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Marine Science Semester Exam

Total questions: 114

Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What phylum do the sponges belong to

a)

Cnidaria

b)

Porifera

c)

Ctenophora

d)

Mollusca

2.

The bell - shaped, free swimming stage of cnidarians

a)

Medusa

b)

Tube feet

c)

Osculum

d)

Ampullae

3.

The Cylindrical typically attached stage of cnidarians

a)

Notochord

b)

Pharyngeal Slits

c)

Water Vascular System

d)

Polyp

4.

What does it mean for an organism to be sessile

a)

They aren't attached to anything

b)

Living permanently attached to the bottom or some other hard surface

c)

They don't live at the bottom

5.

Describe an organism that is a hermaphrodite

a)

Cnidarians. an aquatic invertebrate animal which comprises the coelenterates

b)

Flatworms. a group of soft-bodied, usually much flattened invertebrates

c)

Sponges. Animals in which individuals have both male and female gonads

d)

Chordates. animals having at least at some stage of development a notochord, dorsally situated central nervous system, and gill slits and including the vertebrates, lancelets, and tunicates.

6.

The osculum is a large opening of sponges. And they have a organism that are sponges

a)

True

b)

False

7.

What are the stinging cells inside tentacles called ?

a)

Post - anal - tail

b)

Nematocyst

c)

Tunic

d)

Backbone

8.

What does it mean to have bilateral symmetry ?

a)

Animals that crawl or swim in one direction have different needs

b)

allows animals to be more active in the pursuit of prey

c)

Animals similarly have a back, or dorsal surface

d)

The arrangements of body parts in such a way that there are only two identical halves

9.

When Something is described as anterior, where is it located

a)

The back of the body

b)

The front of the body

10.

What phylum do comb jellies belong to

a)

Porifera

b)

Chordata

c)

Ctenophora

d)

Arthropoda

11.

When something is described as posterior, where is it located ?

a)

The back of the body

b)

The front of the body

12.

The Aggregation of individuals for spawning or other purposes

a)

swarming

b)

notochord

c)

backbone

d)

madreporite

13.

a body consisting of similar compartments or segments

a)

nerve cord

b)

respiratory tree

c)

excurrent siphon

d)

segmentation

14.

the thin layer of tissue that secretes the shell is the mantle of mollusks

a)

True

b)

False

15.

What are ganglia and what are they used as ?

a)

The muscular locomotory structure of mollusks

b)

Clusters of nerve cells that serve as “local brains” in Gastropods and bivalves

c)

A feeding structure that consists of ciliated tentacles

16.

A skeleton that forms the external surface of an animal. as in arthropods

a)

excurrent siphon

b)

endoskeleton

c)

exoskeleton

d)

extracellular

17.

What phylum do jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones belong to ?

a)

Cnidaria

b)

Porifera

c)

Chordata

d)

Phoronida

18.

The exoskeleton that is shed during the molting process

a)

Extracellular

b)

Sessile

c)

Molt

d)

Collar Cells

19.

The food - sorting appendages of some crustaceans

a)

Filter Feeder

b)

Maxillipeds

c)

Deposit Feeder

d)

Metamorphois

20.

An eye that consists of numerous light - sensitive units

a)

Compound Eye

b)

Radical Symmetry

c)

Medusa

d)

Bell

21.

What are the paddle - like appendages of sandworms called

a)

Parapodia

b)

Nematocyst

c)

Sponges

d)

Chordates

22.

A sensory appendage on the head of arthropods

a)

Bilateral Symmetry

b)

Ciliary Combs

c)

Nerve Net

d)

Antennae

23.

What is the Water Vascular System used for ?

a)

Locomotion

b)

Food Gatherings

c)

Respiration

d)

All of the above

24.

Why are scallops considered atypical

a)

They eat

b)

they swim

c)

They breathe

d)

They sleep

25.

A porous plate that connects the water vascular system of echinoderms to the exterior

a)

Anterior

b)

Madreporite

c)

Posterior

d)

Dorsal

26.

Any of the external muscular extensions of the water vascular system of echinoderms

a)

Mesoderm

b)

Ventral

c)

Tube Feet

d)

Proboscis

27.

