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Bio EOC Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 8hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Eukaryotic cells are able to produce energy via metabolic processing through which organelle?

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

2.

Sweating after a period of intense exercise is evidence of which characteristic of life?

a)

homeostasis

b)

reproduction

c)

movement

d)

growth

3.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?

a)

A cell that has no DNA

b)

A cell that has no nucleus

c)

A cell that has no membrane

d)

A cell that has makes up most of the tissues in your body

4.

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

a)

3 NADH+ 🡪  1 NADH

b)

6CO2 + 6H2O  +  light  🡪 C6H12O6   +  6O2

c)

C6H12O6   +  O2  + light 🡪 6O2  + 36 ATP

d)

C6H12O6   +  6O2 🡪 6CO2 + 6H2O  +  energy

5.

What are the reactants in Cellular Respiration?

a)

C6H12O6 + CO2

b)

C6H12O6 + H20

c)

C6H12O6 + O2

d)

C6H12O6 + ATP

6.

Of the 6 Basic Elements of Life, which is most abundant in our atmosphere?

a)

Carbon

b)

Oxygen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Phosphorus

7.

Which Macromolecule provides waterproofing and long term storage of energy?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Lipids

d)

Proteins

8.

What Reaction do we find ATP in?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Enzymatic

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Neurotransmission

9.

Glucose is an example of what?

a)

A Lipid

b)

A Nucleic Acid

c)

A Protein

d)

A Carbohydrate

10.
In the given scenario what will happen?  An egg is placed in pure water for 48 hours.
a)
The egg will gain water and swell.
b)
Water will move in and out of the cell equally, and the cell with neither shrink nor swell.
c)
The egg will lose water and shrink.
11.
_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.  
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoplasm
12.
Osmosis
a)
diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable mebrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
b)
the diffusion of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
c)
diffusion of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
d)
the diffusion of particles from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
13.
Which cell is placed into a hypotonic environment? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
14.
What type of cellular transport uses energy?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
15.
In which case would a cell most likely shrink?
a)
when placed in a solution containing a high salt concentration
b)
when placed in a isotonic solution
c)
when placed in a solution containing a low pH
d)
when placed in a solution containing distilled water
16.
Active transport requires energy because...
a)
The cell is moving something against a concentration gradient
b)
The cell is moving something with a concentration gradient
17.
Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
There is no water
18.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

19.

Most abundant type of lipid in the cell membrane

a)

Sphingolipids

b)

Cholesterol

c)

Phospholipids

20.

Which of these nitrogen cycle processes converts atmospheric nitrogen to a soil form of nitrogen that is usable by plants?

a)

nitrogen fixation

b)

nitrification

c)

denitrification

d)

ammonification

e)

assimilation

21.

_________ provides most of the oxygen on earth. 

a)

Decomposition

b)

Cellular Respiration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Nitrogen Fization

22.

Deforestation causes an increase in ____________

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

Increased habitats

23.

__________ converts the nitrogen gas into a useful form for plants. 

a)

Herbivores

b)

Decomposers

c)

Bacteria

d)

Eukaryotes

24.

How can Nitrogen gas (N2) be fixed into a usable form for plants?

a)

Through the action of bacteria only

b)

Through lightning only

c)

Through the action of bacteria and lightning

25.

Which describes the relationship between plants and animals in the carbon cycle?

a)

Plants produce and release oxygen that animals need

b)

Plants produce and release carbon dioxide that animals need

c)

Animals produce and release oxygen that plants need

d)

Animals produce oxygen that plants turn into carbon dioxide

26.
How do  animals get nitrogen?
a)
the atmosphere 
b)
eating other organisms
c)
bacteria
d)
lightning 
27.

List three ways that cause carbon to be released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide?

a)

burning of fossil fuels

b)

exhaling

c)

photosynthesis

d)

cellular respiration

28.

Cellular Respiration takes place in these two organelles of the cell.

a)

Chloroplast and mitochondria

b)

Mitochondria and cytoplasm

c)

Cytoplasm and chloroplast

d)

Cells have organelles?

29.

Glucose molecules store _____________.

a)

chemical energy

b)

kinetic energy

c)

gravitational potential energy

d)

heat energy

30.
This process releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present.
a)
photosynthesis
b)
light-independent reaction
c)
cellular respiration
d)
light-dependent reaction
31.

Glucose is broken down into pyruvic acid during which process

a)
Krebs cycle
b)
Calvin cycle
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Photosynthesis
32.

What are the reactants (taken into) of cellular respiration? (Mark all of them!)

a)

oxygen

b)

glucose

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

water

e)

energy

33.

Which of the following do at least one stage of cellular respiration

a)

plants

b)

animals

c)

bacteria

d)

fungi

34.

