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PQ: Unit 1

Total questions: 78

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The image below shows a polymer of glucose molecules. What type of macromolecule is this?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
lipid
d)
nucleic acid
2.
An unknown molecule contains a sugar and a phosphate group. It is likely what?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
lipid
d)
nucleic acid
3.
Larger polymers are formed when monomers are joined together by a _______ reaction.
a)
dehydration synthesis
b)
digestion
c)
hydrolysis
d)
redox
4.
What is the ratio carbon:hydrogen:oxygen in carbohydrates?
a)
1:1:1
b)
1:2:1
c)
2:1:1
d)
2:1:2
5.
Which of the macromolecules contain nitrogen?
a)
proteins only
b)
nucleic acids only
c)
proteins and lipids
d)
nucleic acids and proteins
6.
What is the function of fats for living organisms?
a)
short term energy storage
b)
store hereditary information
c)
long term energy storage
d)
catalyze metabolic reactions
7.
Identify the macromolecule in the image below.
a)
carbohydrate
b)
nucleic acid
c)
protein
d)
lipid
8.
How are the subunits of proteins linked together?
a)
ionic bonds
b)
amino acids
c)
monomers
d)
peptide bonds
9.
Which statement about polymers is not true?
a)
polymers consist of more than one type of monomer
b)
polymers are broken down through hydrolysis
c)
polymers are synthesized through dehydration synthesis
d)
All are untrue
10.
The image depicts which level of structure in proteins?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quaternary
11.
Which 4 elements make up most of all living matter?
a)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen
b)
Carbon, Oxygen, Sodium, Potassium
c)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Calcium, Nitrogen
d)
Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur
12.
Which of the following is NOT involved in capillary action in plants?
a)

Capillary action

b)
Adhesion
c)
Cohesion
d)
pH
13.
Which type of lipid forms the primary structure of the cell membrane?
a)
triglycerides
b)
wax
c)
cholesterol
d)
phospholipid
14.

A covalent bond occurs when electrons are ________________ by two atoms.

a)

divided

b)

shared

c)

moved

d)

energized

15.

The two types of fatty acids are _______________ and _________________.

a)

trans-saturated

b)

saturated

c)

unsaturated

d)

cis-saturated

16.

Water is a polar molecule because

a)

it has two opposite poles/ends

b)

because it cannot be found in polar regions

c)

it has two poles with the same charge

d)

of the unequal sharing of electrons

17.
Why can water have no net charge but have slight charges in different parts of the molecule?
a)
The oxygen end is slightly negative and the hydrogen end is slightly positive
b)
The hydrogen end is slightly negative and the oxygen end is slightly positive
c)
The hydrogen and oxygen ends change in polarity
d)
Because it is hydrophobic
18.

Which macromolecule is shown?

a)

lipid

b)

protein

c)

nucleic acid

d)

carbohydrate

19.

Attractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are called

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Hydrogen bonds

d)

Polar bonds

20.

If you are making Kool-aid with sugar, Kool-aid powder, and water....which part is the solvent? (does the dissolving)

a)

powder

b)

water

c)

sugar

21.

Hydrophilic substances are also considered

a)

nonpolar

b)

polar

22.

Hydrophobic substances are also considered

a)

nonpolar

b)

polar

23.

which of the following terms refers to the order in which amino acids are linked together in a protein.

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

24.

The entire polypeptide forms a three-dimensional structure

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

25.

Two or more polypeptides coming together to form a mature protein is part of the _________________________ structure of proteins.

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quaternary

26.

The polypeptide backbone folding into three-dimensional shapes such as alpha helix and beta sheets due to hydrogen bonding between adjacent amino acid is part of a protein's ________________structure.

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quaternary

27.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
28.

The tremendous variation and unique properties of proteins are most likely the result of

a)

interactions between R groups of the amino acids

b)

hydrogen bonds linking amino acids

c)

the utilization of hundreds of different amino acids in the primary structure of the protein

d)

peptide bonds linking amino and carboxyl groups

29.

A globular blood protein that transports vitamin A is 127 amino acids long. How many water molecules were produced in the synthesis of the protein, and by what chemical process were the amino acids joined together?

a)

127; hydrolysis

b)

127; dehydration

c)

126; hydrolysis

d)

126; dehydration

30.

If three molecules of a fatty acid, each of which has the formula C16H22O2 are joined to a molecule of glycerol (C3H8O3), what chemical formula would the resulting molecule have?

a)

C51H68O6

b)

C48H68O6

c)

C51H60O6

31.

Which macromolecules may have phosphorus?

a)

lipids/fats

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

32.

