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Weather Climate and Energy

Total questions: 127

Worksheet time: 3hrs 11mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What causes wind to blow?

a)

Animal movement

b)

Ocean currents

c)

Similar air temperatures

d)

Differences in air temperatures

2.

Water flowing in a continuous path through the ocean is called

a)

the Coriolis Effect

b)

an ocean highway

c)

an ocean current

d)

an ocean river

3.

The warm, strong current off the coast of Florida is the

a)

North Equatorial Current

b)

East Australian Current

c)

Gulf Stream

d)

California Current

e)

Brazil Current

4.

The Coriolis Effect changes a current's path due to Earth's

a)

rotation

b)

winds

c)

tides

d)

temperature differences

5.

Heat transfer is really neat! It always goes from

a)

hot to cold

b)

cold to hot

c)

top to bottom

d)

bottom to top

6.

Warm water is _____ dense and _____ than cold water

a)

more; heavier

b)

more; lighter

c)

less; heavier

d)

less; lighter

7.

Ocean currents move energy in the form of

a)

salt

b)

heat

c)

oxygen

d)

nutrients

8.
Increased carbon dioxide may cause global warming by trapping more ____________ in the atmosphere.
a)
water
b)
gases
c)
heat
d)
water vapor
9.
Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?
a)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960
b)
Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide
c)
humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels
d)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960
10.

The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is

a)

riding bicycles

b)

burning fossil fuels

c)

texting on cellphones

d)

eating meat

11.
How does the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere affect climate?
a)
As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures increase
b)
As carbon dioxide concentration increase, temperatures decrease.
c)
Carbon dioxide concentrations have no affect on climate
d)
As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures become more random.
12.
The condition of the atmosphere, such as temperature, cloud cover, wind speed and rainfall
a)
climate
b)
weather
c)
trend
d)
season
13.
______ is the average pattern for weather over a long period of time.
a)
climate
b)
weather
c)
forecast
d)
sunlight
14.
the amount of water vapor in the air
a)
warm front
b)
precipitation
c)
humidity
d)
air pressure
15.

Land closer to the equator is

a)

colder.

b)

warmer.

c)

dry.

16.

Which of the following best describes weather?

a)

day to day conditions of the atmosphere at a place in regards to heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.

b)

long-term conditions (months/years) of the atmosphere at a place in regards to heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.

17.
The condition of the atmosphere, such as temperature, cloud cover, wind speed and rainfall
a)
climate
b)
weather
c)
trend
d)
season
18.
Average weather conditions of a region year after year
a)
weather
b)
season
c)
cold front
d)
climate
19.
What is the condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a certain time and place?
a)
climate
b)
temperature
c)
weather
d)
air pressure
20.
What climate does a desert have?
a)
Tropical
b)
Polar
c)
Arid/Dry
d)
Temperate
21.
Two major factors used to identify climate are?
a)
longitude and latitude
b)
temperature and precipitation
c)
lattitude and temperature
d)
layers in the atmosphere
22.

Which part of our planet receives the most direct sunlight?

a)

near the poles.

b)

near the equator

c)

the bottom half

d)

the core

23.

Which of these is NOT a factor that affects the climate

a)

Distance from the equator

b)

Distance from the sea

c)

Distance from the mountains

d)

Altitude

24.

Describe the climate for the polar zone.

a)

Very cold

b)

Very hot

c)

Different seasons (hot, cold, warm, cool)

25.
As you go to the top of a mountain, what happens to temperature?
a)
Nothing
b)
It increases
c)
It decreases
d)
It goes up and down
26.
The sun’s rays are least direct __________.
a)
near the poles.      
b)
in July.
c)
near the equator.
d)
far from the ocean.
27.

The higher the altitude of a city, the _______________ the temperatures are.

a)

hotter

b)

colder

c)

more consistent

d)

weirder

28.

The average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample

a)

heat

b)

temperature

c)

convection

d)

density

29.

What are a circular system of currents in the Earth's major oceans?

a)

ocean current

b)

gyre

c)

upwelling

d)

conveyor belt

30.

Ocean currents affect climates around the world. Based on the map, which area MOST likely has a warmer climate than expected?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

31.
Surface currents are mainly caused by
a)
The Coriolis Effect
b)
Cold and Warm Water
c)
Convection
d)
Wind
32.
The warm, strong current off the coast of Florida is the 
a)
Gulf Stream
b)
California Current
c)
North Equatorial Current
d)
Brazil Current
33.
Ocean currents bring warm water from the equator towards Earth's
a)
Southern Hemisphere
b)
Continents
c)
Equator
d)
Poles
34.

What heats the Earth's oceans?

a)

People

b)

Boats

c)

a heater

d)

sun

35.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
36.
Where does the initial source of energy come from that creates winds?
a)
the moon
b)
the sun
c)
the Earth's surface
d)
the rotation of the Earth
37.