What are two characteristics of all mollusks

a)

Have the same basic body plan

b)

greatly modified

c)

the radula is modified or even absent

d)

all of the above

28.

what are two examples of parasitic flatworms

a)

trematodes

b)

parasitic

c)

tapeworm

d)

earth worms

29.

Describe evisceration. What organisms use this tactic

a)

The region around the hinge of a bivalves shell

b)

The ability of an organism to grow a body part that has been lost

c)

The expulsion of internal organs in sea cucumbers

30.

the ability of an organism to grow a body part that has been lost

a)

Regeneration

b)

Hydrostatic Skeleton

c)

Segmentation

d)

Coelom

31.

A long, compact bundle of neurons that is part of the central nervous system

a)

Parapodium

b)

Mesoderm

c)

Nerve Cord

d)

Seta

32.

The "mouth" of tunicates

a)

Incurrent Siphon

b)

Morphology

c)

Closed Circulatory System

d)

Gills

33.

A series of articulating bones surrounding the nerve cord of vertebrates; a spine or vertebral column

a)

Backbone

b)

Excurrent Siphon

c)

Ampullae

d)

Notochord

34.

A flexible rod that lies below the nerve cord of chordates

a)

Tunic

b)

Post - anal - tail

c)

Notochord

d)

Pharyngeal Slits

35.

small openings along the anterior part of the gut; one of the four key characteristics of chordates

a)

water vascular system

b)

tube feet

c)

osculum

d)

pharyngeal slits

36.

What phylum is the largest on earth

a)

Phylum Nemertea

b)

Phylum Arthropoda

c)

Phylum Mollusca

d)

Phylum Chordata

37.

What does class crustacea refer to all organisms having

a)

Shrimp

b)

Crabs

c)

Lobster

d)

Crawfish

38.

What is the inside of a sea star called

a)

osculum

b)

coelom

c)

extracellular

d)

sessile

39.

What is the scientific study of fishes called

a)

Biology

b)

Ichthyology

c)

Zoology

d)

Ecology

40.

What are the shared characteristics of all chordates

a)

Nerve cord

b)

Pharyngeal slits

c)

Notochord

d)

Post - anal - tail

41.

Where is the dorsal fin located

a)

On the back of the fish

b)

On the bottom of the fish

c)

The tail

d)

Between the caudal and pectoral fins

42.

Where is the pectoral fin located

a)

The tail

b)

Located behind the head

c)

On the bottom of the fish

d)

On the back of the fish

43.

Where is the caudal fin located

a)

The tail

b)

On the bottom of the fish

c)

On the back of the fish

d)

Between the caudal and pectoral fins

44.

Where is the pelvic fin located

a)

On the ventral (bottom) side of the fish

b)

On the back of the fish

c)

The tail

d)

Between the caudal and pectoral fins

45.

What does it mean for a fish to be demersal

a)

Fish that live on the bottom

b)

Fish that don’t live on the bottom

46.

What is a cycloid scale

a)

Overlapping smooth scales of bony fishes

b)

Overlapping spines scales of bony fishes

47.

What is a ctenoid

a)

Overlapping smooth scales of bony fishes

b)

Overlapping spined scales of bony fishes

48.

The role of the swim bladder in bony fishes allows the fish to adjust its buoyancy to keep from sinking or rising

a)

True

b)

False

49.

The lateral line in fishes enables them to detect vibrations in the water

a)

False

b)

True

50.

Structures on both sides of the head of fishes that are sensitive to chemical stimuli

a)

Olfactory Sacs

b)

Nerve Cord

c)

vertebrae

d)

Cartilage

51.

Each of the slender tubes found in the intestines of many bony fishes

a)

Spiral Valve

b)

Pyloric Caeca

c)

Cloaca

d)

Gas Exchange

52.

Where is the Pyloric Caeca located in fishes

a)

Stomach

b)

Liver

c)

Gills

d)

Tail

53.

Whisker - like sensory organs near the mouth of some bottom feeding fishes

a)

Spiracle

b)

Barbels

c)

Lamella

d)

Chloride Cells

54.

What is warning coloration

a)

A fish that blends in with the environment

b)

When a fish warns that it is Dangerous, poisonous, or tastes bad

c)

When a fish has color stripes, bars, or spots to break up its outline

d)

When a fish is lighter on the bottom and darker on its back

55.

