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FINALS-Earth & Life Science

Total questions: 130

Worksheet time: 2hrs 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The term Cell was coined by

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Robert Brown

c)

JE Purkinje

d)

AV Leeuwenhoek

2.

Schleiden and Schwann believed _____.

a)

that organisms were the basic unit of life

b)

that both cells and organisms were basic units of life

c)

that the questions of the basic unit of life were too abstract to answer

d)

none of the above

3.

The spherical object within a cell that controls its activity is the _____.

a)

mitochondria

b)

nucleus

c)

ribosome

d)

membrane

4.

_________________ is the study of life.

a)

Cytology

b)

Physiology

c)

Biology

d)

Anatomy

5.

Plants have a large ______________ for storing water.

a)

mitochondria

b)

nucleus

c)

vacuole

d)

golgi body

6.
Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a)
Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
b)
Eukaryotic cells do not have nucleus, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.
c)
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
d)
Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.
7.
In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotes usually have a single nucleus, but a few cell types, such as mammalian red blood cells, have no nuclei, and a few others have many. Which is the role of nucleus in eukaryotes?
a)
Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes. 
b)
Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell 
c)
Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell 
d)
Stack of membranes that packages chemicals
8.
What do all of these organisms have in common?
a)
They all have uniform offspring
b)
They are all made of cells
c)
They possess the same features
d)
They have the same internal and external structures
9.
The levels of organization from the simplest to the most complex are
a)
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism
b)
Organisms, organs, tissues, cells, organ systems
c)
Cells, organs, organ systems, tissues, organism
d)
Tissues, cells, organs, organism
10.
Which organelle is only found in a plant cell? 
a)
nucleus
b)
chloroplast
c)
mitochondria
d)
cell membrane
11.
Where is DNA stored in a cell? 
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Golgi Complex
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Nucleus
12.
What is the fluid inside a cell called? 
a)
Endoplasimic Reticulum
b)
Orange Juice
c)
Water
d)
Cytoplasm
13.
This organelle helps plants keep their rigid structure. 
a)
Cell wall
b)
Cell membrane
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
14.
The green pigment in plants is due to the presence of 
a)
chlorophyll
b)
Chlorine
c)
Chlorophyta
d)
chromatophores
15.
A group of the same type of cells that work together for a purpose are called -
a)
 a tissue
b)
an organ
c)
an organ system
d)
an unicellular organism
16.
A group of different tissues working together is - 
a)
an organ
b)
an organ system
c)
a   prokaryote
d)
a cell
17.
Two examples of organ systems in the human body are - 
a)
digestive system and respiratory system
b)
circulatory system and fluid system
c)
blood system and food system
d)
nervous system and stomach system
18.
Which statement is correct?
a)
A group of organs work together to form an organ system
b)
Tissues that have the same function form an organ system
c)
Cell that have the same function form an organ
d)
Organ systems working together form a tissue
19.
What does DNA do?
a)
a.  It carries genetic codes from parents to offspring.
b)
a.  It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body.
c)
a.  It tells you who you are.
d)
a.  It defines the organism.
20.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
21.

How many chromosomes do human cells have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

44

22.

The type of weak bond found between the complementary base pairs in a strand of DNA.

a)

hydrogen bond

b)

base pair

c)

nucleotide sequence

d)

nucleotide

23.

Which of the following nitrogenous bases are paired correctly?

a)

Adenine-guanine

b)

cytosine-thymine

c)

adenine-thymine

d)

guanine-thymine

24.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
25.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
26.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
27.

