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Biology Midterm Review

Total questions: 145

Worksheet time: 3hrs 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question. 
a)
scientific method
b)
recipe
c)
data collection
d)
metric system
2.

Performing a test or experiment allows you to test your ___________.

a)

draw conclusions

b)

hypothesis

c)

senses

d)

battery

3.
A testable explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested. 
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
4.
In an appropriately designed experiment, a scientist is able to test the effect of
a)
 a single variable
b)
 multiple variables
c)
 the hypothesis
d)
 scientific observations
5.
This variable in an experiment is the one being changed by the scientist. 
a)
dependent variable
b)
independent variable
c)
data
d)
control group
6.
Testing a hypothesis often involves a(n):
a)
answer
b)
experiment
c)
problem
d)
safety check
7.
What is the part of the experiment that is left alone or “natural", and is used to compare back to?
a)
Independent Variable
b)
Dependent Variable
c)
Control Group
d)
Experimental Group 
8.
You will want your experiment to have ____ independent variable(s) in it for the experiment to be valid.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
9.
What is a factor that changes because of what the experimenter does?
a)
Dependent Variable
b)
Independent Variable
c)
Control Group
d)
Hypothesis
10.
A/An ____________is the smallest unit of life.
a)
atom
b)
stimulus
c)
cell
d)
DNA
11.
The ability of an organism to create offspring is ___________________________________.  
a)
reproduction
b)
evolution
c)
development
d)
growth
12.
To maintain stable internal conditions is  __________________________________.
a)
growth
b)
adaptation
c)
homeostasis
d)
development
13.
A reaction to a stimulus is a ______________.
a)
hiccup
b)
response
c)
metabolism
d)
homeostasis
14.
What is the most basic unit of life?
a)
cell
b)
tissue
c)
organ
d)
organ system
15.
When a baby kitten becomes an adult cat, this is an example of...
a)
energy metabolism
b)
growth and development
c)
response to stimuli
d)
having cells
16.

Living things are based on a universal genetic code. What molecule is responsible for that code?

a)

RNA

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

DNA

17.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by all living organisms?
a)
Ability to move
b)
Ability to grow and develop
c)
Made up of one or more cells
d)
Responds to stimuli
18.
In order for something to be considered a living organism, it must display _____ of the eight characteristics of living things.
a)
all
b)
some
c)
one
d)
more than half
19.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
20.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
21.
Monosaccharides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
22.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
23.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
store genetic information
b)
store energy (long-term)
c)
store energy (short-term)
d)
build skin, hair, nails, muscles
24.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
25.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
26.
Which group of biomolecules provide quick energy to organisms?
a)
proteins
b)
carbohydrates
c)
lipids
d)
nucleic acids
27.
Genetic information is stored in which class of organic compounds?
a)
proteins
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
carbohydrates
28.
All organic compounds contain the element
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
29.
Building blocks of the body, hair , muscles etc.
a)
protein
b)
nucleic acid
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
30.
Is found in the cell membrane as a bilayer. 
a)
lipids
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
31.
Enzymes are..
a)
nucleic acids 
b)
carbohydrates 
c)
lipids 
d)
proteins 
32.
Which is an example of a lipid?
a)
Candy
b)
Olive Oil
c)
DNA
d)
Meat
33.
If the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to:
a)
keep body temperature the same as the external temperature
b)
decrease body temperature
c)
increase body temperature
d)
regulate blood pressure
34.

Animal cells can be distinguished from plant cells easily because of which of the following?

a)

Animal cells have mitochondria and plant cells do not.

b)

Plant cells have lysosomes and animal cells do not.

c)

Only plant cells have centrioles around their nucleus.

d)

Only plant cells have large central vacuoles and cell walls.

35.

Jared observes a cell in biology lab with the light microscope. The cell has the following structures: nucleus, cell wall, and chloroplast. Identify the type of cell that Jared is observing.

a)

animal

b)

plant

c)

fungus

d)

bacteria

36.

Identify this type of cell.

a)

animal

b)

plant

c)

protist

d)

bacteria

37.

