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WorksheetsForensic Science 1st Semester Final Exam Review
Total questions: 158
Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins
Eyewitness testimony in a courtroom can be __________________.
unfair since it is so accurate
unimportant to the crime
unreliable and inaccurate
a distraction for the jurors
What type of evidence is usually the evidence that is used to exonerate those falsely convicted in the Innocence Project?
ballistics
DNA
eyewitness accounts
chemicals
What was started in 1992 by Scheck & Neufeld that helps exonerate innocent people convicted of crimes.
The Scfeld Investigative Group
The Innocence Project
Supreme Court case against Eyewitness testimony
Neufeld Scheck Institute
Interpreting the information that we received from our senses is...
perception
observation
investigating
remembering
A belief based on past experiences or personal beliefs.
opinion
observation
objective thinking
investigation
A person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a crime
officer
victim
out of luck
suspect
Every second we are gathering data using:
sight
smell
touch
sound
All of the senses
When faced with a gap in our recollection or memory, the brain will:
create a blank space and let you know you do not remember
fill in the gap with information that may not be accurate
connect the hemispheres which allows accurate recall
compensate by using the olfactory center which is usually not used during memory recall.
When collecting information, our brain will apply our ______________________ about the surroundings or the event taking place.
reality
prior knowledge
processing
concentration
Even after individuals are shown evidence that their memory may be faulty or incorrect, the can still resist accepting the truth. This is because perception can be more powerful than ___________________
ballistics
reality
memories
stimuli
Which of the following does NOT affect your observational skills?
whether you are alone or part of a group
the number of people in the area
the type of activity going on around you
the presence of other distractors like animals or weapons
your eye color
One of the key attributes of a forensic scientist:
to be a good communicator of evidence in writing and in court
to process information systematically
to know that perception is faulty
all of the choices are attributes of a forensic scientist
Data a person collects with his or her senses...
Fact
Opinion
Observation
Perception
New information mixed with personal knowledge and experience received from the senses contributes to...
observation
perception
fact
opinion
A forensic investigator is only interested in...
proving guilt or innocence
solving the crime
testifying in court
collecting/examining evidence
When evaluating eyewitness testimony, the investigator must discriminate between fact and:
Observation
Opinion
None of these choices
An interesting aspect of our perception is that we believe what we see and hear, even though our ability to be accurate is flawed
True
False
A fact is a statement or information that can be verified.
True
False
What we perceive about persons depends, in part, on their mannerisms and gestures.
True
False
Our emotional state influences our ability to see and hear what is happening around us.
True
False
The first task of forensic scientists is to find, examine, and evaluate evidence from a crime scene.
True
False
One of the most important tools of the forensic investigator is the ability to:
determine the sentencing of a convicted suspect
observe, interpret and report observations clearly
report assumptions clearly
None of these choices.
Criminal investigations depend on the observation skills of all involved. Those involved include:
forensic scientists
police investigators
witnesses
All of these choices
Reasoning from facts is
optional
logical
opinion based
What a person perceives using his or her senses is a(n
observation
fact
opinion
perception
When a witness describes what they thought happened, they are providing a(n)
observation
fact
opinion
perception
Interpreting information received from the senses is a(n)
observation
fact
opinion
perception
Deriving a conclusion from the facts using a series of logical steps is
analytical skills
deductive reasoning
a fact
an eyewitness observation
A location other than where the crime took place, but is in the same way related to the crime and where evidence is found
Primary Crime Scene
Secondary Crime Scene
Trace Evidence
A material that can be related to a SINGLE source.
Trace Evidence
Class evidence
individual evidence
A written record of all people who have had possession of an item of evidence.
Chain of Custody
Trace Evidence
Locard exchange
example of this evidence is an eye witness account of a crime, or a recording of the crime.
Direct Evidence
indirect evidence
Circumstantial evidence
indirect evidence, or evidence used to imply what happened at the crime scene
direct evidence
Circumstantial evidence
secondary evidence
material that connects an individual to a GROUP that have similar characteristics.
individual evidence
first responder
Class evidence
The first person on the scene
Medical examiner
CSI investigator
First Responder
Where the crime took place
Secondary Crime Scene
Frist Responder
Primary Crime Scene
This person documents the crime scene and collect physical evidence
Crime Scene investigator
First responder
Specialist
Another name for this person is the coroner
Specialist
Medical Examiner
Detectives
This person looks for leads and interviews the witness
Detective
Medical examiner
First responder
These people are called upon for their expertise, an example would be forensic scientist like entomologist.
Medical Examiner
Specialist
Coroner
A cross transfer of evidence between a suspect and victim
Chain of Custody
District Attorney
Locard Exchange principle
A multidisciplinary approach in which scientific and legal professionals work together to solve a crime.
Crime scene investigation
Crime scene reconstruction
Primary crime scene
A hypothesis of the sequence of events from before the crime was committed through its commission.
Crime scene investigation
Crime scene reconstruction
Secondary crime scene
Evidence that proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of a crime.
