There are 2 main types of cells

There are only 2 kingdoms whose members contain prokaryotic cells. They are ______________________ and ____________________.

Organisms with prokaryotic cells are all _single_ celled organisms whereas eukaryotes can be either ___ celled or __celled organisms.

The parts inside of a cell which performs a specific function for the cell are known as ___.

Which of the following are characteristics of living things?

The ________________ is the outer boundary of the cell and it controls what enters and leaves the cell.

The regulation of materials entering and leaving the cell helps the whole body of the organism maintain

_________________.

Living things maintain a balance between materials entering and exiting the cell. Their ability to maintain this balance is called

A membrane that only allows certain substances to pass is described as

The movement of substances across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is known as ___. No energy is ___.

The contractile vacuole inside of some protists like the paramecium below maintains osmotic

balance (amount of water inside the cell) by pumping out excess

Bulk transport into the cell is known as ____, and bulk transport out of the

cell is known as _____.

_____are special proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions, by lowering activation energy (energy required to start a reaction)

The _____ is the substance an enzyme acts upon

If you see a word that ends in –ase, it is probably an __ _, and if a word ends in –ose it

is a _

Enzymes help to catalyze reactions by _____ the energy needed for a reaction

4 major biomolecules are Carbohydrate lipids proteins Nucleic acids

-Adenosine Triphosphate is a special molecule that stores and releases the energy in its bonds for cellular work

. The process in which plants transform sunlight energy into chemical energy in the bonds of glucose is called

photosynthesis. Organisms that make their own energy from sunlight are called consumers or autotrophs.

The process by which organisms break down glucose in order to release the energy in its bonds is known as

where does cellular respiration take place

. If no oxygen is used ___________________ respiration takes place

 If mammals use anaerobic respiration,  ______________________ is produced which causes muscle soreness.

______________  is the branch of biology which deals with the grouping and naming of

Carolus Linneaus developed the two word system to name organisms known as binomial nomenclature

The first word of a scientific name is the ____________________ name which is capitalized and the second word written in lower case is the ___________________ name.

There are _____7________ taxa (classification categories) in Linneaus’ system. which one is not one of them

In the modern day classification system there are ____6_____ kingdoms and ___3_____ domains.

Where would Domain fit in the List from #38? What are the three domains?

Chromosomes are made up of the organic molecules called _________________acids.

There are 2 kinds of nucleic acids _________ and ___________

which one is not one of the four kinds of nitrogenous bases found in the DNA molecule showing which bonds to which.

 the 3 kinds of RNA Messenger,Ribosomal,and transfer.  

The DNA molecule has the shape of a _____ helix

The rna molecule is _____ stranded

 The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is known as ____ and it takes place

      during ____ of the cell cycle.

when does interphase take place

______ is the type of RNA which copies the DNA sequence in the nucleus and takes it to the    

                                   cytoplasm.

_______ is the type of RNA which makes up the ribosomes

_______ is the type of RNA which carries the amino acids to make the protein.

What does a codon (three bases) on the RNA molecule code for?

When DNA of one organism is inserted into another the organism the DNA created is ______ DNA

DNA testing can be used to identify people from blood or hair samples

Plant DNA has been manipulated to produce plants that are disease resistant, herbicide resistant, or more nutritional. The DNA of bacteria have been altered to produce insulin to treat diabetes. These are examples of genetic ______

Humans have __ chromosomes in every body cell.  

Humans have __ chromosomes in their sex cells.

During which phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle?

During which phase do replicated chromosomes separate from each other

Another name for sex cells is gamates

The formation of gametes occurs during

The male gamete is the x and y and the female gamete is the _.

Chromosomes come in pairs known as Homozygous pairs

Meiosis and sexual reproduction are very IMPORTANT because it creates genetic   

     variation in the offspring.

Another source of genetic variation is when homologous chromosomes exchange a portion of their genetic material called _____ _____This process occurs during _______ of meoisis.

Genetic variation can occur when there is a mistake in the DNA code. A mistake in the genetic code is a _____and is caused by substances called ______

When deletions and insertions occur, it causes a ____-___ mutation which results in an abnormal protein.

During meiosis, when these chromosome pairs don’t separate properly, genetic disorders can occur.  This failure to separate is known as nondisjunction

The study of inheritance is known as

Who is known as the father of genetics

The law of ________ _________-different pairs of genes separate individually of each other when gametes are formed

The law of ______- one allele can prevent the other allele from being expressed.

The law of _________- gene pairs separate when gametes are formed so each sex cell 

 (gamete) has one gene from the pair

The pairs of genes in an organism for a trait

Genes in a pair that are the same.

The gene that covers up or hides the other gene

The trait that is expressed in an organism.

One dominant and one recessive gene in a gene paiR

the gene that is hidden in a paIr

If you cross a red flower and a white flower all the offspring are pink.  This is an example of 

       _______ 

Blood type is an example of of a trait inherited by _____

north of the Arctic Circle, is nearly treeless, contains permafrost, and animals such as the arctic hare.

Africa and southwestern US, dry, small plants and cacti, many reptiles and small animalS

Found at equator  It is warm and rainy year-round and includes animals such as monkeys and parrots. Most diverse plant and animal life

Central US, Africa, Australia, animals include grazers like bison, or antelope and predators such as lions

deciduous trees, has seasons. White-tailed deer, squirrel

south of the tundra, primary vegetation is coniferous trees and includes animals such as black bears and timber wolves

Darwin created the theory of _____  stated that organisms who were well suited to the 

       environment would survive and pass on their traits to their offspring.

_______ proposed the idea of aqquired characteristics meaning organisms developed characteristics based on what they needed to survive in an environment.

Favorable variations within a species that allow them to be well suited to the environment are known as _____

Reproductive isolation occurs when two species can no longer interbreed.

When physical barriers separate a population, geographical isolation has occurred.

______ evolution occurs when two unrelated species have similar form.

would breeding race horses be an example of artificial or natural selection

_____ or the traces of organisms that once lived are  evidence for evolution

The total of all the alleles present in a population is its _____ ____