Describe the orientation of phospholipids in the membrane

a)

Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophilic heads on exterior

b)

Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophilic head on extracellular

c)

Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophobic tails on exterior

d)

Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophobic tails on extracellular

33.

What element(s) are in carbohydrates?

a)

carbon/hydrogen

b)

oxygen

c)

phosphorus

d)

nitrogen

e)

sulfur

34.

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

a)

glucose

b)

maltose

c)

lactose

d)

sucrose

35.

Which of the following describe the process involved in metabolizing carbohydrates?

a)

During hydrolysis, a water molecule is added to break the bond between the monosaccharide and the polysaccharide chain.

b)

During hydrolysis, a water molecule is removed to break the bond between the monosaccharide and the polysaccharide chain.

c)

During dehydration, a water molecule is removed to break the bond between the monosaccharide and the polysaccharide chain.

d)

During dehydration, a water molecule is added to break the bond between the monosaccharide and the polysaccharide chain.

36.

If two glucose (C6H12O6) molecules undergo a dehydration reaction, which of the following represents the chemical formulas for the product(s)?

a)

2 C6H12O6

b)

C12H24O12

c)

C12H22O11 + H2O

d)

C12H24O12 + H2O

37.

Which of the following element(s) are found in nucleic acids?

a)

carbon/hydrogen

b)

oxygen

c)

phosphorus

d)

nitrogen

e)

sulfur

38.

Which of the following is the monomer of a nucleic acid?

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Monosaccharide

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Nitrogenous Base

39.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three groups comprising the nucleotide?

a)

R group

b)

phosphate

c)

nitrogenous base

d)

pentose sugar

40.

Which of the following describes the difference between a purine and a pyrimidine?

a)

Purines are single ring structures while pyrimidines are double ring structures.

b)

Pyrimidines are single ring structures while purines are double ring structures.

c)

Purines are composed of single bonds while pyrimidines are composed of double bonds.

d)

Pyrimidines are composed of single bonds while purines are composed of double bonds.

41.

Which of the following are purines?

a)

adenine

b)

cytosine

c)

guanine

d)

thymine

e)

uracil

42.

Which of the following are pyrimidines?

a)

adenine

b)

cytosine

c)

guanine

d)

thymine

e)

uracil

43.

Which of the following describes the base pairing and bonding involved with nitrogenous bases?

a)

Adenine binds with Cytosine with 2 hydrogen bonds

b)

Adenine binds with Thymine with 2 hydrogen bonds

c)

Adenine binds with Guanine with 3 hydrogen bonds

d)

Adenine binds with Uracil with 3 hydrogen bonds

44.

Which of the following describes a DNA strand that would be most stable at high temperatures?

a)

25% A/T and 75% C/G

b)

50% A/T and 50% C/G

c)

75% A/T and 25% C/G

d)

100% A/T and 0% C/G

45.

If a researcher investigating a RNA strand discovers it contains 36% uracil, which of the following identifies the amount of cytosine?

a)

14%

b)

28%

c)

64%

d)

cannot be determined

46.

Which of the following describes the directionality of nucleic acids?

a)

5' end has a hydroxyl and 3' end has a phosphate

b)

5' end has a phosphate and 3' end has a hydroxyl

c)

5' end has an amino group and 3' end has a carboxyl group

d)

5' end has a carboxyl group and 3' end has a amino group

47.

Which of the following element(s) are found in lipids?

a)

carbon/hydrogen

b)

oxygen

c)

phosphorus

d)

nitrogen

e)

sulfur

48.

Which of the following is not a lipid?

a)

steroid

b)

fat

c)

lipase

d)

phospholipid

49.

Phospholipids are amphipathic. Which of the following describes how that term applies to phospholipids?

a)

The phosphate group is nonpolar and the fatty acids are polar.

b)

The phosphate group is polar and the fatty acids are nonpolar.

c)

The phosphate group can amplify signal transduction by phosphorylating signaling molecules.

d)

The fatty acids can amplify signal transduction by phosphorylating signaling molecules.

50.

Which of the following describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

a)

Saturated fatty acids are more polar than unsaturated fatty acids.

b)

Unsaturated fatty acids are polar than saturated fatty acids.

c)

Saturated fatty acids have more double bonds than unsaturated fatty acids.

d)

Unsaturated fatty acids have more double bonds than saturated fatty acids.

51.

Which of the following describes the process to add a fatty acid to the glycerol in a triglyceride?

a)

This is a dehydration reaction leading to water lost.

b)

This is a hydrolysis reaction leading to water lost.

c)

This is a dehydration reaction leading to water used.

d)

This is a hydrolysis reaction leading to water used.