True or false: Ocean currents have no effect on air temperature

a)

True

b)

False

38.

If the ocean water is 24 degrees and the air is 38, energy will -

a)

transfer from the ocean to the air

b)

remain in the ocean

c)

transfer from the air to the ocean

d)

remain in the air

39.

If the air temperature is 25 and the ocean temperature is 29 -

a)

energy will transfer from the ocean to the air

b)

energy will transfer from the air to the ocean

c)

no energy will be transferred

40.

Which of the following best describes the difference between weather and climate?

a)

Weather happens in your state, and climate happens in your country.

b)

Weather includes the wind and rainfall, whereas climate only describes the temperature.

c)

Weather can be predicted but climate cannot.

d)

Weather describes conditions such as wind and rain at a particular time, whereas climate describes typical seasonal conditions.

41.

What is the main cause of deepwater ocean currents?

a)

freshwater rivers and streams flowing into the ocean.

b)

wind, caused by variations in air pressure, blowing on water.

c)

differences in water density because of variations in water temperature and salt concentration.

d)

the Coriolis effect: Earth's rotation causing the water in the oceans to move.

42.

What substances make up most of the atmosphere?

a)

nothing except sometimes clouds

b)

gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and water vapor

c)

tiny particles of pollution from cars and other machines

d)

greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane

43.

Which one of the following statements about Earth's atmosphere is TRUE?

a)

The temperature in the atmosphere increases as it gets closer to the Sun.

b)

The air pressure increases as you go up in the atmosphere.

c)

The atmosphere has different temperatures and pressures at different altitudes.

d)

The atmosphere has the same temperature and pressure at all altitudes.

44.

Approximately what percentage of Earth's surface is covered with water?

a)

30%

b)

50%

c)

70%

d)

90%

45.

What type of instrument is used to measure wind speed?

a)

wind vane

b)

speedometer

c)

the Beaufort scale

d)

anemometer

46.

Which of the following scientists studies the distribution and movement of Earth's water?

a)

climatologist

b)

hydrologist

c)

meteorologist

d)

atmospheric scientist

47.

Which location has the driest climate?

a)

Location A

b)

Location B

c)

Location C

d)

Location D

48.

Use the table to answer which location has the wettest climate?

a)

Location A

b)

Location B

c)

Location C

d)

Location D

49.

Use the table to answer the question. Each location has an average annual temperature above 18ºC (64ºF). Which location is most likely to have a tropical climate?

a)

Location A

b)

Location B

c)

Location C

d)

Location D

50.
Large body of air with the same temperature, pressure, and moisture characteristics is called?
a)
warm front
b)
cold front
c)
air mass
d)
jet stream
51.
The boundary between two air masses that meet is called?
a)
front
b)
back
c)
side
d)
air mass
52.
The result of the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area is called _.
a)
altitude
b)
pressure
c)
density
d)
air pressure
53.
How hot or cold something is - 
a)
friction
b)
temperature
c)
gravity
54.
What does the picture show?
a)
climate
b)
weather 
55.
What does the picture show?
a)
climate
b)
weather 
56.
What is the name of the job that tells the weather?
a)
meteorologist
b)
weather man
c)
weather person
57.

What type of weather would you associate with a low pressure system?

a)

cold and sunny

b)

cold and clear

c)

warm and clear

d)

cloudy with a chance of precipitation

58.
Which observation describes a change in climate rather than a change in weather?
a)
The thunderstorm dropped about three centimeters of rain today.
b)
The average summer temperatures have increased over the last ten years.
c)
 The snowfall in this area was more this week than it was last week.
d)
The average wind speed in April was less than it was in March.
59.
_______ affects weather because the further north or south you go from the Equator, the less solar energy (heat).
a)
altitude
b)
latitude
c)
sunlight
d)
atmosphere
60.

Which water cycle processes are directly related to cloud formation?

a)

melting and freezing

b)

precipitation and evaporation

c)

evaporation and condensation

61.

What is humidity?

a)

Water, in liquid or solid form, that falls from the atmosphere.

b)

The atmospheric conditions, along with short-term changes, of a certain place at a certain time.

c)

The amount of water vapor in the air.

d)

The force that a column of air applies on the air or a surface below it.

62.

________________ is the pressure that a column of air exerts on the surface below it.

a)

Air pressure

b)

Dew point

c)

Precipitation

d)

Condensation

63.

Which instrument is used to measure air pressure?

a)

Thermometer

b)

Anemometer

c)

Graduated cylinder

d)

Barometer

64.

the name of the instrument used to measure wind speed

a)

meter stick

b)

anemometer

c)

barometer

65.

water in it's liquid or solid form, that falls from the atmosphere

a)

rain

b)

precipitation

c)

air

d)

clouds

66.