Carrie observes an electron micrograph of a cell during biology lab. The cell has a flagellum, ribosomes, cell wall, and no apparent nucleus. Which of the following is likely true of the cell that Carrie is observing?

a)

The cell also contains mitochondria.

b)

The presence of the organelles proves that the cell is eukaryotic.

c)

The cell is a plant because of the cell wall.

d)

The cell is prokaryotic.

38.

Which structure in the cell destroys invaders such as bacteria and viruses, while also helping with the digestion of food particles?

a)

cell membrane

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

lysosomes

39.

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

a)

It modifies and transports proteins after the ribosome makes them.

b)

It manufactures lipids and then transports them to a new location.

c)

It manufactures proteins and nucleic acids using the DNA code.

d)

It modifies lipids and proteins and places them into packages.

40.

Due to energy needs, muscle cells usually have a lot of which organelle?

a)

ribosomes

b)

mitochondria

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

lysosomes

41.

Which structure within the cell plays an important role in energy production for the cell?

a)

ribosome

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

mitochondria

d)

Golgi apparatus

42.
The Golgi apparatus _____.
a)
packages cell products for export
b)
eliminates waste
c)
stores DNA
d)
makes energy
43.
Which organelle is only found in a plant cell? 
a)
nucleus
b)
chloroplast
c)
mitochondria
d)
cell membrane
44.
Where is DNA stored in a cell? 
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Golgi Complex
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Nucleus
45.
What is the fluid inside a cell called? 
a)
Endoplasimic Reticulum
b)
Orange Juice
c)
Water
d)
Cytoplasm
46.
Which of these is NOT a part of the Cell Theory?
a)
All cells are independent.
b)
Cells are the basic unit of living things. 
c)
All living things are one or more cells.
d)
Cells come from cells.
47.
This organelle helps plants keep their rigid structure. 
a)
Cell wall
b)
Cell membrane
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
48.
This organelle makes proteins. 
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Ribosome
d)
ER
49.
This is a ____.
a)
Golgi body
b)
plasma membrane
c)
lysosome
d)
cell wall
50.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
51.
Passive transport requires no
a)
concentration gradients
b)
osmosis
c)
motion
d)
energy
52.
What is diffusion?
a)
when molecules move 
b)
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low.
c)
no movement 
d)
molecules move everywhere
53.
Which type of transport requires an input of energy?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Osmosis
c)
Simple Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
54.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
a)
Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)
b)
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
c)
Active stores transport proteins and passive releases 
d)
Active uses hormones and passive does not 
55.
What is it called when molecules move across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a carrier protein?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
56.
This cell organelle helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells.
a)
vacuole
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
57.

Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...

a)

16 chromosomes.

b)

46 chromosomes.

c)

8 chromosomes.

d)

4 chromosomes.

58.
Name the phase:
a)
Anaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Prophase
59.
What is the next phase of mitosis?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
60.

where the mitosis occur in plant cell

a)

liver cell

b)

lung cell

c)

root tips

61.

which phases are in mitosis ?

a)

interphase

b)

prophase

c)

metaphase

d)

cytokinesis

e)

anaphase

62.

state the following process after mitosis occur

(a)  

63.

type mitosis

4 lines
64.

The notes given are helpful

a)

disagree

b)

disagree & need consultation

c)

agree

65.

how many stages in mitosis

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

66.

how many phases in mitosis

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

67.
In mitosis, the two resulting cells are
a)
different from the starting cell and identical to each other.
b)
different from the starting cell and different from each other.
c)
identical to the starting cell and different from each other.
d)
identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.
68.

What happens in interphase (choose 2)

a)

Cell grows and developes

b)

DNA lines up in middle

c)

DNA pulls apart

d)

DNA replicates

69.

What happens in Prophase (choose 3)

a)

DNA condenses (packs up)

b)

Spindle fibers appear

c)

Daughter cells separate

d)

DNA lines up in middle

e)

Nuclear envelope (membrane) dissolves

70.

What happens in metaphase? (choose 1)

a)

DNA splits apart

b)

Cell divides

c)

DNA lines up in middle

d)

New nuclei form

71.