The 2 exact copies of DNA in a chromosome are called ________.

a)

chromatids

b)

genes

c)

mutations

d)

pathogens

28.
The process of making RNA (i.e. mRNA) from DNA is called
a)
Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Translation
d)
Protein synthesis
29.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
30.
What is the source of energy for photosynthesis?
a)
carbohydrates-chemical
b)
sunlight-radiant
c)
heat-thermal
d)
television-electrical
31.
What are the reactants (what's needed) for photosynthesis?
a)
glucose and oxygen
b)
light, water, and carbon dioxide
32.
What gas is released by plants during photosynthesis?
a)
sulfur
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
oxygen
d)
hydrogen
33.
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
a)
make glucose
b)
make ATP
c)
make light
d)
release carbon dioxide
34.
What are the products (what's made) during photosynthesis?
a)
glucose and oxygen
b)
water, light, and carbon dioxide
35.
What is the gas we breath out that plants use for photosynthesis?
a)
sulfur
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
oxygen
d)
hydrogen
36.
How can photosynthesis be related to cellular respiration?
a)
What's produced (made) by one is needed (the reactants) for the other
b)
They both produce the same products
c)
They both have the same reactants (need the same things)
d)
These 2 processes have nothing in common
37.
This is referred to as the energy currency of the cell
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
38.
This molecule contains three phosphate groups
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
39.
This molecule contains two phosphate groups
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
40.
This process releases chemical energy from sugars and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present.
a)
photosynthesis
b)
light-independent reaction
c)
cellular respiration
d)
light-dependent reaction
41.
This means that oxygen is needed
a)
anaerobic 
b)
aerobic
42.
This means that oxygen is not needed
a)
anaerobic 
b)
aerobic
43.

Is photosynthesis endergonic or exergonic?

a)

Endergonic

b)

Exergonic

44.

Is cellular respiration endergonic or exergonic?

a)

Endergonic

b)

Exergonic

45.

substance that speeds up a reaction

a)

enzyme

b)

carbohydrate

c)

water

d)

lipids

46.

which is an example of kinetic energy?

a)

a ball rolling down a hill

b)

a ball at the top of a hill

47.

which is an example of potential energy?

a)

a ball rolling down a hill

b)

a ball at the top of a hill

48.

type of metabolic reaction in which large molecules are broken down in to many smaller molecules

a)

enzymes

b)

catabolic

c)

anabolic

d)

competitive

49.

energy currency of a cell

a)

GDP

b)

ATP

c)

ADP

d)

enyzmes

50.

When viewing a cork through his homemade microscope, Robert Hook discovered small compartments that he called _____.

a)

boxes

b)

cells

c)

prokaryotes

d)

eukaryotes

51.

Cactus plants make food in their (a)   .

52.

What is it called when a plant or animal has a trait that helps it survive in a specific environment?

a)

instinct

b)

mimicry

c)

camouflage

d)

adaptation

53.

Desert plants have a coat of wax on their leaves to

a)

keep water from escaping

b)

protect them from animals eating them

c)

absorb water from the air

d)

release scent to attract animals

54.

What does a plant need to survive?

a)

sunlight

b)

water

c)

nutrients

d)

All of the above

55.

What does the stem of a plant do?

a)

It carries water and nutrients to other parts of the plant.

b)

It makes food for the plant.

c)

It soaks up water from the ground.

d)

It makes seeds.

56.

Identify the picture

a)

sundew

b)

Venus flytrap

c)

pitcher plant

57.

What are the type of Aquatic Plants?

a)

Pine tree,Oak tree,Maple tree

b)

Fixed plants,Submerged plants,Floating plants

c)

Aloe Vera plant and cactus

58.

Trees that shed their leaves once in a year are called-----

a)

deciduous trees

b)

conifers

c)

mangroves

d)

coconut

59.

what is the process of food prepared by plants called?

a)

carbon di oxide

b)

glucose

c)

oxygen

d)

photosynthesis

60.

An adaptation that helps the plant in the diagram live in the desert is ___ [TP2]

a)

wide, flat leaves to catch water

b)

bright green color

c)

thin, spiny needles

d)

tall stems

61.
The colors & patterns on a turtles shell help it blend in with the forest floor.  This is:
a)
hibernation.
b)
behavior.
c)
migration.
d)
camouflage.
62.

Both plants and animals will benefit from adaptations to improve their chances to survive.

a)

True

b)

False

63.

Why do giraffes have long necks and rough tounges?

a)

To look like trees

b)

to reach leaves on trees

c)

to hide in trees

d)

to swing from trees

64.

