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WorksheetsGr 8 Final T1 Science
Total questions: 121
Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins
Layer J is______Layer N.
A) older than
B) the same age as
C) younger than
D) denser than
A
B
C
D
According to the principle of _____ , Event P is younger than Event M.
A.inclusions
B.cross-cutting relationships
C.original horizontality
D.subduction
A
B
C
D
Layer H is deposited on a(n) ______ .
A.angular unconformity
B.nonconformity
C.disconformity
D.fault
A
B
C
D
According to the principle of ______ , Layers Q, M, O, N, and L were not deposited at an angle when they first formed.
A.cross-cutting relationships
B.superposition
C.lateral continuity
D.original horizontality
A
B
C
D
The inclusions in M are _______ the rock itself.
A.younger than
B.the same age as
C.older than
D.similar to
A
B
C
D
Layer L is _____ Layer H.
A.older than
B.the same age as
C.younger than
D.the same type of rock as
A
B
C
D
The relative ages of Layers H, I, J, and K can be determined using the principle of ______ .
A.inclusions
B.lateral continuity
C.original horizontality
D.superposition
A
B
C
D
Order the features in the illustration from oldest to youngest.
A JKLM
B MJKL
C JKML
D MLKJ
A
B
C
D
WHICH GEOLOGIC PRINCIPLE MUST BE ASSUMED TO DETERMINE THE RELATIVE AGE OF M?
A Cross-cutting relationships
B Superposition
C Original horizontality
D Inclusions
A
B
C
D
____________ are times when many species on Earth died or became extinct within a relatively short period of time.
A. Fossils records
B. Mass extinctions.
C. Environmental extinctions.
D. Relative age.
A
B
C
D
The remains of living plants or animals are called fossils.
A True
B False
A
B
____ are remains of life from an earlier time.
A.Sedimentary rocks
B.Fossils
C.Variations
D.Limestones
A
B
C
D
____ are remains of life from an earlier time.
A.Sedimentary rocks
B.Fossils
C.Variations
D.Limestones
A
B
C
D
Which is true of the rock layers shown below?
A.Only older rock contains fossils of complex life forms.
B.Only younger rock contains fossils of simple life forms.
C.Both older and younger rocks contain fossils of the most complex life forms.
D.Only younger rock contains fossils of complex life forms.
A
B
C
D
What classification of unconformity occurs when sedimentary rock overlies igneous rock?
A.disconformity
B.nonconformity
C.angular unconformity
D.conformity
A
B
C
D
An unconformity between two sedimentary layers is classified as a disconformity.
A.True
B.False
A
B
When part of the rock record is destroyed, the erosional gap that forms is a(n) ____.
A.inclusion
B.key bed
C.unconformity
D.superposition
A
B
C
C
A ____ is part of the DNA code on a chromosome.
A.gene
B.genotype
C.phenotype
D.gender
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is NOT part of a chromosome?
A.proteins
B.cell
C.deoxyribonucleic acid
D.DNA
A
B
C
D
A segment of DNA is a _____.
A.trait
B.gene
C.cell
D.model
A
B
C
D
Select one
A
B
C
D
What is the first phase of making a protein?
A.transcription
B.DNA
C.nucleotide
D.chromosome
A
B
C
D
What is created through transcription?
A. DNA
B. mutations
C. mRNA
D. protein
A
B
C
D
Use the diagram below to answer the following questions.
The diagram above shows a segment of DNA before and after replication. Which could have occurred as a result of this change in structure?
A changes to the genotype of the organism
B changes to the traits of the organism
C changes in the production of proteins
D all of the above
A
B
C
D
The mutation shown above resulted in muscle degeneration. The effect of this mutation is that muscles become progressively weaker. What type of mutation is this?
A positive
B neutral
C negative
D none of the above
A
B
C
D
A mutation cannot be inherited.
A.True
B.False
A
B
Mutations are always harmful.
A.True
B.False
A
B
Most mutations occur randomly.
A.True
B.False
A
B
Mutations cause changes in _____.
A.elements
B.proteins
C.compounds
D.essential nutrients
A
B
C
D
Small changes in traits that cause variation are frequently caused by _____.
A.natural selection
B.Competition
C.Mutations
D.migration
A
B
C
D
Which type of mutations is shown in the figure?
A.Substitution mutation.
B.Insertion mutation.
C.Deletion mutation.
D.Correcting mutation.