What is cryptic coloration

a)

A fish that blends in with the environment

b)

Advertises that they are dangerous, poisonous, or tastes bad

c)

When a fish is lighter on the bottom and darker on its back

d)

When a fish has color stripes, bars, or spots to break up its outline

56.

What is countershading

a)

When a fish is lighter on the bottom and darker on its back

b)

A fish that blends in with the environment

c)

When a fish warns that it is dangerous, poisonous, or tastes bad

d)

When a fish has color stripes, bars, or spots to break up its outline

57.

Fishes that spawn eggs; embryo is encased by a large leathery case; because of the great amount of yolk, the pup is well - developed

a)

Ovoviviparous

b)

Oviparous

c)

Viviparous

58.

Fishes that the female retains the egg in her reproductive tract for protection and gives birth to live

a)

Oviparous

b)

Viviparous

c)

Ovoviviparous

59.

Fishes in which the embryo absorbs nutrition directly from the mother

a)

Viviparous

b)

Ovoviviparous

c)

Oviparous

60.

It increases the speed of fish in the water

a)

Streamlined Body

b)

Laterally Compressed Body

c)

Dorsoventrally Flattened Body

61.

Leisurely swimming but can allow for bursts of speed to escape predators

a)

Laterally Compressed Body

b)

Streamlined Body

c)

Dorsoventrally Flattened Body

62.

Found in mostly demersal fishes

a)

Dorsoventrally Flattened body

b)

Laterally Compressed body

c)

Streamlined Body

63.

The classes of bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes are 1.osteichthyes and 2.chondrichthyes

a)

True

b)

False

64.

What are the behavior adaptations seen in fishes

a)

Migrating

b)

Schooling

c)

Territoriality

d)

Internal fertilization

65.

Cartilaginous fishes have little to no color vision

a)

True

b)

False

66.

Bony fishes have color vision and others do not

a)

True

b)

False

67.

Order Chelonia belongs to class reptilia and are ectotherms

a)

True

b)

False

68.

Order Crocodilia belongs to class reptilia and are ectotherms

a)

False

b)

True

69.

Oder Squamata belongs to class reptilia and are ectotherms

a)

True

b)

False

70.

Pelicans belong to class aves and have salt glands, mate for life, homeotherms

a)

True

b)

False

71.

Tubenoses belong to class aves and have salt glands, mate for life, homeotherms

a)

True

b)

False

72.

Penguins belong to class aves and have salt glands, mate for life, homeotherms

a)

False

b)

True

73.

Gulls and shorebirds belong to class aves and have salt glands, mate for life, homeotherms

a)

True

b)

False

74.

Order pinnipedia belongs to class mammalia and are viviparous, placenta, mammory glands

a)

True

b)

False

75.

Order Carnivora belongs to class mammalia and are viviparous, placenta, mammory glands

a)

True

b)

False

76.

Order Sirenia belongs to class mammalia and are viviparous, placenta, mammory glands

a)

True

b)

False

77.

Order cetacean belongs to class mammalia and are viviparous, placenta, mammory glands

a)

True

b)

False

78.

What animals belong to order pinnipedia

a)

Seals

b)

Sea lions

c)

Fur seals

d)

Walruses

79.

What animals belong to order Carnivora

a)

Sea otters

b)

Marine otter

c)

Polar bears

d)

Seabirds

80.

What animals belong to order Sirenia

a)

Manatees

b)

Dugongs

c)

Dolphins

d)

Seals

81.

What animals belong to order cetacea

a)

Baleen whales

b)

Toothed whales

c)

Sea otters

d)

Sea lions

82.

What is the melon used for in cetaceans

a)

Give whales rounded foreheads

b)

Give whales flat heads

83.

A specialized type of blood cell that carries hemoglobin invertebrates

a)

Salt glands

b)

Erythrocyte

c)

Ambergris

d)

Pods

84.

Erythrocyte are beneficial because their muscles contain high amounts of myoglobin to store additional oxygen, and their heart rate is reduced to cut down oxygen consumption while diving

a)

True

b)

False

85.