What happens in the electron transport chain?

a)

NADH and FADH2 drop off hydrogens to form massive amounts of ATP

b)

pyruvic acid is formed from breaking down glucose

c)

CO2 is released and H2O and ATP

d)

glucose is broken down and ATP is formed

35.

Difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration?

a)

they need different energy sources

b)

aerobic uses oxygen unlike anaerobic

c)

anaerobic does not go through fermentation

d)

aerobic respiration is associated with alcohol fermentation

36.

example of who uses alcohol fermentation

a)

yeast

b)

mitochondria

c)

animal muscle

d)

fungus

37.

how much ATP is required to start glycolysis?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

4

d)

2

38.

what happens after glycolysis?

a)

goes into aerobic respiration if oxygen is present and anaerobic if not

b)

glycolysis starts over again

c)

ATP from glycolysis begins to help begin photosynthesis

d)

nothing

39.

what contributes to soreness of muscles?

a)

alcohol fermentation

b)

lactic acid fermentation

c)

aerobic respiration

d)

glycolysis

40.
Why are viruses considered "non living"?
a)
they do not have their own DNA
b)
they cannot reproduce on their own
c)
they do not have the ability to interact with living things
d)
they are too complex
41.

Bacteria are prokaryotes because

a)

they do not have genetic material

b)

their genetic material is not in a nucleus

c)

they have a nucleus filled with genetic material

42.

_____________ must have oxygen to survive.

a)

Obligate aerobes

b)

Obligate anaerobes

c)

Facultative aerobes

d)

Facultative anaerobes

43.

___________ : oxygen poisons them

a)

Obligate aerobes

b)

Obligate anaerobes

c)

Facultative aerobes

d)

Facultative anaerobes

44.

_____________ can adapt to anaerobic conditions

a)

Obligate aerobes

b)

Obligate anaerobes

c)

Facultative aerobes

d)

Facultative anaerobes

45.

An anaerobe produces the toxin botulin, one of the

most poisonous substances known.

a)

Salmonellae

b)

Staphylococcus aureus

c)

Clostridium botulinum

d)

Clostridium perfringens

46.

2.The function accomplished by the light-dependent reactions is ______________.

a)

Energy and electron storage

b)

Sugar production

c)

Carbon fixation

d)

Conversion of sugar

47.

Where does dark reaction or light independent specifically occur?

a)

thylakoid membrane

b)

Stroma of the chloroplast

c)

Grana

d)

nuclear membrane

48.

Which of the following statements does not describe Light independent reaction?

a)

aka Calvin cycle

b)

Produce ATP and NADPH

c)

Produce glucose

d)

Occur in the stroma of the chloroplast

e)

Use ATP and NADPH for the reaction

49.

•An enzyme that fixes carbon from atmosphere to convert it to complex macromolecule glucose.

a)

RuBP (Ribulose bisphosphate)

b)

RuBisCo (Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase)

c)

PGA (3-Phosphoglycerate)

d)

G3P (Glyceraldeyhyde 3-Phosphate)

50.
In a plant cell, where are ATP synthase complexes located?
a)
thylakoid membranes only
b)
inner mitochondrial membranes only
c)
thylakoid membrane and inner mitochondrial membranes
d)
thylakoid membrane and plasma membranes
51.
What are the two products of the light reactions that are needed for the calvin cycle?
a)
NAD and NADPH
b)
NADP + and Glucose
c)
NADPH and ATP
d)
Oxygen and NADPH
52.
Water is split during
a)

photophosphorylation

b)

photolysis

c)
calvin cycle
d)
cell respiration
53.

The rate of photosynthesis can be influenced by...

a)

Temperature

b)

Carbon dioxide levels

c)

Light intensity

d)

Oxygen concentration

54.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
55.
Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
56.
Which biomolecule is your main source of energy?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Protein
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
57.

Which biomolecule turns iodine solution dark purple or black?

a)

complex carbohydrate (polysaccharide-starch)

b)

protein

c)

simple carbohydrate (monosaccharide)

d)

lipid

58.
Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells have some parts that are different.  Which of the following would you find only in a eukaryotic cell? 
a)
Membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus
b)
A nucleus and organelles without membranes
c)
 A cell membrane and organelles without membranes
d)
Membrane-bound organelles and DNA in cytoplasm 
59.
This organelle takes food and turns it into ENERGY for plant and animal cells.
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Lysosome
d)
Ribosome
60.

What is produced during transcription (1st phase of protein synthesis) and carries DNA instructions to the ribosome?

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

amino acids

61.

Which molecule "carries" amino acids during protein synthesis?

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

tRNA

62.

This is an example of ___________?

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

63.