What happens in anaphase? (choose 1)

a)

DNA replicates

b)

Chromatids pull apart to opposite sides

c)

DNA lines up in middle

d)

Cell divides

72.

What happens in telophase? (choose 2)

a)

Two new nuclei form

b)

Daughter cells separate into two cells

c)

DNA pulls apart to opposite sides

d)

cytoplasm begins to pinch apart

73.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
74.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytonkinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
Prophase
75.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
76.

 It is easier to understand quantitative data when it is organized into

a)

Tables

b)

Graphs

c)

Sentences

d)

Charts

77.

The dog had a litter of 7 puppies.

a)

Quantitive

b)

Qualitive

78.

big red marbles

a)

qualitive

b)

quantative

79.
Connects monomers to form a polymer
a)
Dehydration synthesis
b)
hydrolysis
80.
Produces water as a by-product
a)
Dehydration synthesis
b)
Hydolysis
81.
Breaks up polymers, forming monomers
a)
dehydration synthesis
b)
hydrolysis
82.
Water is used to break bonds between polymers
a)
dehydration synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
83.
The following figure is illustrating
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
84.
The following figure is illustrating
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
85.
The following figure is illustrating
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
86.

This is the chemical formula for a molecule of...

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Glucose

d)

Water

87.

Macromolecules are made of repeating subunits called

a)

monomers

b)

monosaccharides

c)

polymers

d)

polysaccharides

88.

A __________ consists of many monomers bonded together.

a)

monomer

b)

hydrocarbon

c)

peptide

d)

polymer

89.

Which type of solution makes a cell shrink?

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

90.
What type of transport moves molecules from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration?
a)
Passive
b)
Active
91.
What type of transport does not require the use of ATP (energy)?
a)
Passive
b)
Active
92.
What are the two main components of the cell membrane?
a)
Phospholipids and Carbohydrates
b)
Cholesterol and Proteins
c)
 Phospholipids and Proteins
d)
Carbohydrates and Proteins
93.
Which term refers to the movement of water?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Facilitated diffusion
c)
Active transport
d)
Osmosis
94.
In which type of solution is the concentration of solute molecules equal on both sides of the membrane?
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
95.
What type of molecules can easily move through the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
Small, charged particles
b)
Small, non-polar particles
c)
Large, charged particles
d)
Large, polar particles
96.
Which type of solution causes a cell to swell?
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
97.
Which type of transport uses energy to move molecules across the cell membrane?
a)
Passive
b)
Active
98.

What type of transport is shown in the diagram?

a)

Ion pump

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

99.

What type of transport is shown in the diagram?

a)

Protein pump

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

100.

What type of transport is shown in the diagram?

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

endocytosis

d)

exocytosis

101.

What type of transport is shown in the diagram?

a)

Protein pump

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

102.

Which of the following are examples of passive transport? Select multiple answers.

a)

Diffusion

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

e)

Osmosis

103.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
104.
What does it mean that a cell membrane is, "selectively or semi-permeable?"
a)
It allows all substances in
b)
It allows some substances in but not others
c)
It allows nothing in
105.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Diffusion
106.
The picture is an example of _________________.
a)
endocytosis
b)
diffusion
c)
osmosis
d)
active transport
107.

Placing a cell into a hypertonic solution will cause what?

a)

Water to enter the cell causing the cell to burst, known as CYTOLYSIS

b)

Water to leave the cell which is called PLASMOLYSIS

108.

Match the following

a)

phospholipids

1.

main component of the cell membrane

b)

membrane proteins

2.

allows large molecules to pass through membrane

c)

semipermeable

3.

some substances can go through the cell membrane and some can't

d)

passive transport

4.

does not require ATP; molecules move high to low

e)

active transport

5.

requires ATP; molecules move low to high

109.
Which statement best describes the cell membrane?
a)
The protective outer layer that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
Stores information on DNA molecules / Directs and controls the activities of the cell.
c)
A folded membrane that moves materials around inside cells / Also acts as the site of manufacturing materials needed by the cell.
d)
The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
110.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
111.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
112.
A person would never have pure water put into their veins in a hospital because their cells would...
a)
Shrink/Dehydrate
b)
Expand
113.
What is diffusion?
a)
when molecules move 
b)
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low.
c)
no movement 
d)
molecules move everywhere
114.

