What is found in the medullary cavities of long bones and in spongy bones?

muscles act on bones to create...

bones of limbs, hips and backbone support what?

bones are used as storage for what 2 things?

Ca + P, fat in ....

blood cell formation is known as ...

Two Divisions of the skeleton

how many bones does the adult skeleton have ?

Bones, joints, cartilages and ligaments are all part of the....

-80% of skeletal weight is a result of this bone

forms outer surface of bone and shaft of long bone.

-it is stiffer, stronger and harder than other bone

Type of bone

-many open spaces

-loosely packed tissue , softer and weaker and less stiff

Trabeculae contains _________ where hematopoiesis takes place

Found in short, flat, irregular bones as well as the ends of long bones

Bone Matrix is

25% water

25% collagen

50% minerals

articulation

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF BONE

-cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes)

-arranged in concentric rings

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF BONE

-rings around the central canal

-sites of lacunae

Which 3 substances are deposited in the matrix and make bone hard

There are 3 types of bone cells

Which is described:

-mature bone cell that takes up nutrients, gets rid of waste, create ATP and communicate with other cells of its kind.

mature bone cell

1 of 3 types of bone cells...

-mature

-gets rid of wastes

-makes ATP

1 of 3 types of bone cells:

BONE FORMING CELL

which 1 of 3 types of bone cells is described :

-produce collagen then take up minerals to deposit to the matrix

-important for bone growth and repair

-bone forming cells

which one of 3 bone cells is important for growth and repair?

Which 1 of 3 bone cells is this :

-bone destroying cells

-break down bone matrix for remodeling

-liberate calcium, phosphates, and magnesium for other cells such as muscle or neuron

1 of 3 cells:

The bone destroying cell

1 of 3 types of bone cells:

Breaks down bone matrix for remodeling

When does the skeletal system begin to form?

cartilaginous cells :

break down cartilage

cells that make or form cartilage

Bones continue to grow, so long as there are ________ in the epiphyseal stage.

This is why adults bones stop growing, because these cells are no longer being formed.

____________ near periosteum create compact bone.

1 of 2 types of osseous tissue:

-dense and smooth

-"homogenous"

-outer layer

1 of 2 types of osseous tissue (either compact bone or spongy bone)

-many open surfaces

-heterogeneous

-inner layer

The homogeneous type of osseous tissue:

The "heterogeneous" type of osseous tissue:

Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) occurs in bone marrow in cavities of some bones

TYPES OF BONES BASED ON SHAPE

-typically longer than wide

-have a shaft with heads at both ends

I contain mostly compact bone and a small amount of spongy bone.

I make the femur, humerus, phalanges, radius, ulna, tibia, fibula, etc.

(basically all bones of the limbs except wrist, ankle and kneecaps)

1 of 4 types of bones based on shape:

-geerally cube shaped

1 of 4 types of bones (based on shape):

-contain mostly spongy bone, covered in compact bone

-carpals and tarsals,

sesamoid bones are a type of _______ bone that for within tendons

(ex. patella - the kneecap)

8 Carpals (wrists)

&

7 Tarsals (ankle)

1 of 4 types of bones (based on shape):

-thin, flattened and usually curved

-cranial bones, ribs, sternum, scapula

A type of flat bone with 2 thin layers of compact bone surrounding a layer of spongy bone

1 of 4 types of bones (based on shape):

-vertebrae

-hip bones

-ethmoid and sphenoid

-many facial bones

2 types of skeleton

1. Axial Skeleton

2. Appendicular skeleton

1 of the 2 types of skeleton which 3 parts include

1-skull

2-vertebral column

3. bony thorax (rib cage or thoracic cage )

- also icludes the hyoid and the 6 auditory canals

1 of the 2 skeletons (axial or appendicular)

-the bone and cartilaginous parts that

form the longitudinal part of the body

-supports and protect organs of head,

neck and trunk

1 of 2 parts of skeletal:

skull- vertebral column- bony thorax (ribcage)

There are 8 ______ bones that enclose the brain

There are 14 of these bones:

-all are paired except vomer and mandible

-hold eyes in the anterior position

-allow facial muscles to express feelings

How many bones make up the the entire skull?

How many bones in the cranial ?

There are 8 bones of the Cranial

1- Frontal

2 & 3- Parietal (paired)

4 & 5 - Occipital (paired)

6- Temporal

7- sphenoid

8- ethmoid

I am part of the axial skeleton, and a facial bone(s)

- i have 2 bones fused medially to the upper jaw

-i form the joint with teeth

what bone(s) am I?

The Skull - Facial Bones

-2 bones forming posterior hard palate, floor and lateral wall of orbit

The Skull - Facial Bones

2 bones that are part of lateral wall of orbit, also possess passageway of lacrimal duct

The Skull - Facial Bones

2 long, thin, rectangular bones fused at the midline to form the bridge of the nose

The Skull - Facial Bones

NOT PAIRED (remember.. only 2 of the facial bones are not paired)

1 thin flat bone along the midline that joins with the ethmoid to form the nasal septum

The Skull - The Facial Bones

2 thin, fragile bones that like the superior and intermediate conchae of the ethnoid help to support mucous membrane of the nasal cavity

The Skull -Facial Bones

NOT PAIRED !!!

