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Spring 22 Final Review

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 2hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Matter can not be created nor destroyed: it can only be
a)
Destroyed a little bit
b)
Invisible
c)
Transformed, changed
d)
None of the above
2.
The number in front of a compound or element is a 
a)
Subscript
b)
Coefficient
c)
Superscript
d)
Charge
3.
A chemical reaction is balanced when
a)
both sides have the same elements
b)
Both sides have the same  number of atoms
c)
Same subscripts
d)
Same coefficients
4.
The coefficient in  3H2O is
a)
6
b)
2
c)
3
d)
5
5.
If reaction starts with 20g of reactants it should produce 
a)
a total of 40g of products
b)
a total of 10g of products
c)
a total of 80 g of products
d)
a total of 20g of products
6.
Measure of the amount of matter 
a)
mass
b)
volume
c)
weight
d)
density
7.
What is the Law of Conservation of mass?
a)
Mass is created in a chemical reaction
b)
Mass is created in a physical change
c)
New chemicals formed from a chemical reaction have a larger overall mass than the original reactants
d)
Mass is never created or destroyed
8.
2 KClO3 → 2 KCl + 3 O2
How many moles of oxygen are produced when 6.7 moles of KClO3 decompose completely?
a)
6.7 mol
b)
1.0 mol
c)
10.1 mol
d)
4.5 mol
9.
2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH+ H2
How many grams of hydrogen are produced if 120 g of Na are available?
a)
5.2 g
b)
2.6 g
c)
690 g
d)
45 g
10.
Using the following equation:
Fe2O3(s) + 3H2(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3H2O(l)
How many moles of iron (Fe) can be made from  6 moles H2? 
a)
4 moles Fe
b)
6 moles Fe
c)
9 moles Fe
d)
2 moles Fe
11.

In the equation 2 Al2O3 --> 4 Al + 3 O2, what is the mole ratio of aluminum to oxygen (aluminum is asked for, oxygen is given)?

a)

10/6

b)

3/4

c)

4/3

d)

2/3

12.

What is the molar mass of table salt (NaCl)?

a)

116.89 g/mol

b)

35.45 g/mol

c)

22.99 g/mol

d)

58.44 g/mol

13.

What is the molar mass of NaOH?

a)

40.00 g/mol

b)

38.99 g/mol

c)

23.99 g/mol

d)

57.00 g/mol

14.

What criteria must be met for reactant collisions to result in a successful product?

a)

The reactants must collide with each other

b)

The reactants must collide with enough energy and be in the right positions

c)

The reactants must have enough energy to form the activated complex

15.
Which factors increase the rate of a reaction.
a)
increasing temperature
b)
increasing concentration
c)
increasing surface area
d)
all of these
16.
Why does a higher temperature increase the rate of a reaction?
a)
it increases both the frequency and energy of particle collisions
b)
it only increases the frequency of particle collisions
c)
it only increases the energy of particle collisions
d)
it reduces the activation energy of the reaction
17.

How could we make this reaction happen more quickly?

a)

Decrease the concentration of the acid

b)

crush the chalk to increase the surface area

c)

Put the test tube in an ice bath

18.

When surface area is decreased the rate of reaction...

a)

Decreases, because there are LESS possible sites for correct collisions

b)

Increases, because there are LESS possible sites for correct collisions

c)

Decreases, because there are MORE possible sites for correct collisions

d)

Increases, because there are MORE possible sites for correct collisions

19.

Which has more surface area?

a)

Large chunks of chalk

b)

Cube of sugar

c)

Powdered sugar

d)

Small chunks of sugar

20.

A temperature increase causes the particles ......

a)

to slow down

b)

move faster

c)

collide higher

d)

in the right order

21.

How does a catalyst work in speeding up a reaction?

a)

By lowering the activation energy or reaction

b)

by giving them more energy

c)

by making them more available

22.

What is the rate of reaction?

a)

How much energy is needed for a reaction to occur.

b)

The energy required to break a bond.

c)

The time it takes for a reaction to occur.

d)

Collision Theory

23.

Which of the following increase the reaction rate?

a)

less surface area

b)

lower temperature

c)

increased concentration

24.
What type of reaction occurs in a hand warmer
a)
exothermic
b)
endothermic
25.
Exothermic reactions...
a)
Absorb energy
b)
Release energy
c)
Release Color
d)
Absorb Color
26.
In an endothermic reaction, heat is ...
a)
taken in or absorbed
b)
given out or released 
27.