A
B
C
D
Which type of mutations is shown in the figure?
A.Substitution mutation.
B.Insertion mutation.
C.Deletion mutation.
D.Correcting mutation.
A
B
C
D
Which type of mutations is shown in the figure?
A.Substitution mutation.
B.Insertion mutation.
C.Deletion mutation.
D.Correcting mutation.
A
B
C
D
Which is a positive mutation?
A.Genes for brown eyes are mutated and the individual has blue eyes.
B.Due to a mutation, human adults are able to process lactose unlike other mammals.
C.Due to a mutation on the X chromosome, a person cannot see certain colors.
D.A gene of green skin mutated in an alligator to make it white skinned.
A
B
C
D
Which is a neutral mutation?
A.Genes for brown eyes are mutated and the individual has blue eyes.
B.Due to a mutation, human adults are able to process lactose unlike other mammals.
C.Due to a mutation on the X chromosome, a person cannot see certain colors.
D.A gene of green skin mutated in an alligator to make it white skinned.
A
B
C
D
Which is a negative mutation?
A.Genes for brown eyes are mutated and the individual has blue eyes.
B.Due to a mutation, human adults are able to process lactose unlike other mammals.
C.Due to a mutation on the X chromosome, a person cannot see certain colors.
D.Due to mutation a rabbit is faster than other rabbits.
A
B
C
D
No two tigers have the same stripe pattern. Such slight differences in inherited traits among individual members of a species occur through mutations. Which term best identifies these differences?
A.mimicry
B.natural selection
C.adaptation
D.variation
A
B
C
D
A bat's heart rate can fall dramatically during hibernation. Its breathing rate is also affected, and it may not breathe for an entire hour. Hibernation supports the bat's survival in its environment.
What type of adaptation is hibernation?
A.Functional
B.Structural
C.Behavioral
D.none of the above
A
B
C
D
Which structural genetic change in the finches can be identified as the one most influenced by feeding habits, as proposed by Charles Darwin?
A.ability to fly from island to island to find the food they prefer
B.beak size and shape to take advantage of the food they had
C.claw shapes for perching on limbs while catching insects in their beaks
D.cooperative behavior so they could share limited seeds and nectar
A
B
C
D
The figure shows an example of which of the following?
A. reproduction
B. variation
C. competition
D. selection
A
B
C
D
A difference in beak shape among members of the same finch species is an example of variation. ____________________
A.True
B.False
A
B
A student prepared this chart comparing examples of natural selection with artificial selection.
Which can the student add in the column under artificial selection to complete the chart?
1. ability to grow large kernels of corn
2. ability to grow fruit that can be stored for long periods 3. ability to catch larger prey
4. ability to produce milk for offspring
A 1 and 3
B 1 and 2
C 2 and 3
D 3 and 4
A
B
C
D
Food we eat has not been modified through selective breeding.
A.True
B.False
A
B
Breeders can choose a trait and only breed specific organisms to have offspring with that trait. _______________
A.True
B.False
A
B
Golden rice is a type of rice that has been altered to contain vitamin A. This yellow rice is beneficial to populations that typically do not receive enough vitamin A from other sources. How is golden rice classified?
A genetically engineered
B genetically modified organism
C altered through gene therapy
D A and B
A
B
C
D
B is a mold of A
A.True
B.False
A
B
____________ occurs when pressure drives off a dead organism’s liquids and gases leaving black or dark brown fossil films made of left carbon.
A.Carbonization
B.Petrification
C.Mineralization
D.Mummification
A
B
C
D
A ________ fossil is formed when sediments harden around the buried remains of an organism.
A.Cast
B.Mold
C.Trace
D.Amber
A
B
C
D
Footprints formed in mud that later turned to rock are called ___ Fossil.
A.Cast
B.Mold
C.Trace
D.Amber
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is NOT a fossil?
A.outline of a fern found in a rock
B.petrified wood in the desert
C.baby mammoth found in a glacier
D.old stone tools found in a cave
A
B
C
D
Petrified wood, fossils that look very like the original trees but that are now actually made up of rock materials, are the result of the process called ____.
A.Carbonization
B.Petrification
C.Mineralization
D.Mummification
A
B
C
D
What method can scientists use to analyze and interpret when the fossils in the bottom of the figure appeared on Earth?
A relative-age dating
B trace fossils
C mineralization
D carbonization
A
B
C
D
What pattern can scientists use to interpret the information about the fossils shown in the rock layers?