-one irregularly shaped bone

THE ONLY MOVEABLE BONE

articulates with the temporal bone

forms joints with teeth

The Skull - Facial Bones

2 bones form the cheeks, and floor and lateral wall of orbit

Which 2 Facial Bones of the Skull are not paired?

The Axial Skeleton- The Vertebral Column

The Cervical Curvature has 7 Vertebrae, C₁- C₇

C₁ is called ....

The Axial Skeleton- The Vertebral Column

The Cervical Curvature has 7 Vertebrae, C₁- C₇

C₂ is called the ..

The Axial Skeleton- The Vertebral Column

Thoracic Curvature has 12 vertebrae, T_1- T₁₂

The Thoracic Curvature is considered to be

CONCAVE OR CONVEX?

The Axial Skeleton - Vertebral Column

The Cervical Curvature (C_1-C₇) is which of these...

The Axial Skeleton - Vertebral Column

which of these curvatures is attached to the ribs ?

The Axial Skeleton- Vertebral Column

Which Curvature is labelled L1-L5

Lumbar Curvature of the vertebral Column is L1- L5

and is also

The Axial Skeleton - The Vertebral Column

Sacral and Thoracic are both this:

The Axial Skeleton - The Vertebral Column

The Cervical and Lumbar Curvature are both this:

I provide axial support. I extend from the skull to the pelvis.

What am I?

I have 26 single vertebral Bones separated by intervertebral discs

The Axial Skeleton - The Bony Thorax

consists of 3 parts:

1- sternum

2- ribs

3- thoracic vertebrae

which 1 of these 3 parts consists of the manubrium, body, and the xiphoid process

The Appendicular Skeleton

Composed of 126 bones

THE SHOULDER GIRDLE (shoulder blades)

The Appendicular Skeleton

Composed of 126 bones

LIMBS

The Appendicular Skeleton

Composed of 126 bones

HIPS OR PELVIS

The Axial Skeleton: Bony Thorax

TRUE RIBS

The Axial Skeleton: Bony Thorax

FALSE RIBS

The Axial Skeleton: Bony Thorax

FLOATING RIBS

THE PECTORAL (shoulder Girdle)

-collarbone

-articulate laterally with the acromion and medially with the manubrium

The Pectoral (shoulder) Girdle

Composed of two bones, which one is this?

- the shoulder blade

- flat bones that articulate with the upper posterior ribs

-the upper forms a socket (glenoid cavity) that articulates with the humerus

There are two of these types of bones that allow the upper limb to have exceptional movement !!!

BONES OF THE UPPER LIMBS

The Upper arm is formed by a single bone

Bones Of The Upper Limbs

Head articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula

Bones Of The Upper Limbs

-trochlea and capitulum articulate with the bones of the forearm

BONES OF THE UPPER LIMB: FOREARM (2)

1. Ulna

2. Radius

medial is :

BONES OF THE UPPER LIMB: FOREARM (2)

1. Ulna

2. Radius

which one is lateral?

BONES OF THE HAND:

-wrist, 8 short bones arranged in two rows

Bones of the Upper Limb: Forearm

Proximal end articulation

-coronoid process and olecrano articulate with the humerus

Bones of the Upper Arm: Forearm

Proximal end articulation

-Head articulates with the capitulum of the humerus

Bones of the Upper Limb: The hand

8 short bones arranged arranged in 2 rows

Bones of the Upper Limb: The hand

5 long bones

Bones of the Upper Limb: The hand

14 bones in each hand

-3 in each finger

- 2 in the thumb

Bones of the Pelvic Girdle:

How many Coxal Bones (hip bones) are there?

Bones of the Pelvic Girdle:

1. Ileum

2. Ischium

3. Pubic

Parts of the Coxal Bones

The 2 Coxal (hip Bones) that are part of the pelvic Girdle

protect several organs such...

- reproductive organs

- urinary bladder

- parts of the large intestine

Bones of the Lower Limbs:

The only "thigh bone"

- the heaviest and strongest bone in the body

Lower leg has two bones

1. Tibia

2. Fibula

which one is known as the "shin bone"?

its the load-bearing bone

medial and lateral condyles at proximal end articulates with the femur to form the knee joint

Lower leg has 2 bones:

1- tibia = medial

2- fibula = lateral

-thin and sticklike

-has no role in forming knee joint

-proximal end articulates to the proximal tibia

The Tibia (shin bone) load bearing bone

Fibula - thin and sticklike

Bones of the Lower Limbs: The Foot

which one has 14 bones?

Bones of the Lower Limbs: The Foot

which one has 5 bones?

Bones of the Lower Limbs: The Foot

which one has only 7 bones?

TALUS & CALCANEUM ARE THE LARGEST BONES!!!!

part of what?

any place in a skeleton where 2 or more bones meet

Functions of A ______

1. hold bones together

2. Allow for mobility

Functional Classifications of Joints:

1- synarthrosis

2- ambiarthrosis

3- diarthrosis

which one is IMMOVABLE

?

