid increase in the amount of nitrates in the river

86.

How does eutrophication cause the death of aquatic organisms

a)

the build up of carbon dioxide in the water

b)

the lack of nitrogen in the water

c)

the lack of carbon dioxide in the water

d)

the lack of oxygen in the water

87.

The two critical nutrients in eutrophication are... (select two)

a)

nitrates

b)

phosphates

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

dissolved oxygen

88.

In eutrophication, dissolved oxygen levels decrease because

a)

bacteria use it as they decompose organic material

b)

algae uses it during photosynthesis

c)

it reacts with hydrogen to form H2O (water)

d)

fish use it up as they consume algae

89.

Resources that exist without human intervention

a)

Nonrenewable

b)

Limited resources

c)

Geoscience process

d)

Renewable

e)

Natural Resources

90.

A resource that cannot be replaced in a human lifetime

a)

Nonrenewable

b)

Limited resources

c)

Geoscience process

d)

Renewable

e)

Natural resources

91.

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

a)

A federal law that requires all houses to have a greenhouse in their yard

b)

Explains how the atmosphere protects the Earth

c)

The way certain gases, like water vapor and carbon dioxide absorb and reradiate energy from the sun

d)

Explains how plants grow better inside than outside

92.

Organisms that produce their own food mostly through photosynthesis (producers). Examples are plants and algae.

a)

Ominvore

b)

Detritivore

c)

Heterotroph

d)

Autotroph

93.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Herbivore

1.

Eats plants

b)

Omnivore

2.

Eats plants & animals

c)

Carnivore

3.

Eats animals

d)

Primary Consumer

4.

Herbivore

e)

Secondary Consumer

5.

Carnivore/Omnivore

94.

Reorder the following based on trophic levels, starting from the level with the most energy:

a)

grass

b)

insect

c)

frog

d)

snake

e)

hawk

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
95.

Reorder the following based on trophic levels, starting from the level with the most energy:

a)

primary producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

tertiary consumers

e)

quaternary consumers

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
96.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse

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