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Chapters 1-4 (Science)

Total questions: 140

Worksheet time: 2hrs 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is a cell?

a)

They are what make up animals

b)

They are what make up plants

c)

They are what make up all living things

d)

They are what make up everything

2.

What are the three (3) things that living things need to live?

a)

Energy

b)

Materials

c)

Space

d)

All of the above

3.

Why are microscopes so important to the study of cells?

a)

Cells are too big to see

b)

Cells are too small to see

c)

I can see cells with my eyes

d)

I need glasses to see cells

4.

What type of organism are you (HUMANS) ?

a)

Multicellular

b)

Unicellular

c)

One Cell

d)

organism

5.

What are the four(4) main characteristics that all living things share?

a)

Organization

b)

nonliving

c)

Growth and development

d)

Response to the environment

e)

Reproduction

6.

What is contained in a cell's nucleus?

a)

nuclei

b)

cell membrane

c)

cytoplasm

d)

genetic material (DNA)

7.

The inside of the cell is called?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

cytoplasm

c)

organelle

d)

chloroplasts

8.

A cell is surrounded by a

a)

cytoplasm

b)

cell

c)

cell membrane

d)

Cell wall

9.

Cells require water.

a)

True

b)

False

10.

Cells produce energy.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

Bacteria are a type of single celled organism.

a)

True

b)

False

12.

How are new cells made?

a)

A cell will split in two

b)

There are 'builder' cells that use nutrients to make them

c)

cells are taken from things we eat, and used in our body

d)

We are born with all of our cells

13.

What are the two main types of cells?

a)

person and grass

b)

skin and eye

c)

horse and cow

d)

plant and animal

14.

Which of the following functions or jobs do cells perform?

a)

Converting energy

b)

Digesting food

c)

Getting rid of waste

d)

All of the above

15.

About how many cells are in the average human body?

a)

Two million

b)

One hundred million

c)

Three trillion

d)

More than 37 trillion

16.

What are the Three(3) domains of organisms?

a)

Archaea

b)

Bacteria

c)

Parasites

d)

Eukarya

17.

All Eukaryotic organisms are in which domain?

a)

Archaea

b)

Bacteria

c)

Eukarya

d)

None of the above

18.

How many cells do a unicellular cell have?

(a)  

19.

How many cells do a multicellular cell have?

(a)  

20.

What are the Three (3) major parts of the Cell Theory

a)

Every living thing is made of one or more cells

b)

All cells carry out the functions needed for life

c)

New cells come only from other living cells

d)

None of the above

21.

Which three(3) elements make up most of the human body?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon

d)

Calcium

e)

Hydrogen

22.

Which two(2) elements make up a water molecule?

a)

Helium

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Carbon

d)

Oxygen

23.

One molecule of water contains____ hydrogen atoms

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

24.

One molecule of water contains____ oxygen atom(s)

a)

4

b)

3

c)

2

d)

1

25.

A carbohydrate is made up of _______ that are linked together

a)

sugars

b)

proteins

c)

bread

d)

energy

26.

Carbohydrates may be broken down to provide the cell with ________

a)

sugar

b)

energy

c)

life

d)

protein

27.

Examples of lipids are:

a)

fats

b)

oils

c)

waxes

d)

All of the above

28.

How many layers of lipids make up the cell membrane?

a)

three

b)

two

c)

one

29.

What are the four types of large molecules in living things?

a)

proteins

b)

carbohydrates

c)

Water

d)

LIpids

e)

Nucleic acids

30.

A cell has about (a)   percent of water

31.

Fats and oils are lipids and they do dissolve in water

a)

True

b)

False

32.

Nucleic Acids hold the cell's genetic information

a)

True

b)

False

33.

Proteins are made of smaller molecules called

a)

Bases

b)

Acids

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Amino Acids

34.

A major energy source for all cells is glucose. Glucose is a _____ molecule

a)

water

b)

food

c)

sugar

d)

energy

35.

OUR cells release chemical energy from_____

a)

water

b)

exercise

c)

sunlight

d)

food

36.

How do plants get their energy to make glucose and other sugars.

a)

water

b)

exercise

c)

sunlight

d)

food

37.

What is the process that plant cells use to change the energy in sunlight into the chemical energy in glucose called?

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Fermentation

d)

None of the above

38.

In what organelle does photosynthesis take place?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

None of the above

39.

Where is chlorophyll (green pigment) found?

a)

Plant cells

b)

Animal Cells

c)

Plant and Animals Cells

d)

None of the Above

40.

Chlorophyll is the molecule that captures the energy in sunlight

a)

True

b)

False

41.

The two basic processes that cells use to break down glucose for energy are: cellular respiration and fermentation

a)

False

b)

True

42.

Cellular respiration requires oxygen

a)

True

b)

False

43.

Fermentation requires oxygen

a)

True

b)

False

44.

Cellular respiration occurs in organelles called mitochondria?

a)

True

b)

False

45.

The process of fermentation is important in some foods. What 3 foods?

a)

Bread

b)

Meat

c)

Yogurt

d)

Cheese

46.