What are the different types of precipitation?

a)

rain, ice, ocean

b)

sleet, rain, snow, hail

c)

snow, thunderstorms, tornados

d)

earthquake, hail, sleet

67.
Because the earth is spinning on its axis, the global winds appear to curve. This is known as the __________ ________.
a)
Coriolis Effect
b)
Greenhouse Effect
c)
Climate Effect
d)
Atmosphere Effect
68.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
69.
Which stages does liquid water from the ocean turn into water vapor?
a)
condesantion
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
d)
run off
70.
Which stage does ground water try to return to the ocean or soak into the ground?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
d)
run off
71.
Which stage does the #2 show in the diagram?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
d)
run off
72.

An area of low rainfall on the downwind slope of a mountain is called what?

a)

climate

b)

the Gulf stream

c)

a microclimate

d)

a rain shadow

73.

Which can influence the climate of an area?

a)

latitude

b)

large bodies of water

c)

the Moon

d)

mountains

e)

buildings and concrete

74.

Height above sea level:

a)

latitude

b)

longitude

c)

altitude

d)

attitude

75.
Large bodies of water affect climate of the land next to them because
a)
water heats up and cools more slowly than land
b)
water heats up and cools faster than land
c)
water and land cool at the same time
d)
water and land heat at the same rate
76.

How does latitude affect the climate of an area?

a)

The higher the latitude, the warmer the temperature.

b)

The higher the latitude, the lower the temperature.

c)

The higher the latitude, the more precipitation.

d)

The higher the latitude the less precipitation.

77.
What is happening at 1?
a)
respiration: releasing CO2
b)
decomposing CO2 in the soil
c)
photosynthesis: absorbing CO2
d)
turning CO2 from the atmosphere into organic molecules
78.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle
79.
Which of the following add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
a)
volcanoes
b)
combustion of fossil fuels
c)
animal and plant respiration
d)
all of these
80.

With the help of the Sun, through the process of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is pulled from the air to make plant________

a)

leaves

b)

food

c)

roots

d)

nutrients

81.

Which process contributes carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

a)

respiration

b)

photosynthesis

c)

tree farms

82.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
83.
Carbon can be found in...
a)
The atmosphere
b)
Soil
c)
Fossil fuels
d)
All of the above
84.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
85.

Autotroph or heterotroph?

a)

Heterotroph

b)

Autotroph

86.

What are the reactants of photosynthesis?

a)

Water and Oxygen

b)

Glucose and Oxygen

c)

Glucose and Carbon Dioxide

d)

Water and Carbon Dioxide

87.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

Water and Oxygen

b)

Glucose and Oxygen

c)

Glucose and Carbon Dioxide

d)

Water and Carbon Dioxide

88.

oxygen is a gas produced by _____ and used by ________

a)

plants and animals

b)

photosynthesis and carbon dioxide

c)

animals and plants

d)

carbon dioxide and photosynthesis

89.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
90.
What is happening at 1?
a)
respiration: releasing CO2
b)
decomposing CO2 in the soil
c)
photosynthesis: absorbing CO2
d)
turning CO2 from the atmosphere into organic molecules
91.

The graph below shows CO2 emissions and temperatures from 1909 to 1949. What conclusion is best supported by the graph?

a)

There is no relationship between carbon dioxide concentrations and temperatures

b)

As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures increase

c)

As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures decrease

d)

As carbon dioxide concentrations decrease, temperatures increase

92.
Burning fossil fuels is one of the main causes for global warming.
a)
True
b)
False
93.

The diagram shows the movement of carbon. Which statement best describes what is being shown by the diagram?

a)

Carbon is created in the atmosphere.

b)

Carbon is destroyed by decomposers.

c)

Carbon is found in the same form in all organisms.

d)

Carbon is cycled through an ecosystem.

94.

Which of the following is not a source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

a)

animals

b)

factories

c)

plants

d)

sunlight

95.

In evaporation, water _______

a)

turns from a liquid state to vapor (gas)

b)

falls from the sky like rain or snow

c)

forms clouds

d)

gets locked into ice

96.

______________ forms when water vapor cools and condenses around particles of dust and smoke to make tiny water droplets that gather together.

a)

Clouds

b)

Fog

c)

Ice Crystals

d)

Water Vapor

97.

Which best explains why it is important for people to be able to identify cumulonimbus clouds?

a)

Cumulonimbus clouds can cause mild showers

b)

Cumulonimbus clouds can cause severe thunderstorms

c)

Cumulonimbus clouds can form near the Earth's surface, causing fog

d)

Cumulonimbus clouds form when the temperature is below freezing.

98.

