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Anatomy and Physiology Semester Exam 1 Review

Total questions: 106

Worksheet time: 1hrs 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The study of the structure of an organism is called
a)
homeostasis
b)
anatomy
c)
physiology
d)
atrophy
2.
The study of the functions of structures in the human body is
a)
homeostasis
b)
anatomy
c)
physiology
d)
atrophy
3.
Choose the correct order to list structures from smallest to largest
a)
organ, tissue, organism, cell
b)
cell, organism, tissue, organ
c)
organism, cell, tissue, organ
d)
cell, tissue, organ, organism
4.
The body’s maintenance of a relatively stable inner environment is called
a)
homeostasis
b)
sensory
c)
motor
d)
positive feedback loop
5.

The study of internal and external structures is

a)

anatomy

b)

physiology

c)

disease

d)

pathology

6.

The study of internal and external functions is

a)

anatomy

b)

physiology

c)

disease

d)

pathology

7.

When body anatomy and physiology fails to function normally, we use the term _________________________ .

a)

anatomy

b)

physiology

c)

disease

d)

pathology

8.

When body anatomy and physiology fails to function normally, we use the term _________________________ .

a)

anatomy

b)

physiology

c)

disease

d)

pathology

9.

The study of disease is

a)

anatomy

b)

physiology

c)

disease

d)

pathology

10.

Etiology means

a)

the cause of disease

b)

the study of transmission of disease

c)

disease with an unknown cause

d)

disease that is spread from person to person or insect to person

11.

Epidemiology means

a)

the cause of disease

b)

the study of transmission of disease

c)

disease with an unknown cause

d)

disease that is spread from person to person or insect to person

12.

Endemic diseases are

a)

found in a small, local, specific population

b)

found in large regions of countries or continents

c)

found worldwide

d)

all of these

13.

What medical term means immediately?

a)

STAT

b)

p.r.n

c)

A&P

d)

IV

14.

__________________ studies the FUNCTION of these the parts/structures of the body.

a)

Physiology

b)

Anatomy

c)

Body composition

d)

BMI

15.

What are the two main types of anatomy?

a)

Gross

b)

Microscopic

c)

Physiology

d)

Microbiology

e)

Radiographic

16.

Which type of anatomy studies regions and systems of the body?

a)

Microscopic

b)

Gross

c)

Morphology

d)

Physiology

17.

_________________ is a condition of a stable internal environment

a)

body composition

b)

gross anatomy

c)

homeostasis

d)

radiographic anatomy

e)

physiology

18.
Childbirth (oxytocin speeding up contractions), blood clotting are examples of:
a)
Positive feedback mechanisms
b)
Negative feedback mechanisms
19.

The study of internal and external functions is

a)

anatomy

b)

physiology

c)

disease

d)

pathology

20.

What is the main function of muscle tissue?

a)

Movement

b)

Bind, Support & Protect

c)

Protection, Excretion, Absorption, Secretion

d)

Communication

21.

What is the main function of connective tissue?

a)

Movement

b)

Bind, Support & Protect

c)

Protection, Excretion, Absorption, Secretion

d)

Communication

22.

What is the main function of nervous tissue?

a)

Movement

b)

Bind, Support & Protect

c)

Protection, Excretion, Absorption, Secretion

d)

Communication

23.

What is the main function of epithelial tissue?

a)

Movement

b)

Bind, Support & Protect

c)

Protection, Excretion, Absorption, Secretion

d)

Communication

24.

Osteoarthritis is a disease that results in a thinned layer of cartilage surrounding bones, causing bones to rub against one another. Given this information, what type of tissue does this affect?

a)

Muscle

b)

Epithelial

c)

Connective

d)

Nervous

25.

The small intestine is a digestive organ that is responsible for absorption of nutrients. It contains tissue that is only one cell thick, and readily divides.

Which type of tissue will be found lining the small intestine?

a)

Muscle

b)

Epithelial

c)

Connective

d)

Nervous

26.

