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Worksheets2Q Biology I FE Rev
Total questions: 88
Worksheet time: 2hrs 8mins
A hypotonic solution what?
has the same concentration of solutions as the cell
has no solutes as the cell
has no solutes as the cell
has fewer solutes than a cell
What kind of organisms are involved in photosynthesis?
autotrophs (plants, algae, some bacteria)
mollusks (clams, mussels)
crustaceans (crabs, lobsters, barnacle)
reptiles (snakes, crocodiles, turtles)
Carbon based molecules are also called?
organic molecules
biomolecules
air molecules
simple molecules
Energy is released when the what bond breaks off?
covalent
ionic
second
third
A type of endocytosis in which the cell membrane engulfs large particles is called?
phagocytosis
exocytosis
endocytosis
pinocytosis
The concentration gradient created from the action of one pump can be used as the input of energy to drive a different pump is called a what?
coupled transport
active transport
passive transport
selective transport
What kind of cholesterol is high density lipoprotein (HDL)?
good cholesterol
bad cholesterol
passive cholesterol
active cholesterol
What are usually not needed for energy?
amino acids
proteins
lipids
bases
The group of proteins in a cell membrane that allows the passage of water across the membrane is called...
(a)
What are the three different structures of carbon-based molecules?
straight chain
ring
branched chain
triple chain
What are complex structures or molecules that are made of proteins involved in photosynthesis?
photosystems
amino acids
citric acids
glycogen
Match the correct enzymes with the correct substrates.
A. Amylase
B. Maltase
C. Lipase
D. Protease
E. Lactase
F. Catalase
A. Amylose
B. Maltose
C. Lipids
D. Proteins
E. Lactose
F. Hydrogen Peroxide
A. Maltose
B. Amylose
C. Lipids
D. Proteins
E. Lactose
F. Hydrogen Peroxide
A. Maltose
B. Amylose
C. Proteins
D. Lipids
E. Lactose
F. Hydrogen Peroxide
A. Amylose
B. Lactose
C. Lipids
D. Proteins
E. Maltose
F. Hydrogen Peroxide
What are the outputs (products) of photosynthesis (the end products after the two stages complete the photosynthesis process)?
glucose and oxygen
sugar and oxygen
glucose and carbon dioxide
sugar and carbon dioxide
What forms when Coenzyme A attaches to 2 carbons from pyruvic acid?
(a)
How many PGAs are used to produce glucose?
three
one
two
four
Where is the electron transport chain?
stroma
lumen
thylakoid membrane
grana
Sunlight has different types of ________, such as ultraviolet radiation, microwaves, and visible light that lets you see.
radiant energy
chemical energy
physical energy
kinetic energy
What is selective permeability?
it allows no materials to cross
it allows only vesicles to cross
it allows some, but not all, materials to cross
it allows all materials to cross
Where do the H ions for the photosystems of the light-dependent reactions come from?
sugars
sunlight
acids
water
In facilitated diffusion, molecules move?
down a concentration gradient
over a concentration gradient
against a concentration gradient
under a concentration gradient
Carbon is unique due to the atom's
bonding properties
6 outer unpaired electrons
ionic compounds
hydrogen bonding strength
When fatty acids can't pack together tightly enough to make solid fat, especially at room temperature, they have
very little glycerol
more polar molecules
no 2x carbon atoms
fewer hydrogen atoms
When is energy added and when is it released in bonds during chemical reactions?
Energy is added when bonds disappear. Energy is released to break bonds.
Energy is added to break bonds. Energy is released to form bonds.
Energy is added when bonds form multiple bonds. Energy is released when bonds disappear.
Energy is added when bonds form. Energy is released to break bonds.
The protein in your red blood cells that transport oxygen
(a)
Which model did scientists use to describe the plasma membrane?
dynamic model
lock-and-key model
fluid mosaic model
transport model
What is the term for an organism that makes its own source of chemical energy?
consumers
producers
decomposers
protists
Match the following definition to the term.
A. It changes a substance into different substances by breaking and forming bonds.
B. It is the substance changed in a reaction.
C. It is the substance made in a chemical reaction.
D. It absorbs more energy than it releases.
E. It releases more energy than it absorbs.
F. It is the specific place where substrates bind to enzymes.
G. It is the specific reactant that an enzyme acts on.
H. It is a catalyst for reactions in living things.
I. It is the amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for reactions to start.
1. reactant
2. product
3. activation energy
4. substrate
5. active site
6. exothermic reaction
7. endothermic reaction
8. chemical reaction
9. enzyme
1. chemical reaction
2. reactant
3. product
4. exothermic reaction
5. endothermic reaction
6. active site
7. substrate
8. enzyme
9. activation energy
1. chemical reaction
2. product
3. reactant
4. endothermic reaction
5. exothermic reaction
6. active site
7. substrate
8. enzyme
9. activation energy
1. chemical reaction
2. reactant
3. product
4. endothermic reaction
5. exothermic reaction
6. active site
7. substrate
8. enzyme
9. activation energy
Match the following definition with the correct term.