O2(g) + 2 H2 (g) → 2 H2O (g) + EnergyO_2\left(g\right)\ +\ 2\ H_2\ \left(g\right)\ \rightarrow\ 2\ H_2O\ \left(g\right)\ +\ Energy  

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

28.

6 CO2+ 6 H2O + Energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O26\ CO_2+\ 6\ H_2O\ +\ Energy\ \rightarrow\ C_6H_{12}O_6\ +\ 6\ O_2

a)

endothermic reaction

b)

exothermic reaction

29.

_____ reactions usually feel hot!

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

30.

____ reactions usually feel cold.

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

31.
If they energy required to break the bonds is less than the energy given out by making new bonds the reaction is
a)
Exothermic
b)
Endothermic
c)
Neutralisation
32.

Are the products or reactants of this reaction storing more energy in their chemical bonds?

a)

Both storing the same

b)

No way to tell

c)

Products

d)

Reactants

33.

What type of reaction is this?

a)

Exothermic

b)

Endothermic

c)

Energy Producing

d)

No way to tell

34.

When solar energy hits the earth

a)

it can be reflected by light colored surfaces like ice

b)

it can be absorbed by light colored surfaces by ice

c)

it can be reflected by dark colored surfaces like asphalt

d)

it cannot affect processes that occur on earth

35.

Heat is radiated back to space from earth as

a)

visible light

b)

ultraviolet radiation

c)

gamma radiation

d)

infrared radiation

36.

The wavelengths of electromagnetic energy that can be seen by humans is known as

a)

ultrared radiation

b)

visible light

c)

ultraviolet radiation

d)

infrared radiation

37.

According to the diagram, what can happen when solar energy hits clouds in Earth's atmosphere?

a)

it can be reflected or absorbed

b)

it can only be absorbed

c)

it can only be reflected

d)

it is neither reflected nor absorbed

38.

Infrared Light is

a)

the light you can see from the sun

b)

this is where most of the warmth that you feel from the sun comes from

c)

higher-energy radiation that can harm life

39.

Ultraviolet light is

a)

the light you can see from the sun

b)

this is where most of the warmth that you feel from the sun comes from

c)

higher-energy radiation that can harm life

40.

Earth's energy budget is like an equation. Choose the correct equation.

a)

energy in = energy out

b)

energy in is less than energy out

c)

energy in is more than energy out

41.
What happens to the temperature if more greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere?
a)
Temperature goes up
b)
Temperature goes down
42.
Without the Greenhouse Effect the Earth would be
a)
warm 
b)
cold
c)
dead
43.
True or False: All of the radiation from the Sun is absorbed by the Earth
a)
True
b)
False
44.
What is the greenhouse effect?
a)
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
b)
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
c)
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
45.

Which of the following does NOT happen to solar energy when it reaches Earth?

a)

Some solar energy reflects off the atmosphere, back to space

b)

Some solar energy passes through Earth and comes out the other side

c)

Some solar energy is absorbed by land and water

d)

Some solar energy is radiated from the Earth's surface and trapped by the atmosphere

46.
Increased carbon dioxide may cause global warming by
a)
allowing more sunlight into the atmosphere.
b)
reflecting more sunlight from clouds.
c)
reducing the amount of oxygen in the air.   
d)
trapping more heat in the atmosphere.
47.

To learn what climates were like in the past, scientists investigate the following types of evidence that serve as substitutes for direct measurement.

a)

Computer models

b)

Proxy indicators

c)

Topography

d)

Carbon footprints

48.
Scientists can extract samples of ancient air from ice cores
a)
True
b)
False
49.

By examining ice cores, we know that when carbon dioxide levels are high, temperatures are also higher.

a)

True

b)

False

50.

Thicker tree rings indicate poor growing conditions for plants and trees.

a)

True

b)

False

51.
Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?
a)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960
b)
Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide
c)
humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels
d)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960
52.
How can the planting of new trees help reduce climate change?
a)
Trees help create breezes.
b)
Trees release moisture that cools the atmosphere.
c)
Trees take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
d)
Trees block the release of greenhouse gases from soil.
53.