A person has trouble coordinating muscle movements. Which two tissues could be injured?

a)

Muscle and Nervous

b)

Epithelial and Nervous

c)

Connective and Muscle

d)

Nervous and Connective

27.

A person develops a disease that reduces cell communication within the body. This disease most likely targets which tissue?

a)

Muscle

b)

Epithelial

c)

Connective

d)

Nervous

28.

Elaine falls off her bike and scrapes her hands. Based on this information, which type of tissue did the fall injure?

a)

Muscle

b)

Epithelial

c)

Connective

d)

Nervous

29.

Injury to which tissues will greatly reduce the ability of a person to move his or her limbs?

a)

Muscle

b)

Epithelial

c)

Connective

d)

Nervous

30.

What is a tissue?

a)

groups of similar cells that perform a particular function.

b)

groups of similar organs that perform a particular function.

c)

groups of similar systems that perform a particular function.

d)

groups of similar atoms that perform a particular function.

31.

Which tissue enables various forms of movement, both voluntary and involuntary?

a)

Muscle

b)

nerve

c)

connective

d)

epithelial

32.

What type of tissue is this one?

a)

connective

b)

epithelial

c)

nerve

d)

muscle

33.

....................attach skeletal muscles to bones

a)

ligaments

b)

tendons

c)

cartilage

d)

blood

34.

the only connective tissue devoid of collagen is..........

a)

bones

b)

cartilage

c)

blood

d)

areolar tissue

35.

What type of plane is shown in this image?

a)

midsagittal plane

b)

sagittal plane

c)

frontal plane

d)

transverse plane

36.

What type of plane is shown in this image?

a)

midsagittal plane

b)

sagittal plane

c)

frontal plane

d)

transverse plane

37.

What type of plane is shown in this image?

a)

midsagittal plane

b)

sagittal plane

c)

frontal plane

d)

transverse plane

38.

What type of plane is shown in #2?

a)

midsagittal plane

b)

sagittal plane

c)

frontal plane

d)

transverse plane

39.

What type of plane is shown in #1?

a)

midsagittal plane

b)

sagittal plane

c)

frontal plane

d)

transverse plane

40.

What type of plane is shown in #3?

a)

midsagittal plane

b)

sagittal plane

c)

frontal plane

d)

transverse plane

41.

higher on the body; closer to the head; above

a)

superior

b)

inferior

c)

proximal

d)

distal

42.

farther from the point of attachment of the limb to the body trunk

a)

medial

b)

lateral

c)

proximal

d)

distal

43.

toward or at the surface of the body

a)

superior

b)

inferior

c)

superficial

d)

deep

44.

toward the side; away from the midline of the body

a)

proximal

b)

distal

c)

medial

d)

lateral

45.

lower on the body, farther away from the head; below

a)

medial

b)

lateral

c)

inferior

d)

superior

46.

toward the midline of the body

a)

distal

b)

medial

c)

proximal

d)

lateral

47.

between a more medial and a more lateral structure

a)

proximal

b)

distal

c)

intermediate

d)

superficial

48.

away from the body surface; more internal

a)

deep

b)

superficial

c)

intermediate

d)

proximal

49.

toward or at the front of the body; in front of

a)

anterior

b)

ventral

c)

posterior

d)

dorsal

e)

both anterior and ventral

50.

toward or at the back of the body; behind

a)

anterior

b)

ventral

c)

posterior

d)

dorsal

e)

both posterior and dorsal

51.

closer to the point of attachment of the limb to the body trunk

a)

medial

b)

proximal

c)

lateral

d)

distal

52.

What directional term is shown in this image?

a)

posterior

b)

proximal

c)

anterior

d)

lateral

53.

What directional term is shown in this image?

a)

posterior

b)

proximal

c)

anterior

d)

lateral

54.

What directional term is shown in this image?

a)

medial

b)

lateral

c)

superior

d)

inferior

55.