Fermentation produces a waste product called lactic acid. This makes your muscles sore after hard exercise.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Cell division is a process that divides one cell into two cells.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Before the cell divides, the DNA gets ____

a)

smaller

b)

bigger

c)

copied

d)

split

49.

Why is cell division important? Choose all correct answers.

a)

Help growth of an organism.

b)

Help eukaryotic cells evolve quickly.

c)

Repair damaged cells.

d)

Renew or replace old cells.

50.
A human usually has xx amount of chromosomes.
a)
6
b)
22
c)
4
d)
46
51.
A process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells is called...
a)
cell cycle
b)
cell division (mitosis)
c)
interphase
d)
cytokinesis
52.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
DeNatured Acid
b)
DomiNant Acid
c)
DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
d)
DiriboNucleic Acid
53.

Does the male or female have an XY pair of sex chromosomes?

a)

Female

b)

Male

54.

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread out

a)

True

b)

False

55.

When molecules move by diffusion, they move from areas with __ molecules to areas with __ molecules

a)

more/ more

b)

less/less

c)

more/less

d)

less/more

56.

The movement of particles is __________, resulting in the particles being spread throughout the container

a)

Structured

b)

In a straight line

c)

Random

d)

In curved, way motions

57.

Active transport requires energy

a)

True

b)

False

58.

The picture below is an example of _________________.

a)

osmosis

b)

isotonic

c)

diffusion

d)

active transport

59.
Which diagram best shows the end result of diffusion?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
60.

Diffusion is quicker/faster in ..................................

a)

solids

b)

liquids

c)

gases

61.

What is DIFFUSION?

a)
b)
62.

An increase in temperature does what to diffusion?

a)

Speeds it up

b)

Slows it down

c)

Nothing

d)

Stops it all together

63.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
64.
The division of the nucleus is known as:
a)
Synthesis
b)
Mitosis
c)
G1
d)
G2
65.
The cell spends most of it's life in ________________.
a)
mitosis
b)
cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
None of the above
66.
In what organelle is the genetic material found inside?
 
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Golgi Complex
c)
Nucleolus
d)
Nucleus
67.

Which of the following is/are results of the cell cycle ?

a)

growth

b)

repair of damaged cells

c)

replacement of dying cells.

d)

All of the above

68.

How many chromosomes will a normal human have after a complete cell cycle?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

47

d)

92

69.

What is the longest stage of the cell cycle?

a)

Interphase

b)

Mitosis

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Prophase

70.
The structure shown in the diagram is a _____________?
a)
chromatid
b)
chromosome
c)
centromere
d)
DNA
71.
How many stages are in mitosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
72.
Mitosis results in the formation of...
a)
Two identical cells with all of the original chromosomes
b)
Two different cells with half of the original chromosomes
c)
Four identical cells with all of the original chromosomes
d)
Four different cells with half of the original chromosomes
73.
What is the purpose of mitosis?
a)
To increase the surface area of a cell
b)
To allow cells to divide for growth, repair, and renewal
c)
For increasing genetic variation within a species
d)
To allow for DNA replication and protein synthesis
74.

DNA replication occurs during:

a)

Anaphase

b)

Interphase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Prophase

75.

_________ reproduction involves 2 parent cells, a sperm and an egg.

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

76.

______ reproduction involves 1 parent organism duplicating itself (copying)

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

77.

Offspring are identical to the parent

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

78.

Offspring are not identical to the parent, but contain genes from both

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

79.

Two parents produce an offspring that contains 1/2 of the parents' DNA.

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

80.

Asexual reproduction is associated with what type of cell division?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

81.

The process in which a body part gets broken off and grows into a whole new organism is called: Regeneration

a)

True

b)

False

82.
Mitosis is the process by which
a)
Cells get bigger
b)
Cells get smaller
c)
Body cells divide into two
d)
Cells die
83.
The original cell before it divides is called the
a)
Father cell
b)
Mother cell
c)
Parent cell
84.
The two cells that result after division are called the
a)
Sister cells
b)
Brother cells
c)
Son cells
d)
Daughter cells
85.

Which type of asexual reproduction is taking place?

A planarian is a non-parasitic flatworm. If a planarian was injured by a predator, it could re-grow its body parts. If the body parts were not eaten by the predator, the part could re-grow into a whole new planarian as well.

a)

Budding

b)

Fission

c)

Vegetative propagation

d)

Regeneration/Fragmentation

86.

A prokaryotic cell does NOT have a nucleus, so it cannot divide by mitosis. Instead, it divides through a process called___

a)

fusion

b)

fission

c)

binary fission

d)

Mitosis

87.
All Offspring of Asexual reproduction are identical
a)
True
b)
False
88.
How many parent(s)are needed for asexual?
a)
4
b)
1
c)
9
d)
100
89.
Which process is considered to be faster? 
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual 
90.
The passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring 
a)
Heredity
b)
Chromosome
c)
Genes
d)
Chemistry
91.
How many parents are required for sexual reproduction? 
a)
one
b)
two
c)
four
d)
six
92.

Sex cells are produced by _____________.

a)

photosynthesis

b)

zygotes

c)

meiosis

d)

mitosis

93.