Individual evidence
Direct evidence
Circumstantial evidence
The first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
Winning officer
First responder
Priority officer
A kind of evidence that identifies a particular person or thing.
Class evidence
Individual evidence
Direct evidence
A folded paper used to hold trace evidence.
Paper bindle
Envelope
Package
The location where the crime took place
Secondary crime scene
Crime scene investigation
Primary crime scene
A location other than the primary crime scene, but that is in some way related to the crime, where evidence is found.
Primary crime scene
Secondary crime scene
Crime scene investigation
class evidence
material that connects an individual or thing to a certain group of individuals or things
the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence
(indirect evidence) evidence used to imply a fact but not to prove it
the first police officer to arrive at a crime scene
A mathematical method of estimating positions of objects at a crime scene while measuring - at least two fixed points are identified and at least two evidence points are measured from each fixed point to form a triangle.
Exploded Sketch
Baseline Mapping
Rectangular Coordinate Mapping
Triangulation Mapping
Measuring technique in which two baselines are identified like two adjacent walls and evidence is measured off each
Exploded Sketch
Baseline Mapping
Rectangular Coordinate Mapping
Triangulation Mapping
A permanent, fixed point of reference used in mapping a crime scene, like a corner of a building or a tree.
subdatum point
datum point
bindle
triangulation
comparison microscope
the central core of a hair fiber
material that connects an individual or thing to a certain group
the tough outer covering of a hair composed of overlapping scales
a compound microscope that allows the side by side comparison of the samples, such as of hair or fibers
amorphous
without a defined shape; fibers composed of a loose arrangment of polymers that are soft, elastic, and absorbing
the passing of evidence, such as fiber, from victim to suspect or vice versa
dense, strong fiber that resists rot and light damage
The transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source (such as a carpet) to a person (suspect), and then to another person (victim)
crystalline
geometrically shaped; fibers composed of polymers picked side by side, which make it stiff and strong
the smallest indivisible unit of textile, it must be at 100 times longer than wide
dense, strong fiber that resists rot and light damage
fibers that have been spun together
direct transfer
dense, strong fiber that resists rot and light damage
the passing of evidence, such as fiber, from victim to suspect or vice versa
a collection of mineral crystals formed into recognizable pattern
The transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source (such as a carpet) to a person (suspect), and then to another person (victim)
mineral fiber
fibers that have been spun together
the smallest indivisible unit of textile, it must be at 100 times longer than wide
dense, strong fiber that resists rot and light damage
a collection of mineral crystals formed into recognizable pattern
monomer
a small molecule that can bond to other monomers to become a polymer
the passing of evidence, such as fiber, from victim to suspect or vice versa
a collection of mineral crystals formed into recognizable pattern
fibers that have been spun together
natural fibers
comes from animals, plants, or minerals, provided from fur, hair, and webbing, a fiber produced naturally
the smallest indivisible unit of textile, it must be at 100 times longer than wide
a collection of mineral crystals formed into recognizable pattern
fibers that have been spun together
silk
the smallest indivisible unit of textile, it must be at 100 times longer than wide
collected from the cocoons from the caterpillar
things like clothing, carpets, and upholstery
The transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source (such as a carpet) to a person (suspect), and then to another person (victim)
textiles
fibers that have been spun together
the passing of evidence, such as fiber, from victim to suspect or vice versa
things like clothing, carpets, and upholstery, a flexible, flat material made by. interlacing yarns or threads
The transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source (such as a carpet) to a person (suspect), and then to another person (victim)
thread count
things like clothing, carpets, and upholstery
the smallest indivisible unit of textile, it must be at 100 times longer than wide
number of threads that are packed together for any given amount of fabric
The transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source (such as a carpet) to a person (suspect), and then to another person (victim)
polymere
a small molecule that my bond to other monomers to become a polymer
the passing of evidence, such as fiber, from victim to suspect or vice versa
a collection of mineral crystals formed into recognizable pattern
a substance composed of long chains of repeating. molecules (monomers)
warp
a lengthwise yarn or thread in a weave
a crosswise yarn or thread in a weave
weft
a lengthwise yarn or thread in a weave
a crosswise yarn or thread in a weave
the passing of evidence, such as fiber, from victim to suspect or vice versa.
polymer
monomer
secondary transfer
direct transfer
the transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source to a person, and then to another person.
primary evidence
secondary evidence
primary transfer
secondary transfer
Natural fibers come entirely from
plant sources
animal sources
plant, animal, or mineral sources
man made sources
Which of the following is NOT a natural fiber?
Linen
Bamboo
Wool
Nylon
The most common type of regenerated fiber, which is derived from cellulose and is mostly plant in origin, is rayon.
True
False
Synthetic polymer fibers, which all originate with petroleum products, are cellulose-based fibers.
True
False
Polyester has properties similar to nylon except it is easily broken down by light and concentrated acid.