Why do some organisms, like butterflies, have bright colors?

a)

to warn predators they are poisonous

b)

to make it easier to find food

c)

to help them fly long distances

d)

to blend in with their surroundings

65.

What is natural selection?

a)

passing of hiding traits to future generations

b)

passing of survival traits to future generations

c)

passing of hunting traits to future generations

66.

Polar bear get protection from severe cold from his

a)

small eyes

b)

thick fur

c)

sharp claws

d)

strong limbs

67.

A species has physically adapted by using camouflage. What is true?

a)

it has migrated to avoid predators

b)

it has hibernated to avoid predators

c)

it has "played dead" to avoid predators

d)

it has blended in with its surrounding to avoid predators

68.

What is another term for inherited behaviors?

a)

hibernation

b)

instinct

c)

physical adaptation

d)

natural selection

69.

A bear sleeps all winter. What is this form of adaptation called?

a)

playind dead

b)

hibernation

c)

migration

d)

camouflage

70.

Define adaptation

a)

a change an organism goes through to fit into its environment

b)

a change an organism goes through to leave its environment

71.

What is camouflage?

a)

a physical adaptation that helps organisms blend in with their surroundings

b)

a physical adaptation that helps organisms sleep better

c)

a physical adaptation that helps organisms catch food

d)

a physical adaptation that helps organisms move faster

72.

What is migration?

a)

when animals move to a different place to survive

b)

when animals stay in one place to survive

c)

when animals live in many different places to survive

73.

There are two types of adaptations

a)

True

b)

False

74.

Structural features are physical features of an organism

a)

True

b)

False

75.

Behavioral feature is about physical feature of an organism.

a)

True

b)

False

76.

Actions animals take to survive in their environment is ....

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

77.

Thick fur on a polar bear to keep it warm is example of

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

78.

Chipmunks collect and store food so they can find it in winter is example of

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

79.

Plants grow toward the sunlight to capture more is example of

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

80.

Which animal adaptation is the Bear using?

a)

Migration

b)

Hibernation

c)

Mimicry

d)

Camouflage

81.

Camouflage is when an animal or plant blends into its environment.

a)

True

b)

False

82.

Which animal adaptation is the caterpillar using?

a)

Mimicry

b)

Migration

c)

Camouflage

d)

Hibernation

83.

When an animal copies or behaves like another animal to protect itself from predators.

a)

Migration

b)

Hibernation

c)

Mimicry

d)

Camouflage

84.

Which animal adaptation are the Zebras using?

a)

Migration

b)

Mimicry

c)

Hibernation

d)

Camouflage

85.

Which animal adaptation is the owl using?

a)

Mimicry

b)

Hibernation

c)

Camouflage

d)

Migration

86.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
87.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA 
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
88.
Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
89.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
90.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
91.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
92.

What are the three types of gene mutation?

a)

Insertion, Deletion, Subsitution

b)

Aberration, Deletion, Substitution

c)

Inversion, Duplication, Insertion

d)

Insertion, Duplication, Substitution

93.
What do helpful mutations do? 
a)
Increases chances of survival 
b)
Decreases changes of survival 
c)
Increases chances of developing cancer
d)
Decreases skills
94.

In this type of point mutation, one base pair is lost

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

95.

In this type of point mutation, one extra base pair is inserted into a sequence of DNA

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

96.

True or false, mutations create genetic diversity?

a)

True

b)

False

97.

Mutations are SOMETIMES helpful to the organism.

a)

true

b)

false

98.

When HUMANS select or choose a plant or animal for breeding based on a desired trait

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

99.

Shows how different groups of organisms have changed over time.

a)

fossil record

b)

homologous structures

c)

embryology

100.

Parts of the body that are similar to other species because they have a common ancestor

a)

fossil record

b)

homologous structures

c)

embryology

101.

Body part you have that use to have a purpose but now has little or no function

a)

vestigial organ

b)

embryology

c)

homologous structures

102.

Scientist that contributed the most to our understanding of evolution

a)

Darwin

b)

Lamarck

103.

Organisms with the best suited adaptations for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than organisms that are not very well adapted

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

creationism

104.