Osmosis is the diffusion of _____________ across a cell membrane.

a)

Air

b)

Oxygen

c)

Water

d)

Food

115.

Why can't you drink salt water?

a)

It's hypertonic to your cells

b)

It's hypotonic to your cells

c)

It's isotonic to your cells

d)

It's paratonic to your cells

116.
Ideally, your cells should be in a(n) _______ solution
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Cola
117.
An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
a)
Shrink
b)
Swell
c)
Stay the same
118.

Is the molecule overall polar or nonpolar?

a)

Polar

b)

Nonpolar

119.
All Offspring of Asexual reproduction are identical
a)
True
b)
False
120.

Bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called

a)

replication

b)

meiosis

c)

mitosis

d)

binary fission

121.
How many parent(s)are needed for asexual?
a)
4
b)
1
c)
9
d)
100
122.

Water is the univeral ____.

a)

solute

b)

solvent

c)

solution

123.

solute + solvent =

a)

solution

b)

equation

124.
What is a solute?
a)
The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.
b)
The substance that is dissolved into the solution.
c)
The mixing of different substances.
d)
The process in which neutral molecules lose or gain electrons
125.

The process of "crossing over" occurs in what phase of meiosis?

a)

anaphase 1

b)

prophase 1

c)

prophase 2

d)

telophase 2

126.
One of a matching pair of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent
a)
malignant tumor
b)
sex chromosome
c)
homologous chromosome
d)
benign tumor
127.

A pair of identical chromosomes (one inherited from mom and one inherited from dad) are called ______________________________.

a)

sister chromotids

b)

centromeres

c)

homologous chromosomes

d)

autosomes

128.

The failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate "normally" during meiosis is called _____________________.

a)

nondisjunction

b)

anaphase I

c)

nondiploidy

d)

karyotype

129.

How many chromosomes do humans have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

96

d)

21

e)

43

130.
This symbol indicates that a reaction is ____________
a)
reversible
b)
irreversible
131.

If the miligrams are referring to the amount of sugar, what direction will water flow?

a)

Into the cell

b)

Out of the cell

c)

Into and out equally (equilibrium)

132.
The bond that joins amino acids are called:
a)
Peptide Bonds
b)
Ester Bonds
c)
Glycosidic Linkages
d)
Phosphodiester Bonds
133.

If a methyl group (-CH3), which does not like water, were at the 'R', the amino acid would likely be:

a)

Hydrophobic

b)

Hydrophilic

c)

Ionic

d)

Acidic

134.
DNA is a polymer formed from 
a)
fatty acids. 
b)
monosaccharides.
c)
amino acids.
d)
nucleotides.
135.
Which is a Carbohydrate's monomer?
a)
fatty acids
b)
Amino acids
c)
Monosacharide
d)
Nucleotide
136.
Glucose is an example of a
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
137.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
138.
Which formula represents an amino acid?
a)
a.
b)
b. 
c)
c.
d)
d.
139.

In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is ____.

a)

23

b)

46

c)

69

d)

92

140.

What is unique to Prophase I- is that the duplicated chromosomes pair up to form _______.

a)

a centrosome

b)

a tetrad

c)

the mitotic spindle

d)

sister chromatids

141.

The products of MEIOSIS have _______ number of chromosomes.

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

142.

From the choices below, choose all the sex organs mentioned in Model 1.

a)

sex organs

b)

ovaries

c)

testes

d)

meiosis

143.
Programmed cell death
a)
autosome
b)
independent assortment
c)
apoptosis
d)
oogenesis
144.
A grapical display that shows an individual's chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size
a)
pictograph
b)
genetic recombination
c)
karyotype
d)
diploid
145.

A group of 4 chromatids or 2 duplicated chromosomes.

a)

autosomes

b)

tetrad

c)

diploid

d)

polar bodies

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