True
False
A disadvantage of manufactured fibers is that they can deteriorate in bright sunlight and melt at a lower temperature than natural fibers.
True
False
Fibers are woven into textiles or fabrics.
True
False
Fibers that have been spun together are called:
textile.
yarn.
mineral fiber.
a fiber.
A small molecule that may bond to other small molecules to become a polymer is a:
monomer.
polymer.
fiber.
None of these choices.
When fibers are transferred directly from victim to suspect or suspect to victim, this is called:
necessary transfer.
absolute transfer.
direct transfer.
None of these choices.
The transfer of evidence such as a fiber from a source to a person, then to another person, is called:
primary transfer.
secondary transfer.
tertiary transfer.
direct transfer.
Early collection of fibers in an investigation is critical. Within 24 hours, an estimated ______ percent of all fibers may have fallen from a victim or been lost from a crime scene.
65
75
85
95
A forensic scientist will ask questions about: (Choose all that apply)
type of fiber.
number of fibers found.
textile from which fiber originated.
fiber color.
where the fiber was found.
Fiber evidence is gathered with: (choose all that apply)
vacuums.
tape.
glue.
forceps.
lint roller.
Two methods that can analyze fibers without damaging them are:
polarizing light microscopy and infrared spectroscopy.
polarizing light spectroscopy and infrared microscopy.
heat and light.
None of these choices.
Fibers are classified as either:
natural fibers or synthetic fibers.
polymers or synthetic fibers.
acrylic fibers or plant fibers.
olefins or synthetic fibers.
Natural fibers come from:
animals.
plants.
minerals that are mined from the ground.
All of these choices.
Natural plant fibers are produced from:
seeds.
fruits.
stems and leaves.
All of these choices.
All plant fibers share the common polymer that is:
cellulose.
protein.
sulfuric acid.
None of these choices.
One seed fiber is:
cotton.
hemp.
jute.
coir.
Fiberglass is a fiber form of:
proteins.
cellulose.
glass.
polymers.
Until the nineteenth century, only plant or animal fibers were used to make clothing and textiles. Half the fibers produced today are synthetic. They are categorized as:
fruit fibers and polymers.
regenerated fibers and polymers.
stem fibers and polymers.
seed fibers and polymers.
Weave patterns have names like tabby or plain, twill and ___________.
abaca
linen
thread count
satin
The simplest weave pattern is the plain, or ____________, weave.
abaca
linen
thread count
satin
tabby or plain
The number of threads that are packed together for any given amount of fabric is known as ___________.
abaca
linen
thread count
satin
tabby
Manila is a fiber extracted from the leaves of _________, a relative of the banana tree.
abaca
linen
thread count
satin
tabby
Flax is the most common stem fiber, and is most commonly found in the textile, ______.
abaca
linen
thread count
satin
tabby
A very thin yarn is called a
textile
thread
twill
tree
What type of weave pattern is shown?
Plain
Twill
Satin
Leno
What type of weave pattern is shown?
Plain
Basket
Satin
Leno
What fiber smells like burning hair when burned?
cotton
jute
silk
wool
Which of the following is a manufactured fiber?
Acetate
Mohair
Linen
Cotton
Evidence that identifies a group of people is called
Trace Evidence
Individual Evidence
Class Evidence
Direct Evidence
If a fingerprint matches an exact person, this evidence would be classified as:
Class Evidence
Individual Evidence
Direct Evidence
Circumstantial Evidence
Which of the following members of the crime scene team has the job of interviewing witnesses?
the forensic scientists
the detectives
the specialists
the crime scene investigators
Select all that apply!
Direct evidence includes:
First-hand observations
Second-hand observations
Circumstantial evidence
Recordnings, tapings, or photographic evidence
A person's DNA found at the scene of a crime is an example of:
Direct Evidence
Blood
Physical Evidence
Biological Evidence
Who is usually the first to arrive at the crime scene?
Detectives
Police Officers
Medical Examiners
Forensic Psychologists
At the crime scene, whose job is it to be taking pictures?
Detectives
Police Officers
Medical Examiners
Crime Scene Investigators
Whose job is it to secure the crime scene?
Detectives
Police Officers
Medical Examiners
Firefighters & EMTs
After Securing the Scene, what does the crime scene investigation team have to do next? (a)
Which method of searching is this?
Grid
Row-by-row
Linear
Zone/Quadrant
Which method of searching is this?
Grid
Linear
Row-by-row
Zone/Quadrant
Why is it important for the first step of any investigation to be to secure the scene? Answer with at least 2 REASONS!
Fill in the blank: Crime scene investigators (a) physical evidence.
Fill in the blank:
Glass fragments are an example of (a) evidence.
The (a) crime scene is the location where the crime took place.
The (a) crime scene is a location where the crime did not take place, but where evidence could still be found.
When sketching the scene, why do you think it is important to include things like doors, windows, and large fences?
Fill in the blank: Locard's Principle of Exchange says that "Every contact leaves a (a) ".