What directional term is shown in this image?

a)

medial

b)

lateral

c)

superior

d)

inferior

56.

What directional term is shown in this image?

a)

intermediate

b)

medial

c)

lateral

d)

anterior

57.

What is another name for frontal plane?

a)

median

b)

intermediate

c)

coronal

d)

distal

58.
The human skeleton can be subdivided into two parts, what part is made up of the skull, sternum, vertebral column and rib cage?
a)
appendicular
b)
axial
59.
What type of bone is the scapula?
a)
long bone
b)
short bone
c)
flat bone
d)
sesamoid bone
60.
What is the name of the collar bone?
a)
Clavicle
b)
Scapular
c)
Sternum
d)
Xiphoid
61.
The ______________ is made up of arms, wrists, hands, fingers, legs, ankles, feet, and toes.
a)
Axial
b)
Appendicular
62.
One function of the skeletal system is _______ especially in regards to the vital organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs.
a)
Protection
b)
Storage
c)
Synthesis
d)
Movement
63.
The site of bone growth on a long bone is called
a)
Epiphyseal plate
b)
diaphysis
c)
periosteum
d)
meduary cavity
64.
Bone tissue is also called osseous tissue.
a)
True
b)
False
65.

What is the number of bones that compose the adult skeleton?

a)

205

b)

206

c)

208

d)

200

66.

The ends of a long bone are called the

a)

diaphysis

b)

epiphyses

c)

periosteum

d)

endosteum

67.

Bone forming cells:

a)

osteocytes

b)

osteoblasts

c)

osteoclasts

d)

osteomasts

68.

Occurs when the bones of inactive people tend to lose mass:

a)

atrophy

b)

ossification

c)

shingles

d)

osteoarthritis

69.

Must be present in the blood at all times for the nervous system to transmit messages, for muscles to contract, and for blood to clot:

a)

calcium

b)

adipose tissue

c)

phosphorus

d)

iodine

70.

Process of bone formation before birth:

a)

ossification

b)

hematopoiesis

c)

appositional growth

d)

atrophy

71.

Dense bone tissue that appears smooth and homogeneous:

a)

adipose tissue

b)

compact bone

c)

spongy bone

d)

hyaline cartilage

72.

Blood cell formation:

a)

ossification

b)

hemostasis

c)

hematopoiesis

d)

hemophilia

73.

Which of the following is NOT a category of bone?

a)

short

b)

irregular

c)

fat

d)

flat

74.

Which of the following is NOT a category of bone?

a)

short

b)

irregular

c)

fat

d)

flat

75.

Dense bone tissue that appears smooth and homogeneous:

a)

adipose tissue

b)

compact bone

c)

spongy bone

d)

hyaline cartilage

76.

Bone tissue composed of small needle-like pieces of bone with open spaces:

a)

lacunae

b)

compact bone

c)

canaliculi

d)

spongy bone

77.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a long bone?

a)

humerus

b)

tibia

c)

radius

d)

talus

78.

How many types of muscles are there?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

3

d)

1

79.

What are the characteristics of the cardiac muscle?

a)

Involunatary

b)

Found in the heart

c)

Banded Appearance

d)

Dense connective tissue packaging

80.

Smooth Muscle is found in the?

a)

Heart

b)

Facial

c)

Organs

d)

Legs

81.

The connective tissue sheath that surrounds a muscle fasciculus is the

a)

epimysium

b)

endomysium

c)

perimysium

82.

given the following events:

1.acetycholine broken down

2.acetylcholine moves across the synaptic cleft

3.action potential reaches the terminal branch (presynaptic terminal)

4.acetylcholine combines with a receptor molecule on a skeletal muscle (postsynaptic membrane)

5.action potential produced in skeletal muscle cell


Choose the arrangement that lists the events in the order the occur at a neuromuscular injunction

a)

2,3,4,1,5

b)

3,2,4,5,1

c)

3,4,2,1,3

d)

4,5,2,1,3

83.