A. It is the amount of energy that breaks a bond between 2 atoms.
B. It is reached when both the reactants and products are made at the same rate.
C. It helps explain how enzymes work.
D. It is used to show what happens during a reaction.
E. It is a substance that increases the rate of reaction.
1. lock-and-key model
2. equilibrium
3. bond energy
4. catalyst
5. chemical reaction
1. bond energy
2. equilibrium
3. lock-and-key model
4. chemical equation
5. catalyst
1. bond energy
2. lock-and-key model
3. equilibrium
4. chemical equation
5. catalyst
1. equilibrium
2. bond energy
3. lock-and-key model
4. catalyst
5. chemical reaction
What are openings formed by proteins that pierce a cell membrane?
(a)
Enzymes lower the ___ and increase the ___.
(a)
Match the correct monomer with the correct carbon-based molecule.
A. monosaccharides
B. amino acids
C. fatty acids and glycerol
D. nucleotides
A. carbohydrates
B. proteins
C. lipids
D. nucleic acids
A. proteins
B. lipids
C. carbohydrates
D. nucleic acids
A. lipids
B. proteins
C. nucleic acids
D. carbohydrates
A. proteins
B. nucleic acids
C. proteins
D. lipids
The composition of nucleotides
sugar
phosphate
nitrogenous base
fats
A what has the same dissolved particles as a cell?
isotonic solution
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution
hylotonic solution
Which of these are examples of simple sugars?
fructose
glucose
cellulose
glycogen
It has a higher concentration of dissolved particles than a cell.
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution
isoloic solution
isotonic solution
A 6 carbon molecule that is produced first when Acetyl-CoA joins with a 4 carbon molecule to enter the Krebs Cycle
citric acid
pyruvate
Coenzyme A
Coenzyme B
What are the main colors of light absorbed by chlorophyll?
blue and red
blue and yellow
green and yellow
blue and green
Which 2 processes do plants undergo?
(a)
Which gas is given off the surroundings by photosynthetic organisms?
carbon dioxide
oxygen
nitrogen
helium
What molecule becomes excited when a light energy reaches a center?
electron
neutron
proton
carbon dioxide molecule
Which part is hydrophobic and hydrophilic for the phospholipid?
hydrophobic - glycerol
hydrophilic - head
hydrophobic - tail
hydrophilic - head
hydrophobic - head
hydrophilic - glycerol
hydrophobic - head
hydrophilic - tail
The ___________ is the aqueous liquid, while the __________ is the stack of thylakoids.
stroma; granum
stroma; lamella
stroma; lumen
granum; lumen
The transport of other substances requires a what that will bind the substance on one side of the membrane which triggers a conformation change in the protein carrier causing it to release?
transport protein
protein carrier
vesicle
membrane
Larger molecules in the cell membrane use what to transport out?
vesicle
lysosome
protein carrier
protein channel
Where do the light independent reactions (2nd stage) occur?
stroma
thylakoid membrane
lumen
lamella
Anything related to DNA and RNA is part of what carbon based molecule?
protein
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
What is the number of molecules of a substance in a given volume?
solute concentration
concentration
concentration gradient
solvent concentration
In endocytosis, the pocket pinches off inside the cell, forming a what?
(a)
What drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration?
(a)
What is a lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group?
(a)
In photosynthesis, what color light do they reflect?
green
orange
yellow
purple
What kind of cholesterol is a bad cholesterol?
HDL
LDL
MDL
FDF
_________ have carbon bonds that are single bonds, while ___________ have at least 1 carbon double bond.
saturated fatty acids; unsaturated fatty acids
unsaturated fatty acids; saturated fatty acids
saturated single acid; unsaturated single acid
unsaturated single acid; saturated single acid
The bond that joins amino acids
(a)
The electrons of NADH and FADH2 is the energy that pumps H+ where?