A Rock layers all contain different sets of fossils.
B Older fossils are located closet to Earth’s surface.
C Fossils are younger the closer they are to the surface.
D Each fossil is younger than the rock layer in which it is found
A
B
C
D
The chart identifies the geologic time periods when certain animals first appeared.
A scientist studied sedimentary rock samples from the Devonian period. He claimed he found mammal fossils mixed with amphibian fossils.
Which response to the scientist’s claim is most supported by the chart?
A.Devonian rocks are too old to contain amphibian fossils.
B.Finding fossils of any kind in rocks from the Devonian period is unusual.
C.Devonian rocks would not contain mammal fossils, because mammals appeared in later time periods.
D.Mammal fossils and amphibian fossils will not be found in Devonian rocks, because the two types of animals live in different habitats.
A
B
C
D
Scientists can date most fossils directly.
A.True
B.False
A
B
In an undisturbed rock formation, the rocks on the bottom are the oldest.
A.True
B.False
A
B
What type of dating scale is shown on right side of the figure?
A.Relative age
B.Ice age
C.Absolute age
D.Exact age
A
B
C
D
What type of dating scale is shown on left side of the figure?
A.Relative age
B.Ice age
C.Absolute age
D.Exact age
A
B
C
D
The longest units in the geologic time scale are _________ , and there are four of them.
A.Eons
B.Eras
C.Periods
D.Epochs
A
B
C
D
Analyze the image above that shows even-toed hoofed mammals and other mammals shared a common ancestor. When did this ancestor live?
A 25 million years ago
B 50 million years ago
C 60 million years ago
D 75 million years ago
A
B
C
D
Which pattern of development among vertebrates is evidence that they share a common ancestor?
A All vertebrates have a vestigial structure called gills.
B All vertebrate embryos have pharyngeal pouches during development.
C All vertebrates have tails as both embryos and adults.
D All vertebrates have identical embryos but differences among structures as adults
A
B
C
D
Hippopotamuses are most closely related to ______ .
A.Whales and Dolphins
B.Even-toed hoofed mammals
C.Elephants
D.Lions and other cats
A
B
C
D
All organisms on Earth have _________ that are made of DNA and function in a that are made of DNA and function in asimilar way.
A.Genes
B.Traits
C.Mutations
D.Behaviors
A
B
C
D
A tool based on the rate of mutations of all organisms that is used to determine when species diverged.
A.Comparative anatomy
B.molecular clock
C.Embryology
D.Structural biology
A
B
C
D
The data in the table above shows how far a sea turtle travels over several days. What would the line on a plot of this data look like?
A The line would curve upward and to the right.
B The line would go up and down.
C The line would point straight upward to the right.
D The line would point upward then downward.
A
B
C
D
Examine the distance-time graph.
Which line represents travel at the fastest speed? Justify your answer.
A. because it is the steepest line.
B. because it has medium steepness
C. Because it has the least steepness
D.They all move at the same speed
A
B
C
D
Every 10 seconds, the distance of a jogger from a starting point is measured.
What is the Jogger’s average speed?
A.40 m/s
B.19 m/s
C.1.9 m/s
D.5.7 m/s
A
B
C
D
Use the graph to identify the time interval where there is no motion Between
A.0 – 6 hours
B.6 – 10 hours
C.10 – 14 hours
D.14 – 18 hours
A
B
C
D
This graph shows the motion of a vehicle. The vehicle is moving at a constant speed in
A.Segment A
B.Segment B
C.Segment C
D.Both A and C
A
B
C
D
In the distance time graph shown, the moving object was fastest in the time interval
A.2 – 6 hours
B.6 – 8 hours
C.8 – 10 hours
D.10 – 12 hours
A
B
C
D
If you push on a wall with a force of 30 N, the force acting on you from the wall is which of the following?
A.0 N
B.10 N
C.20 N
D.30 N
A
B
C
D
Pick the best example of Newton’s third law of motion in action.
A.A rocket accelerating in space as a result of gases and the rocket pushing each other in opposite directions.
B.A rocket being towed to the launch pad while friction acts in the opposite direction.
C.An asteroid moving around the Sun while being pulled toward the Sun.
D.An asteroid continuing to spin because nothing has exerted a force to stop it.
A
B
C
D
If you throw a ball into the air, Earth exerts a force on the ball. The ball in the air exerts no force on Earth.
A.True
B.False
A
B
The statement "for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction" is a statement of ____.
