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Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 103

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

DNA carries the instructions for making what?

a)

Proteins

b)

Hydrogen bonds

c)

Nitrogen bases

d)

Double Helix

2.

What holds 2 strands of DNA together?

a)

Hydrogen Bonds

b)

Nitrogen Bases

c)

Proteins

d)

Superman

3.

DNA molecules are what shape?

a)

Double Helix

b)

Triangle

c)

Quadrilateral

d)

Pentagon

4.

Why can genes be transferred between organisms?

a)

They use the same genetic code

b)

The nitrogen bases have complementary bases

c)

They have the same nitrogen bases

d)

Because Guanine always pairs with Cytosine

5.

What are the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA?

a)

A, T, G, C

b)

A, U, G, C

c)

A, T, U, C

d)

A, T, U, G

6.

Which cell organelle directs Protein Synthesis?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Golgi Body

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondria

7.

What is the purpose of transcription?

a)

To make new proteins

b)

To make mRNA

c)

To use the genetic code

d)

To break proteins down into amino acids

8.

What is the purpose of translation?

a)

To make new proteins

b)

To make mRNA

c)

To use the genetic code

d)

To break down proteins into amino acids

9.

What is each codon translated into?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Protein

c)

Nucleic acid

d)

tRNA

10.

Which process transfers information from DNA to RNA?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Meiosis

d)

Photosynthesis

11.

Which process uses information from mRNA to make proteins?

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Meiosis

d)

Photosynthesis

12.

What term does #2 represent?

a)

Transcription

b)

mRNA

c)

Translation

d)

Deoxyribose

e)

Protein

13.

What term does Y represent?

a)

Transcription

b)

mRNA

c)

Translation

d)

Deoxyribose

e)

Protein

14.

What term does this image represent?

a)

Transcription

b)

mRNA

c)

Translation

d)

Deoxyribose

e)

Protein

15.

What term does this image represent?

a)

Transcription

b)

mRNA

c)

Translation

d)

Double Helix

e)

Protein

16.

Which is a macromolecule that carries the genetic code and allows for organisms to pass on traits to their offspring?

a)

protein

b)

DNA

c)

hemoglobin

d)

lipids

17.

A _____________ is a segment of DNA. It has a particular location on a chromosome.

a)

protein

b)

gene

c)

nucleic acid

d)

histone

18.

Where do eukaryotic organisms store their DNA?

a)

in the cytoplasm

b)

in the ribosomes

c)

in the Golgi apparatus

d)

in the nucleus

19.

Type of RNA that carries instructions in the nucleus to the ribosome

(a)  

20.

sequence of three bases on a strand of mRNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid

(a)  

21.

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

(a)  

22.

A part of the cell containing DNA

(a)  

23.

building block of protein

(a)  

24.

The letters on the DNA molecule represent different types of

a)

Sugars

b)

Molecular bases

c)

Enzymes

d)

Proteins

25.

A nitrogenous base sequence found in a portion of a gene is C-G-A-T-A. Which sequence would be bonded to this section of the gene?

a)

A-T-G-C-A

b)

G-C-T-A-T

c)

T-A-C-G-C

d)

A-T-A-G-C

26.

In a DNA molecule, 12% of the molecular bases are Cytosine. What percent are Adenine?

a)

12

b)

24

c)

38

d)

62

27.

Process by which an exact copy of each chromosome is made before cell division

a)

Synthesis

b)

Genetic Engineering

c)

Replication

d)

Mutation

28.

Which base is used in RNA synthesis but not in DNA synthesis?

a)

Uracil

b)

Adenine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

29.

Choose the best complementary messenger-RNA sequence for the following DNA sequence: C-A-A-G-G-T

a)

C-A-A-G-G-U

b)

G-T-T-C-C-A

c)

C-A-A-G-G-T

d)

G-U-U-C-C-A

30.

Skin cancer caused by exposure to radiation in tanning beds is a direct result of a

a)

Change in a sugar molecule

b)

Mutation in genetic material

c)

Mutation in protein

d)

Change in a fat molecule

31.

sugar in RNA

(a)  

32.

consists of a phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogen base

(a)  

33.

process by which a section of DNA is used to produce a single-stranded RNA molecule

(a)  

34.

the process whereby genetic information coded in messenger RNA directs the formation of a specific protein at a ribosome in the cytoplasm

(a)  

35.

organelle where amino acids are bonded together to form proteins

(a)  

36.

The process of making proteins from amino acids

(a)  

37.

Nitrogen base that pairs with adenine in RNA

(a)  

38.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
39.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
40.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
41.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
42.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

43.

How many nucleotides code for 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

44.

A string of amino acids, also known as a protein

a)

polypeptide

b)

amino acid

c)

chromatin

d)

mRNA

45.

The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell grows, prepares for division, and replicated its DNA. The cell spends 90% of its life in this phase.

a)

Interphase

b)

Mitosis

c)

Meiosis

d)

Cytokinesis

46.

Which is a macromolecule that carries the genetic code and allows for organisms to pass on traits to their offspring?

a)

protein

b)

DNA

c)

hemoglobin

d)

lipids

47.

What is the outcome of DNA transcription and translation?

a)

Make muscles

b)

Make protein

c)

Make cells

d)

Make DNA

48.

What is the basic unit (monomer) of DNA?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Amino Acid

d)

Monosaccharide

49.

What shape is DNA?

a)

Alpha Helix

b)

Double Helix

c)

Tangled

d)

Flat

50.

DNA is the ​ (a)   of ​ life .​

Choose from the below words
code
signal
source
51.

DNA is found in the (a)   . This is also where mRNA is created.

52.

What is true of RNA? (select all that apply)

a)

Single Strand

b)

Contains uracil

c)

Ribose Sugar

d)

Deoxyribose Sugar

53.