Functional Classifications of Joints:

IMMOVABLE

Functional Classifications of Joints:

slightly movable

Functional Classifications of Joints:

Ambiarthrosis

Functional Classifications of Joints:

freely movable

Functional Classifications of Joints:

diarthrosis

Anatomical Classifications of Joints:

-generally immovable or slightly moveable

-thin layer of dense connective tissue joins the bones

Anatomical Classifications of Joints:

-immovable

- joints held together by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage

Anatomical Classifications of Joints:

-freely moveable

-much more complex structurally

Anatomical Classifications of Joints:

-immobile

ex. skull joints

Anatomical Classifications of Joints:

distal end of tibia and fibula (tibiofibular joint)

Anatomical Classifications of Joints:

- there is some movement within this joint

ex joint between a tooth and alveolar process of the jaws: dentoalveolar joint

bones connected by cartilage resulting in little or no movement

pubic symphasis and intervertebral joints are both fibrocartilage... which joint type are they ?

bones are separated by a cavity within which is synovial fluid

These are 4 features of which of the 3 kinds of joints?

1- articular cartilage (hyaline) covers ends of bones

2- fibrous articular capsule encloses joint surfaces

3- joint cavity is filled with fluid (similar to plasma)

4- Ligaments reinforce this joint.

joins bone to bone

There are 6 types of Synovial Joints

1- ball and socket

2-pivot

3- gliding/ planar

4- hinge

5- condyloid

6-saddle

WHICH ONE IS THE SPHEROIDAL JOINT?

WHICH OF THE 6 TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINTS IS THIS ONE?

one bone has a ball shaped surface (head) which fits into the concave depression of another bone allowing maximum movement (multiaxial)

Of the 6 synovial joints which one is the ellipsoidal joint?

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

humerus & scapula

femur & Ilium

SYNOVIAL JOINTS

radioulnar joint

atlanto-axial joint

1of 6 synovial joints

- carpals in writ

- tarsals in ankles

-acromioclavicular joint

1 of 6 of the synovial joints, includes:

ulna &humerus, femur & tibia, the ankle, interphalangeal joints

1- ball and socket

2- pivot

3- gliding plane

4- hinge

5- condyloid

6- saddle

which one of six synovial joints is this?

metacarpophalangeal joint?

FEMUR AND HUMERUS, AND METACARPAL AND RADIUS ARE WHICH TYPE OF BONE?

CALCANEUS IS WHICH TYPE OF BONE?

FRONTAL IS WHICH TYPE OF BONE?

THE MANDIBLE AND VERTEBRA ARE WHAT TYPE OF BONE?

Site of spongy bone in the adult

Site of compact bone in adult

-also scientific name for bone shaft

site of hematopoiesis in an adult

site for fat storage in adult

site for longitudinal growth in a child

skeletal muscles are attached to bones by

bones that develop within tendons, often due to friction, stress or tension.

purpose is to reinforce and decrease stress on that tendon.

ANATOMY OF LONG BONE

- most of the length of the bone

-the shaft

-compact bone

-covered by periosteum

ANATOMY OF LONG BONE

- contains yellow bone marrow in adults and red marrow in infants

-cavity in the diaphysis

ANATOMY OF LONG BONE

- hyaline cartilage

-decreases friction at joint surfaces

-involved in bone growth

THE AXIAL SKELETON

cranium consists of 8 bones

which is the forehead and superior eye socket ?

THE AXIAL SKELETON

cranium consists of 8 bones:

which one is paired, and is superior, lateral walls of cranium?

THE AXIAL SKELETON

cranium consists of 8 bones:

Which one is the back of the head?

THE AXIAL SKELETON

cranium consists of 8 bones:

which one is the floor of the cranial cavity (brain sits on top)

THE AXIAL SKELETON

cranium consists of 8 bones:

which one is the roof of the nasal cavity,

part of the medial walls of eye sockets?

part of axial skeleton

-upper jaw

-anterior hard palate

Part of the Axial skeleton

-posterior hard palate

-paired

nasal septum

lower jaw

For Facial Bones of the Axial skeleton

Virgil Can Not Make My Pet Zebra Laugh

got it? remember this ok?

The Hyoid Bone:

(select all that are true)

Sternum, ribs and thoracic vertebrae are all part of the....

-commonly known as the breast bone

-consists of manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

-12 bones on each side

part of bony thorax in the axial skeleton

pectoral girdle

the arms and legs

The pectoral (shoulder) girdle has 2 bones:

which is collar bone ?

The Pectoral (shoulder) Girdle has 2 bones:

which is the scapula ?

Pelvic Girdle

Your entire body rests on the Pelvic Girdle.

It protects several organs such as

1- reproductive organs

2- urinary bladder

3- part of the large intestine

Upper Appendages:

The upper arm is formed by a single bone

The Forearm has 2 bones

1. Ulna = medial

2. Radius = lateral

Fibrous Joints - Bones united by fibrous tissue

SKULL JOINTS

Pubic Symphysis and Intervertebral Joints are:

fluid inside joint cavity