Sex cells have ____________ of the DNA found in body cells.

a)

all

b)

none

c)

half

d)

a little bit

94.

What is an inherited trait?

a)

A trait handed down to you by your family.

b)

A trait you developed because of the environment.

c)

A trait handed to you from your friends.

d)

A trait you developed as an adult.

95.

What characteristic is most likely to be inherited by a baby?

a)

Being hungry

b)

The ability to talk

c)

Crying every 5 minutes

d)

Blue eyes

96.

What do we call the product of parents?

a)

Teenager

b)

Child

c)

Offspring

d)

Infant

97.
Characteristics passed from parents to their offspring.
a)
behavior
b)
learned trait
c)
inherited trait
d)
function
98.
Which characteristic is inherited?
a)
hair color
b)
sleeping late
c)
enjoying hiking
d)
loving to read
99.
An acquired trait means _________.
a)
your sister gave it to you
b)
it is learned or happened after birth
c)
you are a squire for the king
d)
your parents gave it to you
100.
What does DNA do?
a)
a.  It carries genetic codes from parents to offspring.
b)
a.  It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body.
c)
a.  It tells you who you are.
d)
a.  It defines the organism.
101.

Homozygous dominant

a)

FF

b)

Ff

c)

ff

102.

Homozygous recessive

a)

FF

b)

Ff

c)

ff

103.

Heterozygous

a)

FF

b)

Ff

c)

ff

104.

Used to show recessive alleles

a)

captial letters

b)

lowercase letters

c)

numbers

105.

Used to show dominant alleles

a)

captial letters

b)

lowercase letters

c)

numbers

106.

The physical appearance of an organism based on traits

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Meiosis

d)

Genetics

107.

The letters that represent different forms of a gene.

a)

Allele

b)

Mutation

c)

Trait

108.

Trait of an organism that can be HIDDEN by the dominant form of a trait.

a)

Recessive Trait

b)

Phenotype

c)

Allele

109.

Having two of the SAME alleles for a trait.

a)

Recessive Trait

b)

Homozygous

c)

Genotype

110.

The trait that overshadows and is expressed.

a)

Dominant Trait

b)

Phenotype

c)

Allele

111.

Having two DIFFERENT alleles for a trait.

a)

Recessive Trait

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Genotype

112.
What does the prefix hetero- in heterozygous mean?
a)
same
b)
different
c)
dating
d)
human
113.

In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

c)

both

114.

T - tall and t = short

In the Punnett square, what belongs in the missing square?

a)

tt

b)

Tt

c)

TT

115.

B = brown fur b = white fur

In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

116.

Each one of the boxes on the Punnett square represents what probability of an offspring's genotype?

a)

25%

b)

1%

c)

10%

d)

0%

117.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
118.
Dominant or recessive?
tt
a)
Dominant 
b)
Recessive
119.
This image shows a...
a)
Punnett Square
b)
Phenotype
c)
Genotype
d)
Dominant allele
120.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
121.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
122.

An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination. The letters we use to show the allele combination.

a)

phenotype

b)

genotype

123.

Humans have how many chromosomes?

a)

23

b)

36

c)

46

d)

53

124.

Meiosis is the process that produces cells with__ the usual number of chromosomes

a)

1/2

b)

all

c)

none

d)

1/4

125.

In humans, meiosis produces cells with__ chromosomes ( 1/2 of original chromosomes)

a)

23

b)

36

c)

46

d)

53

126.

Gametes have half the usual number of__

a)

cells

b)

DNA

c)

Meiosis

d)

chromosomes

127.

Another name for a sex cells, like egg and sperm is a:

a)
gamete
b)
embryo
c)
bone cell
d)
muscle cell
128.

What is the gamete that forms in the female reproductive organs?

a)

sperm

b)

cell

c)

egg

d)

chromosome

129.

What is the gamete that forms in the male reproductive organs?

a)

sperm

b)

cell

c)

egg

d)

chromosome

130.

The combination of an egg AND sperm to form a new complete cell is called __

a)

sterilization

b)

separation

c)

division

d)

Fertilization

131.

Chromosome pairs gets SEPARATED in the SECOND division of meiosis

a)

True

b)

False

132.

The COPIED chromosomes are separated in the SECOND division of meiosis

a)

True

b)

False

133.

What does the Acronym DNA stand for

a)

Do Not Abbreviate

b)

Double Nucleic Acids

c)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

d)

Detection of Nucleic Acids

134.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
135.

What does the Acronym RNA stand for

a)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

b)

Red Nucleic Acids

c)

Ribonucleic Acid

d)

Reaction of Nucleic Acids

136.

RNA is a molecule that uses the information in DNA to connect amino acids into proteins

a)

True

b)

False

137.

How many steps are there to make proteins?

a)

5

b)

3

c)

4

d)

2

138.

The information in DNA is transferred to

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Protein

d)

None

139.

The information in the RNA molecule is used for

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Protein

d)

None

140.

At the end of transcription and translation, what type of molecule is made from the information stored in DNA

a)

genetics

b)

DNA

c)

protein

d)

RNA

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