A.the law of conservation of momentum
B.Newton's first law
C.Newton's second law
D.Newton's third law
A
B
C
D
Acceleration depends on which two factors?
A.mass and position
B.net force and mass
C.mass and velocity
D.position and net force
A
B
C
D
A test booklet is sitting at rest on a desk. Compared to the force of the booklet on the desk, the force of the desk on the booklet is the same.
A.True
B.False
A
B
Whenever an object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force of the same magnitude, but in the _____ direction to that of the first object.
A.Opposite
B.Same
C.right angle
D.vertical
A
B
C
D
When a bug hits a windshield of a car, the force of the car on the bug equals the force of the bug on the car.
A.True
B.False
A
B
An object has a force acting on it to the right and has a frictional force to the left as shown below.
What change in motion will result from the forces modelled?
A. There will be no change in motion because the forces are in opposite directions.
B. The object will slow down because of the friction force.
C. The object will accelerate to the right.
D. The object will accelerate to the left.
A
B
C
D
An object has a force acting on it to the right and has a frictional force to the left as shown below.
What would a model of the net force look like?
A. The arrow would be to the right at the same length as before, because friction is a different force.
B. The arrow would be to the right but shorter than before to account for the friction force.
C. There would be no net force because the two forces are in opposite directions.
D. The arrow would be to the left because friction is slowing the object down.
A
B
C
D
A train moves at a constant speed down a straight track. Which of the following scientific explanations is true?
A. No forces act on the train as it moves.
B. The train moves because no forces are acting against it.
C. The forces of the train’s engine balance the force of friction opposing it.
D. An unbalanced force keeps the train moving.
A
B
C
D
A person is applying a force to the right on an object as shown
What forces are acting on the person?
A a slightly smaller force to the left because the object is accelerating
B a force equal to the force applied going to the left
C a force to the right to apply the force to the object
D a force to the right because the object is accelerating
A
B
C
D
A person is applying a force to the right on an object as shown
The person is standing on ice with little to no friction. What will be the motion of the person applying the force to the object?
A begin to move to the right because that is the direction of the push
B no change in motion because the person is pushing the object
C begin to move to the left because the object pushes on the person
D begin to move to the right with the object
A
B
C
D
When you push on a bike's brakes, the friction between the tires and the road increases.
B When a diver jumps off a diving board, the board pushes the diver up.
C When an ice skater pushes off a wall, the wall pushes the skater off of the wall.
D When a boy pulls a wagon, the wagon pulls back on the boy.
A
B
C
D
Kelly sits on a rock in a field. Which of the following correctly name force pairs?
A.Kelly pushes on the rock, and the rock pushes on Earth.
B.Earth pulls on the rock, and Kelly pulls on Earth.
C.The rock pushes on Earth, and Earth pulls on the rock.
D.Kelly pushes on the rock, and the rock pushes on Kelly.
A
B
C
D
Which statement about the collisions is correct?
A.Collision A is inelastic, and B is elastic
B.Collision B is inelastic, and A is elastic
C.Both collisions are elastic
D.Both collisions are inelastic
A
B
C
D
Which force pushes or pulls an object without touching it?
A. balanced
B. contact
C. net
D. noncontact
A
B
C
D
Gravity and magnetism are examples of what?
A. friction
B. electrical forces
C. contact forces
D. noncontact forces
A
B
C
D
A non-contact force is the force that exist between object that are:
A. Not moving
B. Far from each other
C. Touching each other
D. Moving at constant speed
A
B
C
D
What is the attractive force that exists between all objects that have mass called?
A. weight
B. Gravity
C. contact force
D. mass
A
B
C
D
The largest amount of gravity exist between you and:
A. Your chair
B. Your hat
C. Earth
D. The moon
A
B
C
D
A region of space that has a physical quantity (such as a force) at every point is:
A. A field
B. Gravity
C. Magnetism
D. Inertia
A
B
C
D
Find the weight of a lemon bag with a mass of 2.5 kg.
A 26 N B 2.5 N
C 24.5 N
D 100 N
A
B
C
D
The model below represents a star orbited by two planets—Planet A and Planet B. The star is also orbited by a mysterious object, Object X, which entered into the star’s gravitational field. The star is the most massive object, followed by Planet B, Planet A, and Object X.
In the model above, how is the mass of the objects represented?
A The mass is represented by the size of the objects.
B The mass is represented by the distance between the objects.