Muscles that oppose one another are

a)

synergist

b)

hateful

c)

prime movers

d)

antagonists

84.
Muscles are composed of which of the following?
a)
Lipids
b)
Protiens
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Fats
85.
Which of the following is defined as the ability of an object to quickly return to the original shape and size?
a)
Elasticity
b)
Excitibility
c)
Flexibility
d)
Extensibility
86.
Which of the following is defined as the ability to change or be changed according to circumstances?
a)
Elasticity
b)
Excitability
c)
Flexibility
d)
Extensibility
87.
Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle?
a)
Rough
b)
Smooth
c)
Cardiac
d)
Skeletal
88.
Skeletal muscles are responsible for which of the following?
a)
Movement of the body
b)
Movement of the heart
c)
Movement of the ligaments 
d)
Movement of the extremities
89.
Which of the following describes the sarcomere? 
a)
The basic unit of muscle’s cross-striated myofibril
b)
. A protein band which defines the boundary between one sarcomere 
c)
 Various muscle proteins 
d)
Contains the protein, actin
90.
Which of the following describes muscle bundles? 
a)
Long, multi-nucleated, thread-like cells
b)
Set of muscle fibers grouped together 
c)
Considered to the cell of the muscle 
d)
Organelles which are unique to muscle tissue
91.
Skeletal muscles are attached to which of the following? 
a)
Bones and ligaments 
b)
Ligaments and tendons
c)
Tendons and bones
d)
Bones and fat 
92.

Muscles are needed for what?

a)

movement

b)

decoration

c)

pump blood

d)

no one knows

93.

Smooth muscle is located where?

a)

heart

b)

bones

c)

toes

d)

internal organs

94.

The nerve releases a chemical called a

a)

neurotransmitter

b)

neuron

c)

myofibril

d)

cell

95.
What are the two classifications of muscles in your body?
a)
Voluntary and Controllable
b)
Flabby and Strong
c)
Involuntary and Voluntary
d)
Hard and soft
96.
How do pairs of skeletal muscles work together?
a)
while one contracts, the other returns to original length
b)
both muscles contract at the same time
c)
both muscles relax at the same time
d)
1 muscle pulls on the bone and the other pulls on the first muscle
97.
Which type of muscle is found in your heart?
a)
Skeletal
b)
Smooth
c)
Cardiac
d)
Straight
98.
Which types of muscle tissue are voluntary?
a)
Cardiac
b)
Skeletal
c)
Smooth
d)
Cardiac and Smooth
99.
Identify this type of muscle
a)
smooth
b)
cardiac
c)
skeletal
100.
Botulism is...?
a)
A rare condition caused by the toxins of the Clostridium botulinum bacteria
b)
A crippling, and potentially deadly, infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.
c)
An autoimmune disorder that causes weakness of the voluntary muscles.
d)
A bacterial disease that affects the muscles and nerves.
101.

What is A?

a)

epimysium

b)

perimysium

c)

endomysium

d)

muscle fiber

102.
The location where a muscle fiber and neuron meet is called:
a)
Neuromuscular Junction
b)
Musculoneural Junction
c)
Sarcomere
d)
Motor Neuron
103.
During the first phase of contraction, what leaves the neuron and binds to the muscle fiber?
a)
A neurotransmitter called Acetylcholine (ACh)
b)
Calcium ions
c)
Sodium ions
d)
An action potential
104.
During the first phase of contraction, what leaves the neuron and binds to the muscle fiber?
a)
A neurotransmitter called Acetylcholine (ACh)
b)
Calcium ions
c)
Sodium ions
d)
An action potential
105.
What is the smallest contractile unit of a muscle fiber?
a)
Sarcomere
b)
Sarcolemma
c)
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Sarcoplasm
106.
What is required to break the crossbridges between actin and myosin filaments?
a)
water
b)
ATP
c)
sodium
d)
calcium

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