The blowhole is used in cetaceans by having the advantage of having the blowhole on top of the head. This allows them to breathe even though most of the body is underwater

a)

True

b)

False

86.

Evolution in which two different species evolve similar structures because of similar lifestyles

a)

Convergent Evolution

b)

Flukes

c)

Subspecies

d)

Blubber

87.

Delayed implantation allows pinnipeds to prolong the embryo’s development so that the timing of birth coincides with the females arrival at the safety of shore

a)

True

b)

False

88.

What is blubber used for

a)

Serves as a food reserve and helps provide buoyancy

b)

Make a refreshing watermelon drink

c)

To be eaten a dessert fruit

d)

a mass of adipose tissue found in the forehead of all toothed whales.

89.

Salt glands are used as secretes that excess salts in seabirds and sea turtles

a)

True

b)

False

90.

Which class of animals have salt glands

a)

Class Aves

b)

Class Reptilia

c)

Class Mammalia

91.

Scientists are concerned with the beaching of whales because of the stranding of individuals, sometimes dozens, on beaches.

a)

True

b)

False

92.

Metabolic heat is lost to the environment and does not raise their own body temperature

a)

Ectotherm

b)

Endotherm

93.

Metabolic heat is retained within the body and can raise their own body temperature

a)

Ectotherm

b)

Endotherm

94.

The ability of some animals to sense their surroundings by analyzing the reflection of sound waves, or clicks. They emit

a)

Echolocation

b)

Mammary Glands

c)

Placenta

d)

Guano

95.

What are two adaptations seen in marine mammals that aid them in diving

a)

Flexible rib cage

b)

Collapsible lungs

c)

Muscle myoglobin

d)

Oxygen storage capacity

96.

What do marine mammals use vocalizations for

a)

Mating

b)

Maintain their territory

c)

Communication

d)

Salt glands

97.

What are the most adapted birds to live at sea

a)

Penguins

b)

Seabirds

c)

Seals

d)

Fur seals

98.

The study of the interactions between organisms and their environment

a)

Ecology

b)

Evolutionary Adaptations

c)

Logistic Growth

d)

Exponential Growth

99.

A non - living component of an environment (physical or chemical)

a)

Abiotic

b)

Biotic

100.

A living component of an environment

a)

Biotic

b)

Abiotic

101.

Which is it

a)

Disruptive Selection

b)

Directional Selection

c)

Stabilizing Selection

102.

Which is it

a)

Directional Selection

b)

Stabilizing Selection

c)

Disruptive Selection

103.

Which is it

a)

Stabilizing Selection

b)

Disruptive Selection

c)

Directional Selection

104.

The maximum population size that can be sustained by the available resources in a given environment

a)

Limiting Resource

b)

Carrying Capacity

c)

Competition

d)

Inducible Defenses

105.

What factors can influence the carrying capacity

a)

food availability

b)

water

c)

space

d)

all of the above

106.

for species to coevolve is for one species to evolve to another

a)

True

b)

False

107.

The type of symbiosis in which partners benefit from the relationship

a)

Carrying Capacity

b)

Mutualism

c)

Directional Selection

d)

Recruitment

108.

The type of symbiosis in which one species obtains shelter, food, or other benefits without affecting the other, or host.

a)

Ecology

b)

Commensalism

c)

Ecological Niche

d)

Coevolution

109.

The type of symbiosis in which one partner, the parasite, derivers, benefit from the other, the host

a)

Parasitism

b)

Ecology

c)

Logistic Growth

d)

Biotic

110.

Unrestricted population growth where the population grows at a faster rate with each successive generation

a)

Exponential Growth

b)

Logistic Growth

111.

Population growth that is constrained by biotic or abiotic factors such as competition or nutrients

a)

Logistic Growth

b)

Exponential Growth

112.

Defense mechanisms that an organism uses only in response to predators

a)

Inducible Defense

b)

Exponential Growth

c)

Logistic Growth

d)

Biotic

113.

Inducible defense relates to the evolutionary "arms race" between and their prey

a)

true

b)

false

114.

The elimination of one species by another as a result of competition

a)

Competitive Exclusion

b)

Logistic Growth

c)

Abiotic

d)

Ecology

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