(a)
1. A process that requires oxygen
2. A process that doesn't require oxygen
3. cycle that breaks down pyruvic acid into CO2 and produces NADH, FADH, ATP
1. anaerobic
2. aerobic
3. Krebs cycle
1. aerobic
2. anaerobic
3. Krebs cycle
1. Krebs cycle
2. anaerobic
3. aerobic
1. aerobic
2. Krebs cycle
3. anaerobic
1. 3 carbon molecule that is produced when glucose splits in 1/2 during glycolysis
2. This molecule reacts with pyruvic acid to release CO2 and produce NADH
3. The folder inner membranes in mitochondria
4. The site of the Krebs cycle
5. The site of glycolysis
1. pyruvate
2. Coenzyme A
3. cristae
4. matrix
5. cytoplasm
1. Coenzyme A
2. pyruvate
3. cristae
4. cytoplasm
5. matrix
1. cristae
2. Coenzyme A
3. pyruvate
4. matrix
5. cytoplasm
1. cytoplasm
2. matrix
3. pyruvate
4. Coenzyme A
5. cristae
Bonds that 1 carbon atom could have
2 triple bonds
5 single bonds
2 double bonds
triple bond + double bond
Causes of denaturation
temperature
pH
activation energy
ATP synthase
1. molecules that binds to an enzyme and block its activity
2. molecule binding to an enzyme's active site
3. molecule binding to anywhere in the enzyme
1. competitive inhibitor
2. noncompetitive inhibitor
3. inhibitors
1. noncompetitive inhibitor
2. competitive inhibitor
3. inhibitors
1. inhibitors
2. competitive inhibitor
3. noncompetitive inhibitor
1. noncompetitive inhibitor
2. inhibitors
3. competitive inhibitor
True or False. Carbon's unique atomic structure makes it stand out of other elements.
True
False
What is the molecule that joins with CO2 during the first step of the reaction?
RuBP
NADH
FADH
Acetyl-CoA
Type the number of how many amino acids there are in number form.
(a)
To capture and transfer energy is the function of what reaction?
(a)
The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane
(a)
Cell waste is what example of transport?
(a)
What molecule is most commonly broken down?
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
The result when a cell is placed in a salty water solution
cell will shrink
cell will expand
cell will shrink and expand and so on
cell will burst
Active transport requires what unlike passive transport?
energy from cell
concentration
buffer
diffusion
Which is true about the cell membrane?
It is a bilipid layer.
It is also called plasma membrane.
It is semi-permeable.
It is a trilipid layer.
The difference in the concentration of dissolved particles from one place to another
(a)
Reaction that provides chemical energy for most cell functions
ATP + P = ADP
ATP - P = ADP
ADP - P = ATP
ADP + P = ATP
True or False. Chemical reactions change substances into other substances by breaking only chemical bonds.
True
False
Identify if the statements are true or false.
1. A particular enzyme can only bring one type of chemical reaction.
2. Breaking molecules apart and putting molecules together is what enzymes do.
3. Pepsin is a stomach enzyme used to break lipids down into nucleotides.
4. A change in temperature or pH can cause an enzyme to be functional.
5. Most enzymes are starches.
6. The enzyme brings substrates together and weakens their bonds.
7. The uncatalyzed reaction forms a reactant that is released from the enzyme.
1. False
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. False
6. True
7. False
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. False
1. True
2. True
3. False
4. False
5. False
6. True
7. False
1. False
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. True
6. False
7. True
Label which side is the reactant and the product.
product: left side; reactant: right side
product: arrow; reactant: left side
reactant: left side; product: right side
reactant: arrow; product: right side
Because the phospholipid head bears a charge, it is...
polar
fatty
nonpolar
arranged
Which molecule store the most energy?
Lipids
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates
How much carbon does PGA have?
two
three
four
five
Four nitrogenous bases in correct order
adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine
adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine
uracil, cytosine, thymine, guanine
What are least likely to be broken down to make ATP?
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without what?
energy output from the cell
energy input from the cell
energy resistance from the cell
energy acceptance from the cell
Opposite electrical charges is called the what?
electrochemical gradient
concentration gradient
solvent gradient
diffuse gradient
What is a process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a membrane?
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
What means that the transport protein makes it easier for a molecule that can't directly cross the cell membrane to enter or exit a cell?
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
passive transport
It results from the natural motion of the particles, which causes molecules to collide and scatter.
simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
receptor
The light dependent reactions take place in the what?
inner membrane
outer membrane
thylakoid membrane
stroma
An endergonic chemical reaction requires what?
energy
sunlight
air
water
A molecule in chloroplasts that absorb some of the energy in visible lights. They have two types.
chlorophyll
ATP
RuBP
PGA