Which two conditions are required

for cloud formation?

a)

high humidity and warm temperatures

b)

high humidity and cool temperatures

c)

warm temperatures and the presence

of particles

d)

cool temperatures and the presence

of particles

99.

What is the dew point?

a)

the temperature at which condensation

begins

b)

the temperature at which frost turns

to dew

c)

the temperature present in a cloud

d)

the temperature present when a

storm begins

100.

______________________ clouds form in low, flat layers.

a)

cirrus

b)

cumulus

c)

stratus

101.

Clouds that look like fluffy, rounded piles of cotton are ______________________ clouds.

a)

cirrus

b)

cumulus

c)

stratus

102.

The sky is mostly blue, with some

high, thin, feathery clouds. Which type

of weather is most likely to occur?

a)

fair weather

b)

heavy precipitation

c)

thunderstorms

d)

light drizzle

103.

Which type of cloud often indicates

that a storm is on the way?

a)

nimbostratus

b)

cirrocumulus

c)

cirrus

d)

stratus

104.

Cumulonimbus clouds usually result in ______________________.

a)

thunderstorms

b)

sunny weather

c)

fair weather

105.

Clouds that form very near the ground are called ______________________.

a)

altostratus

b)

cirrus

c)

fog

d)

cumulonimbus

106.

What is the type?

a)

Stratus

b)

Cirrus

c)

Cumulus

d)

Nimbus

107.

When molten (melted) rock cools and becomes a solid, a _____ rock forms.

a)

Igneous         

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Mineral

108.

Sedimentary rocks are made up of

a)

large rocks.  

b)

hard rocks.

c)

mostly igneous rocks

d)

small particles of sediment.

109.

According to the diagram, how does a sedimentary rock become a metamorphic rock?

a)

Weathering and Erosion

b)

Heat and Pressure

c)

Compaction and Cementation

d)

Melting

110.

When pieces of older rocks, plants, and other loose material gets pressed or cemented together, a _____ rock forms.

a)

Igneous

  

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Mineral

111.

Fossils are more likely to form in which type of rock?

a)

Sedimentary rocks form in layers which help keep fossils from being destroyed.  

b)

Metamorphic rocks form by being exposed to a lot of heat and pressure and this keeps the fossils from being destroyed.

c)

Igneous rocks form when lava or magma cools and this keeps the fossils from being destroyed

d)

Fossils only form in igneous rocks.

112.

This type of igneous rock remains inside the Earth.

a)

Intrusive

b)

Extrusive

c)

Topside

d)

Lower

113.

This type of igneous rock can be found on the crust. 

a)

Intrusive

b)

Extrusive

c)

Topside

d)

Lower

114.

When heat or pressure causes one rock to change into a new type of rock, we call these rocks _____.

a)

Igneous     

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Mineral

115.

Thinking about sedimentary rock, the oldest layers are found

a)

on the top most layer

b)

in the middle of other layers

c)

all layers are the same age

d)

towards the bottom

116.

Metamorphic rocks form through

a)

added pressure

b)

added temperature

c)

added pressure and temperature

d)

none of the above

117.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
118.
This rock was formed when molten rock cooled into a solid. What type of rock is it?
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Sedimentary Rock
119.

Marble, formed deep underground through heat and pressure, is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

120.

Which are the main causes of crack growth in rocks over time?

a)

plant roots and ice wedging

b)

ice wedging and wind abrasion

c)

animal burrowing and plant roots

d)

animal burrowing and wind abrasion

121.

Leaves release acids into the soil as they decay. How could the decaying leaves affect the rocks in the soil underneath them?

a)

They could increase the amount of physical weathering.

b)

They could decrease the amount of physical weathering.

c)

They could increase the amount of chemical weathering.

d)

They could decrease the amount of chemical weathering.

122.

Changing temperatures cause the rock to ________ or__________.

a)

Break / Contract

b)

Grow / Shrink

c)

Expand / Contract

d)

Expand / Shatter

123.

______________ weathering is the process of rock breaking down into smaller and smaller pieces.

a)

Chemical 

b)

Physical

c)

Complete

d)

Shared

124.

What happens to a rock when it is weathered?

a)

It is broken into smaller pieces.

b)

It is moved by wind, air, or water.

c)

It is built up as material is deposited.

d)

It is changed into another type of rock.

125.

______________ occurs when water seeps into the cracks of rocks and expands when it freezes.

a)

Icing

b)

Wedging

c)

Expansion

d)

Ice Wedging

126.

_____________ weathering is the breaking down of rocks by chemical reactions.

a)

Chemical

b)

Physical

c)

Deposition

d)

Erosion

127.

Wind, water and gravity are NOT examples of which type of weathering?

a)

Chemical

b)

Mechanical

c)

Physical

d)

Both B and C

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