What effect do large forests have on Earth's climate?

a)

They take in carbon dioxide and help slow global warming.

b)

They decrease precipitation by absorbing water from the atmosphere.

c)

They warm the Earth by absorbing and reradiating heat energy.

d)

They interfere with winds and prevent the global redistribution of heat.

54.

Which of the following has caused sea levels to rise in many parts of the world?

a)

Ocean acidification

b)

Melting ice

c)

Ozone depletion

d)

Changes in global ocean circulation

55.

What is the probable cause of global warming?

a)

a reduction in the number of glaciers

b)

increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

c)

weakened prevailing winds

d)

faster ocean currents

56.

How has global warming affected life in the oceans?

a)

Habitat is being lost as ocean water levels drop.

b)

Ocean water temperatures have cooled to maintain balance.

c)

Photosynthesis happens to a greater extent due to increased sunlight.

d)

The algae contained within some corals are dying.

57.

How do volcanic eruptions affect weather?

a)

Eruptions form clouds that drop large amounts of precipitation.

b)

Gases and particles may block sunlight and lower temperatures.

c)

Vibrations caused by eruptions shift ocean currents, which in turn affect weather.

d)

They cause a long-term increase in temperature.

58.

Which human activity contributes the most carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

a)

fishing

b)

breathing

c)

burning fossil fueels

d)

farming

59.

Capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere or capturing anthropogenic (human) CO2 from large-scale stationary sources like power plants before it is released to the atmosphere. Once captured, the CO2 gas (or the carbon portion of the CO2) is put into long-term storage.

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Carbon sequestration

c)

Methane

d)

Global warming

60.

A feedback loop best fits which characteristic of life?

a)

Cells

b)

Organization

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Adaptation

61.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative 
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
62.
Maintaining body temperature is an example of a:
a)
negative feedback loop
b)
positive feedback loop
63.
The process of childbirth is an example of:
a)
negative feedback loop
b)
positive feedback loop
64.
When you get cut, your skin cells release hormones that signal platelets to come and stop the bleeding. Platelets then release more hormones that signal even more platelets to help stop bleeding. The hormone signals continue until the cut is closed.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
65.
When glucose levels in the blood rise, your brain sends a signal to your pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which opens channels in cell membranes to allow glucose to enter the cell, lowering blood sugar levels. 
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
66.
Rapid growth during puberty causes your body to release more and more growth hormones. As you grow, more and more growth hormones are released until puberty is reached, and then the hormones stop.
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
67.
Negative Feedback Loops:
a)
amplify processes
b)
prevent small changes from getting larger
c)
are initiated during childbirth
d)
are found only in plants
68.
What does the term "steady state" refer to with respect to the process of homeostasis?
a)
balanced external environment
b)
balanced internal environment
c)
changing external environment
d)
changing internal environment
69.

In a positive feedback loop, each action creates a consequence that _____________________ the other action.

a)

decreases

b)

has no effect on

c)

amplifies

70.

In a negative feedback loop, each action creates a consequence that _____________________ the other action.

a)

decreases

b)

has no effect on

c)

amplifies

71.

A ________________ feedback loop makes a system more stable.

a)

Positive

b)

Neutral

c)

Negative

d)

Circular

72.

A _________________ feedback loop moves a system to an extreme.

a)

Positive

b)

Neutral

c)

Circular

d)

Negative

73.

Polar Ice Caps are melting due to an increase in Earth's temperature. This lowers the albedo of Earth, which in turn increases Earth's temperature. This is an example of what type of feedback?

a)

Negative

b)

Neutral

c)

Positive

d)

Ecosystem

74.

As carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere rise, the temperature of the Earth rises. As the Earth warms the rate of photosynthesis in plants increases, more carbon dioxide is therefore removed from the atmosphere by plants, reducing the greenhouse effect and reducing global temperatures.

a)

Positive Feedback

b)

Negative Feedback

75.

Higher temperatures cause more evaporation which leads to more water vapor in the atmosphere. Water vapor is a greenhouse gas so will trap more heat so the atmosphere will warm more.

a)

Positive Feedback

b)

Negative Feedback

76.