Select the word that goes best with the image

a)

fossil

b)

extinct

c)

mutation

105.

Select the right word for this definition:

"An idea that explains something, but may or may not be right."

a)

mutation

b)

fossil

c)

theory

106.

Select the word that goes best with the image

a)

camouflage

b)

survive

c)

theory

107.

A lot of evidence supports the ___ of continental drift, which explains why the continents look like puzzle pieces that could fit together.

a)

theory

b)

fossil

c)

natural selection

108.

Cacti can ___ in hot, dry climates where many other plants would die.

a)

camouflage

b)

survive

c)

evolution

109.

Select the word that goes best with the image

a)

fossil

b)

natural selection

c)

evolution

110.

Select the word that goes best with the image

a)

evolution

b)

fossil

c)

extinct

111.

What is recombinant DNA

a)

DNA from 2 different organisms combined

b)

DNA from 2 different ribosomes

c)

DNA that is separated out from a vector

112.

"transgenic" refers to an animal that:

a)

Has DNA from another organism spliced into its genome

b)

Has undergone DNA modification

c)

Has unique genes for its species

113.

A circular piece of DNA, found in bacteria, is called:

a)

A plasmid

b)

mRNA

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleotide

114.
When DNA is manipulated and moved from one source to another it is known as
a)
genetic engineering
b)
electrophoresis
c)
gene therapy
d)
GMO
115.
Making changes in the DNA of an organism is
a)
selective breeding
b)
artificial selection
c)
genetic engineering
d)
genetic transformation
116.

What cell organelle is removed from a bacterial cell during Genetic Engineering?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Plasmid

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Ribosome

117.

What is used to 'cut' the bacterial plasmid open?

a)

Gene

b)

Chromosome

c)

Enzyme

d)

Protein

118.

What takes place after the gene is extracted and the plasmid is cut open?

a)

The plasmid is inserted into the bacterial cell

b)

The gene is extracted from the chromosome

c)

The gene is inserted into the plasmid

d)

The bacterial cell multiplies

119.

What molecule is used to seal the required gene into the plasmid?

a)

Protein

b)

Enzyme

c)

Chromosome

d)

Cellulose

120.

Which of the following is an example of a medical product of Genetic Engineering?

a)

Starch

b)

Insulin

c)

Amylase

d)

Glucose

121.
What is genetic engineering?
a)
Manipulation/addition of genes
b)
Naturally breeding two animals with desired traits
c)
Cross-pollinating two crops
d)
Harvesting stem cells
122.
What is a GMO?
a)
An organism with foreign DNA
b)
An organism missing genes
c)
Epigenetics
d)
A genetically identical organism
123.

What is a GMO?

a)

An organism that has had its DNA modified by humans

b)

An organism missing a chromosome

c)

Epigenetics

d)

A genetically identical organism

124.

Can biotech foods cause allergic reactions in some people?

a)

Yes, but only if people eat large quantities of the biotech food.

b)

Yes, if the biotech food contains a gene from a food known to cause an allergic reaction.

c)

No. All biotech foods are hypoallergenic.

d)

No, because food allergies are psychological and not physical.

125.
DNA can be spliced, in order to insert it in a different organism, using
a)
prescription enzymes
b)
digestive enzymes
c)
restriction enzymes
d)
transcription enzymes
126.
When human DNA is inserted in bacterial DNA to create insulin it is called
a)
viral DNA
b)
bacterial DNA
c)
recombinant DNA
d)
transcribed DNA
127.

With this technique, many copies of DNA segment in a few hours are created

a)

PCR

b)

PDR

c)

PNR

d)

DNAR

128.

PCR stands for

a)

polymerase chain reaction

b)

polymerase coal reaction

c)

polymerase cloning reaction

129.
Advantages of genetically modified crops include(s)
a)
insect resistance
b)
drought/freeze resistance
c)
higher yield
d)
all of these are reasons for using GMOs
130.

In which ways can genetic engineering can improve crops

a)

Make them pest or drought resistant

b)

Make them more nutritious

c)

Make them larger

d)

All answers are correct

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