What is true of DNA?

a)

Double Helix

b)

Contains Thymine

c)

Deoxyribose Sugar

d)

Ribose Sugar

54.

The m in mRNA stands for (a)  

55.

In RNA, Adenine (A) pairs with...

a)

T

b)

U

c)

C

d)

G

56.

Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA?

a)

Double stranded

b)

Contains the base Thymine

c)

Can leave the nucleus

d)

Contains the sugar deoxyribose

57.

What would be the complementary RNA sequence for the following DNA sequence?

ATTCGT

a)

UAAGCA

b)

TAAGCA

c)

GCCTAC

d)

UGCUAC

58.

What is the name of the process in which DNA is transcribed into RNA?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Protein Synthesis

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

59.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
60.

The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.

a)

cell

b)

nucleotide

c)

nucleus

d)

mitochondrion

61.

DNA holds the code for making

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

sugars

62.

Choose the sequence of the mRNA strand that would be match up with to the following strand:

GTAGTCA

a)

UATUAGA

b)

ACGACTG

c)

CAUCAGU

d)

CATCAGT

63.
Contains the bases adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both
64.
What part of protein synthesis does this diagram represent?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
RNA
65.
What molecules do both DNA and RNA contain?
a)
uracil
b)
nucleotides
c)
thymine
d)
deoxyribose
66.
which process is shown?
a)
diffusion
b)
repiration
c)
recombination
d)
translation
67.
Which of the following is the template for the production of RNA within a cell?
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
ATO
d)
carbohydrate
68.

Process of copying a nucleotide sequence of DNA to form a complementary strand of mRNA

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Synthesis

69.

Organelle that links amino acids together to form (make) proteins

a)

rRNA

b)

Ribose

c)

Ribosome

d)

Peptide Bond

70.

Molecule that makes up proteins (monomer of proteins)

a)

Ribosome

b)

rRNA

c)

Ribose

d)

Amino acid

71.

Carries copies of DNA's genetic material from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

a)

messenger RNA (mRNA)

b)

transfer RNA (tRNA)

c)

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

d)

Ribosome

72.

The bond formed between two amino acids when making a polypeptide

a)

Hydrogen Bond

b)

Peptide Bond

c)

Phosphate Bond

d)

Covalent Bond

73.

Which of the following summarizes what is happening during transcription?

a)

mRNA ⇒ DNA

b)

DNA ⇒ mRNA

c)

mRNA ⇒ protein

d)

protein ⇒ mRNA

74.

Which of the following summarizes what is happening during translation?

a)

mRNA ⇒ DNA

b)

DNA ⇒ mRNA

c)

mRNA ⇒ protein

d)

protein ⇒ mRNA

75.

Which statement about transcription and translation is correct?

a)

Transcription takes place in the nucleus, whereas translation takes place in the cytoplasm.

b)

Translation takes place in the nucleus, whereas transcription takes place in the cytoplasm.

76.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AAA TCG TTG CCC

a)

AAA TCG TTG CCC

b)

TTT AGC AAC GGG

c)

UUU AGC AAC GGG

d)

UUU TGC TTC GGG

77.

Transcription takes place in the

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Nucleus

78.

Translation takes place in the

a)

cytoplasm

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Nucleus

79.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
80.

Which of the following best describes the shape of DNA?

a)
double helix
b)

globular

c)

fibrils

d)
single stranded
81.
DNA is a polymer made of:
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Purines
d)
Pyrimidines
82.

A nucleotide is composed of

a)

A phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous base

b)

A protein, sulfur and guanine

c)

A phosphate, lipid and a base

d)

A protein, sugar and nitrogenous base

83.

What forms the backbone of the DNA ladder?

a)

nitrogenous bases

b)

deoxyriboses and phosphates

c)

genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

84.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

85.

Which bonds join the nitrogenous bases in the centre of the DNA strand?

a)
Covalent Bonds
b)
Ionic Bonds
c)
Hydrogen Bonds
d)
Metallic Bonds
86.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)

A-T, G-C

87.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand?

ATG TGA CAG

a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
88.

How is RNA different from DNA? Select all that apply.

a)

RNA contains the base thymine.

b)

RNA contains the sugar ribose.

c)

RNA contains the sugar deoxyribose.

d)

RNA contains the base uracil.

e)

RNA is single-stranded

89.

Which of the following is found in the cells of all living things?

a)

chloroplasts

b)

nucleus

c)

mitochondrion

d)

genetic material

90.

What do we call the shape a DNA molecule takes?

a)

double-stranded

b)

double helix

c)

sugar-phosphate backbone

d)

pentagon

91.

What are the names of the large structures of DNA which are used to package the genetic information within cells?

a)

enzymes

b)

ribosomes

c)

chromosomes

d)

vitamins

92.

DNA is the ​ (a)   of ​ life .​

Choose from the below words
code
signal
source
93.

DNA is found in the (a)   . This is also where mRNA is created.

94.

Which amino acid will be added to a protein chain if the codon is UAA?

a)

Ser

b)

Lys

c)

Ala

d)

STOP

95.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


UGG-ACU-CGA-GUG

(a)  

96.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


AUU-AAG-UGC-GGG

(a)  

97.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


CCA-GAG-UUU-UAG

(a)  

98.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:


GUA-CAU-UUG-AGA

(a)  

99.

Translation is a process that produces

a)

mRNA

b)

chromosomes

c)

proteins

d)

tRNA

100.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

101.
The DNA sequence ATCAGCGCTGGC is part of a gene. how many amino acids are coded for by this message?
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
102.

Arginine

a)

AAG

b)

AGG

c)

ACU

d)

CUG

e)

UAG

103.

Lysine

a)

AAG

b)

AGG

c)

ACU

d)

CUG

e)

UAG

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