What has the highest albedo?

a)

the oceans

b)

Ice in the Arctic or Antarctic

c)

the ground

d)

roads

77.
Albedo can best be described as...
a)
the temperature at the equator
b)
the amount of solar radiation absorbed
c)
the amount of solar radiation reflected
d)
the air pressure during El Nino
78.
What has the highest albedo?
a)
the oceans
b)
 glacial ice
c)
the ground
d)
roads
79.
Which type of surface would have the highest albedo effect?
a)
Forest
b)
Snow
c)
Water
d)
Rock
80.

Which would you expect to have the lowest albedo?

a)

dark soil

b)

white sand

c)

ice and snow

d)

deep sea water

81.
If the ice caps continue to melt, then there is less albedo at the poles.  This process will continue to melt more ice and have less albedo.  This is an example of a...
a)
fruit loops
b)
loop di loop
c)
negative feedback loop
d)
positive feedback loop
82.

If you want to keep your house cool all year, should you design the house roof to have a high or a low albedo?

a)

High

b)

Low

83.
Currently, about 10% of Earth is covered with ice year-round. If this ice melts, what could happen to Earth’s temperature?
a)
Increase
b)
Decrease
c)
Remain the Same
d)
Not enough information 
84.

Rank the following from low albedo to high albedo.

(1) Ocean

(2) Sand

(3) Ice

(4) Asphalt

a)

1, 2, 3, 4

b)

3, 2, 4, 1

c)

4, 3, 2, 1

d)

4, 1, 2, 3

85.
_______is a measure of the reflective characteristics of the Earth's surface.
a)
Albedo Effect
b)
Greenhouse Effect
c)
Proxy
d)
CFC
86.

The average U.S. temperatures over 50 years is an example of what?

a)

climate

b)

weather

c)

climate change

d)

albedo

87.
This symbol indicates that a reaction is ____________
a)
reversible
b)
irreversible
88.
When the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward reaction, the system is said to be in
a)
Chemical Equilibrium
b)
Chemical Balance
c)
Chemical Constant
d)
Chemical Reaction
89.

A chemical reaction where the reactants form products that, in turn, react together to give the reactants back.

a)

reversible reaction

b)

irreversible reaction

c)

decomposition reaction

d)

synthesis

90.
The pH scale is a range from:
a)
1-7
b)
0-14
c)
1-5
d)
1-20
91.
A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7
a)
Acid
b)
Alkaline
c)
Base
d)
Buffer
92.
A(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.
a)
Base
b)
Acid
c)
Buffer
d)
Water
93.
What is the only substance with a neutral pH of 7?
a)
Milk
b)
Orange Juice
c)
Water
d)
Blood
94.
Complete the sentence.
A substance that is more basic has a _____ pH than a substance that is acidic.
a)
lower
b)
higher
c)
the same
d)
none of the above
95.

In a test of pH levels, a baking soda has a pH of 9 and bleach has a pH of 12. What is true about there relationship?

a)

Both of the solution are Bases

b)

Both of the solution are Acids

c)

The Baking soda is an acid and the Bleach is a base

d)

The baking soda is a base and the Bleach is an Acid.

96.

A base is a substance

a)

That releases OH- ions when dissolved in water

b)

That releases H+ ions when dissolved in water

c)

Does not release any ions when dissolved in water

d)

None of the above

97.
If you have a substance with a pH of 7.1 it is a(n).....
a)
Acid
b)
base
98.

An acid

a)

is a substance that releases H+ ions when dissolved in water

b)

is a substance that does not release any ions when dissolved in water

c)

is a substance that releases OH- when dissolved in water

d)

releases an equal amount of OH- and H+ ions when dissolved in water

99.

Water has a neutral because

a)

it has more H+ ions than OH-

b)

it has more OH- ions than H+

c)

it does not produce any ions

d)

it has an equal amount of H+ and OH- in solution

100.
According to the pH range which substance is more acidic than lemon juice
a)
Hydrochloric acid
b)
cabbage
c)
milk
101.
A solution has a pH of 7.0.  What would happen to the pH if H ions were added?
a)
pH would go up
b)
pH would go down
c)
pH would stay the same
d)
None of these
102.
A solution has a pH of 7.0.  What would happen to the pH if OH ions were added?
a)
pH would go up
b)
pH would go down
c)
pH would stay the same
d)
None of these

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