C The mass is represented by the color of the objects.
D The mass is not represented
A
B
C
D
The gravitational force from Planet A on the star is shown in the model. How should the arrow that represents the gravitational force from the star on Planet A be represented?
A It should point from Planet toward the star and will be longer because the star has more mass.
B It should point from Planet A toward the star and will be the same size because it is an equal and opposite force.
C It should point from Planet A toward the star and will be shorter because Planet A has less mass.
D There is no arrow to represent because gravitational force is only in one direction.
A
B
C
D
The gravitational force exerted on the object by Earth is its:
A Mass B volume
C Weight
D Density
A
B
C
D
What is the acceleration due to gravity?
A 9.8 m/s2 B 91 m/s2
C 11.1 m/s2
D 3.5 m/s2
A
B
C
D
Mass and weight are different. Mass depends on _____. Weight depends on _____.
A.gravitational force, the amount of matter
B.placement, force
C.force, placement
D.the amount of matter, gravitational force
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is most closely related to gravity?
A.distance
B.mass
C.weight
D.speed
A
B
C
D
An object’s weight is _____ its mass.
A.equal to
B.less than
C.proportional to
D.not related to
A
B
C
D
A planet is discovered that has twice the mass of Earth but the same gravitational acceleration. If you weigh 700 N on Earth, on the new planet you would weigh ____.
A.350 N
B.700 N
C.1,400 N
D.2,800 N
A
B
C
D
Mass varies depending on where the object is located. _________
A.True
B.False
A
B
Which of the following is NOT true of gravitational force?
A.noncontact
B.depends on mass
C.depends on speed
D.depends on distance
A
B
C
D
As mass decreases, kinetic energy increases.
A.True
B.False
A
B
A dump truck, a sports car, and a bicycle are traveling at the same velocity. Which is true?
A.They all have the same kinetic energy.
B.The sports car has the most kinetic energy.
C.The bicycle has the least kinetic energy.
D.More information is needed to compare their kinetic energy.
A
B
C
D
Which has kinetic energy?
A.a tank of gasoline
B.a moving car
C.a battery
D.water in a reservoir
A
B
C
D
Which indicates what happens to the kinetic energy when the mass of a moving object increases?
A.The kinetic energy does not change.
B.The kinetic energy increases by the same factor as the mass increase.
C.The kinetic energy increases by the square of the same factor as the mass increase.
D.The kinetic energy decreases by the same factor as the mass increase.
A
B
C
D
Which type of energy does an object not have if it is not moving?
A.kinetic energy
B.gravitational potential energy
C.elastic potential energy
D.chemical potential energy
A
B
C
D
During a game of pool, the cue ball is rolling toward the eight ball which is at rest. The diagram shows a part of the pool table and the positions of the cue ball and eight ball before they collide.
Kathleen claims that all of the kinetic energy in the cue ball will be transferred to the eight ball after they collide. Which graph best supports Kathleen’s claim?
3. In the rack there is a bike helmet and a pair of roller skates. The mass of the bike helmet is 550 g and the mass of a roller skate is 2,000 g. Which item has more energy?
A The bike helmet has more energy because it has less mass.
B The roller skate has more energy because it is has more mass.
C Both items have the same amount of energy because they are the same distance from the surface of Earth.
D Both items have the same amount of energy because they are not moving
A
B
C
D
A compressed spring does not have elastic potential energy.
A.True
B.False
A
B
A kite stuck in a tree has ______ energy due to its position.
A.potential
B.kinetic
C.chemical
D.thermal
A
B
C
D
If an object is on top of a hill or in a position raised above the ground, it must have __________.
A.kinetic energy
B.gravitational potential energy
C.elastic potential energy
D.chemical potential energy
A
B
C
D
A stretched rubber band has what type of energy?
A.kinetic energy
B.gravitational potential energy
C.elastic potential energy
D.chemical potential energy
A
B
C
D
Differences in gravitational potential energy depend on an object's _________.
A.mass and speed
B.mass and height
C.height and speed
D.mass only
A
B
C
D
The graph shows the kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE) of a bouncing ball over a period of 9 seconds.
When does the ball have the most kinetic energy?
A At the start, because it is the highest off the ground.
B At the end, because it is moving fastest as it approaches the ground for the final bounce.
C At second 2, because it is moving fastest as it approaches the ground for the first bounce.
D At second 4, because it has reached its second highest bounce
A
B
C
D