Which of these could be found in BOTH RNA & DNA?

a)

thymine + ribose + phosphate groups

b)

uracil + deoxyribose + phosphate groups

c)

guanine, cytosine + phosphate groups

64.
What do you call the non-Mendelian inheritance pattern where both traits are dominant and both appear in the organism with heterozygous genotype?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
65.

What type of inheritance is shown in this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Dominant

b)

Autosomal Recessive

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

66.

Which genetic abnormality is shown in this karyotype?

a)

Partial Addition

b)

Trisomy 18

c)

Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)

d)

Monosomy

67.
CO2 + H2O + Energy = C6H12O6 + O2  This is the equation for....
a)
Cellular Respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
68.
C6H12O6 + O2 = H2O + CO2 +Energy (ATP) is the equation for
a)
cellular respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
69.
The movement of MOLECULES from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
a)
diffusion
b)
exocytosis
c)

endocytosis

d)
osmosis
70.
The movement of WATER MOLECULES from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
a)
diffusion
b)
exocytosis
c)
endocytosis
d)
osmosis
71.
Aerobic respiration produces how many ATP molecules
a)
2
b)
26
c)
36
d)
50
72.
The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next...
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
50%
73.
The picture shows what type of succession?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quadanary
74.
The picture shows what type of succession?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quadanary
75.
Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 
a)
Hippopotamus 
b)
Baleen Whale
c)
Grazing Mammals
d)
Camels
76.

Structures with similar anatomy but have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

a)

vestigial structures

b)

homologous structures

c)

analogous structures

d)

fossil

77.
An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?
a)
Class Insecta
b)
Order Amblygygi
c)
Order Araneae
d)
Order Scorpiones
78.

What type of inheritance is shown in this pedigree?

a)

Autosomal Dominant

b)

Autosomal Recessive

c)

X-linked Dominant

d)

X-linked Recessive

79.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
80.
which of the following mutations results in the loss or addition of a single nucleotide, changing the DNA triplets
a)
missense
b)
nonsense
c)
frameshift
d)
silent
81.
______________ produces the most ATP.
a)
photosnthesis
b)
aerobic respiration
c)
anaerobic respiration
d)
glycolysis
82.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
c)
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
83.
What is cellular respiration?
a)
the breakdown of glucose  to release ATP
b)
the breakdown of glucose to release NADH
c)
the breakdown of glucose to release FADH
d)
the breakdown of glucose to release carbon
84.
Water will move INTO a cell in a(n) _______ solution
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Gravy
85.
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
86.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
87.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of
a)
one haploid gamete
b)
three diploid gametes
c)
four diploid gametes
d)
four haploid gametes
88.
If a somatic cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes, a butterfly egg would contain
a)
3
b)
6
c)
12
d)
24
89.
For what reason does DNA copy itself?
a)
to replace worn out DNA
b)
so cells can divide
c)
to export DNA to other parts of the body
d)
more DNA is better
90.

In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?

a)

Interphase (G1)

b)

Interphase (S)

c)

Interphase (G2)

d)

Mitosis

91.
Which macromolecule is shown?
 
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
92.
Which macromolecule is this?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
93.
What process best explains how a nerve cell and a muscle cell can both develop from the same fertilized egg?
a)
differentiation
b)
natural selection
c)
selective breeding
d)
genetic engineering
94.
During strenuous exercise, body temperature increases. The body responds to the increase in temperature by sweating, which helps to reduce the body temperature. Which is demonstrated in this situation?
a)
excretion
b)
metabolism
c)
homeostasis 
d)
synthesis
95.
What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle?
a)
to use oxygen to produce glucose 
b)
to take in excess water
c)
to use carbon dioxide to produce glucose
d)
to feed on herbivores 
96.
Before mitosis begins, which happens before the nucleus starts dividing?
a)
The cytoplasm separates.
b)
The DNA replicates. 
c)
The sister chromatids separate. 
d)
The homologous chromosomes cross over. 
97.
Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food. Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds? 
a)
competition
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predator-prey
98.
What will most likely happen if the human population continues to grow at current rates?
a)
There will be fewer natural resources available for future generations.
b)
There will be an increase in nitrogen levels in the atmosphere. 
c)
There will be a decrease in water pollution. 
d)
There will be an increase in the number of strong hurricanes. 
99.
Which statement best describes the relationship that exists among proteins, DNA, and cells?
a)
Proteins combine to produce cells, which produce DNA
b)
Proteins are made up of DNA, which determines the cells that are produced. 
c)
DNA is made up of proteins, which tell a cell how to function. 
d)
Cells contain DNA, which controls the production of proteins.
100.
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
a)
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism. 
b)
It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
c)
It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism. 
d)
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism. 

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