52.

Which of the following describes why lipids are hydrophobic?

a)

Lipids are composed mostly of hydrocarbons which is nonpolar.

b)

Lipids have hydrogen bonds that repel the hydrogen bonds in water.

c)

Lipids have more neutrons on their atoms making the compound neutral.

d)

Lipids are gaseous materials that do not dissolve in water.

53.

Which of the following does not result from hydrogen bonding in water molecules?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Surface Tension

d)

Dissolving fats

54.

Why is water considered polar?

a)

Nonpolar covalent bonds in structure

b)

Ionic bonds in structure

c)

Polar covalent bonds in structure

d)

Hydrophobic interaction in structure

55.

Which macromolecule(s) have nitrogen?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Nucleic Acids & Proteins

56.

Which macromolecule(s) have phosphorus?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Fats

57.

Which macromolecule(s) have sulfur?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Fats

58.

Describes the forming of a bond between monomers with the removal of a water molecule.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration

59.

Describes the breaking of a bond within a polymer using water.

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Dehydration

60.

Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a nucleic acid?

a)

pentose sugar

b)

nitrogenous base

c)

phosphate

d)

amino acid

61.

Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of a protein?

a)

Amine Group

b)

R Group

c)

Carboxyl Group

d)

Nitrogenous Base

62.

Describe the orientation of the phospholipids in the membrane.

a)

Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophilic heads on exterior

b)

Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophilic head on extracellular

c)

Phospholipids orient in bilayer with hydrophobic tails on exterior

d)

Phospholipids orient in monolayer with hydrophobic tails on extracellular

63.

How is DNA/RNA synthesis directionally oriented?

a)

new nucleotides are added to 5' phosphate

b)

new nucleotides are added to 3' phosphate

c)

new nucleotides are added to 5' hydroxyl

d)

new nucleotides are added to 3' hydroxyl

64.

Identify the pairing and number of bonds in DNA double helix

a)

A pairs with T (2 bonds) & G pairs with C (3 bonds)

b)

A pairs with G (2 bonds) & T pairs with C (3 bonds)

c)

A pairs with T (3 bonds) & G pairs with C (2 bonds)

d)

A pairs with G (3 bonds) & T pairs with C (2 bonds)

65.

What component of the polypeptide is the next amino acid added forming the peptide bond?

a)

amino group

b)

hydrogen

c)

carboxyl group

d)

R groups

66.

Which protein involves R group bonding to form the final three dimensional structure?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quaternary

67.

Which protein structure involves the peptide bonds between amino acids?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quaternary

68.

DNA and RNA differ on many qualities, which of the following is NOT a difference?

a)

Sugar

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Phosphate Group

d)

Strandedness

69.

Which of the following element(s) are found in proteins?

a)

carbon/hydrogen

b)

oxygen

c)

phosphorus

d)

nitrogen

e)

sulfur

70.

Which of the following is the monomer of a protein?

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Monosaccharide

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Steroid

71.

Which of the following functional groups is found in all amino acids?

a)

amino

b)

carboxyl

c)

hydroxyl

d)

sulfhydryl

72.

Which of the following describes the dehydration reaction of two amino acids?

a)

Carboxyl group of first amino acid binds with carboxyl group of second amino acid

b)

Carboxyl group of first amino acid binds with amino group of second amino acid

c)

R group of first amino acid binds with R group of second amino acid

d)

Amino group of first amino acid binds with amino group of second amino acid

73.

Which of the following bonds is found in the secondary structure of a protein?

a)

hydrogen

b)

peptide

c)

covalent

d)

ionic

74.

Which of the following structures involves the R groups interacting in a single polypeptide?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quaternary

75.

The amino acid glutamic acid has a R group with a negative charge. During folding, which of the following describes the orientation of the R group?

a)

Exterior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophilic properties

b)

Exterior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophobic properties

c)

Interior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophobic properties

d)

Interior of protein due to negative charge providing hydrophilic properties

76.

In terms of directionality of the protein, which of the following provides naming for the side with the amino group?

a)

A - terminus

b)

C - terminus

c)

N - terminus

d)

S - terminus

77.

In terms of directionality of the protein, which of the following provides naming for the side with the carboxyl group?

a)

A - terminus

b)

C - terminus

c)

N - terminus

d)

S - terminus

78.

Which of the following identifies the number of water molecules needed to remove the amino acids from a polypeptide with 20 amino acids?

a)

19

b)

20

c)

21

d)

22

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