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Biology - Fall Semester Exam Review

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 1hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A series of steps used by scientists to solve a problem or answer a question. 
a)
scientific method
b)
recipe
c)
data collection
d)
metric system
2.
A testable explanation to a problem that has not yet been tested. 
a)
data
b)
theory
c)
hypothesis
d)
fact
3.
Dependent variable means
a)
the scientist controls what to test
b)
educated guess
c)
ask a question
d)
what is being measured
4.
The independent variable is the ONE thing you _____.
a)
change on purpose
b)
control or keep constant
c)
measure
5.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid: water, apple juice, or milk. What variables should be kept constant/controlled? 
a)
type of plant, flower pot,  soil, and amount of sunlight
b)
water, apple juice, milk
c)
only the amount of sunlight
d)
type of plant only
6.

What is the function of proteins?

a)

Perform cellular functions and build tissues in the body

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Store information for cells

7.

What is the function of carbohydrates?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Store information for cells

8.

What is the function of nucleic acids?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Stores genetic information in cells

9.

What is the function of lipids?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Store information for cells

10.

Your friend is really irritable while sitting in class. He feels lightheaded and dizzy. He is also feeling a bit of confusion and brain fog.


What inferences are most realistic to make about the biomolecules in your friend's body?

a)

He is running low on fast sources of energy

b)

Proteins are being broken down or reshaped

c)

The coding information in the cell is incorrect or incomplete

d)

There is not enough insulation or energy storage

11.

Bowhead whales can have a specialized layer of blubber up to 30 cm’s thick. This acts as a special insulation that traps the heat their muscles create from movement.


What biomolecule is the blubber primarily made of?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

12.

Helicase is an example of a biomolecule that can destroy bonds between DNA strands during DNA replication.


What biomolecule is helicase?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

13.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
14.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
15.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
16.

Fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cell Theory

d)

Cell Hypothesis

17.

Thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Nucleus

d)

Golgi apparatus

18.

Structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA

a)

Vacuole

b)

Nucleolus

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

19.

Organism whose cells contain a nucleus

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

Chloroplast

20.

Unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus

a)

Eukaryote

b)

Prokaryote

c)

Vacuole

d)

Lysosome

21.

Specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a cell

a)

Vacuole

b)

Ribosome

c)

Organelle

d)

Nucleus

22.

Organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Lipid Bilayer

23.

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP ( energy production ) and cellular respiration in plants and animals.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vacuoles

24.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
25.
I make proteins for the cell. What am I?
a)
ribosome
b)
mitochondria
c)
chloroplast
d)
lysosome
26.
What does this organism use for movement?
a)
Pseudopod
b)
Cilia
c)
Flagella
d)
legs
27.
Moving from areas of LOW concentration to areas of HIGH concentration is called?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
c)
Diffusion
d)
Osmosis
28.
Our cell membrane only lets certain substance in and out of the cell.  This is called?
a)
Semi-Selectively Permeable
b)
Perforated
c)
Non-conductive
d)
Permeable
29.
Which way is the water moving in this cell?
a)
The water level will increase on the right side
b)
The water level will increase on the left side
c)
The water level on both sides will increase
d)
The water level on both sides will decrease
30.
Which way is the water moving in this cell?
a)
Water will move out of the cell
b)
Water will move into the cell
31.

The correct sequence of mitosis:

a)

metaphase, anaphase, telophase, prophase

b)

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

c)

prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase

d)

telophase, metaphase, prophase, anaphase

32.

The division of the cytoplasm is called?

a)

anaphase

b)

mitosis

c)

cytokineses

d)

G0

33.

What type of cell will form a cell plate during mitosis?

a)

Haploid cells

b)

Plant Cells

c)

Animal Cells

d)

Diploid Cells

34.

Uncontrolled growth can result in:

a)

G0 phase

b)

S phase

c)

Replication

d)

Cancer

35.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
36.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have -
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
37.

What is the longest stage of the cell cycle called?

a)

Cytokinesis

b)

Metaphase

c)

Interphase

d)

Prophase

38.

Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes.

a)

21

b)

23

c)

46

d)

None of the above

39.
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
S phase
40.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
41.
What type of cells does meiosis produce? 
a)
2 Genetically identical cells
b)
2 Genetically different cells
c)
4 genetically identical cells
d)
4 genetically different cells
42.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
43.
What 3 things make up a nucleotide?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base
b)
Sugar, Hydrogen, Carbon
c)
Carbon, Phosphate, Nitrogen
d)
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
44.
What is assembled during transcription?
a)
transfer RNA
b)
messenger RNA
c)
DNA replication
d)
court proceedings
45.
What is made during translation?
a)
transfer RNA
b)
messenger RNA
c)
Proteins
d)
Spanish Rice
46.
The two strands of DNA are held together by:
a)
Hydrogen Bonds
b)
Phosphodiester Bonds
c)
Glycolsyl Bonds
d)
Glycosidic Linkages
47.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
48.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
49.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
50.
One difference between DNA and RNA is that RNA....
a)
is double stranded 
b)
contains the base Thymine
c)
contains the base Uracil 
d)
contained the base Guanine
51.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
52.
One form of a gene is called_______________
a)
a DNA
b)
a Phenotype
c)
a trait
d)
an allele
53.
In pea plants, the tall allele is dominant to the short allele. What key would demonstrate this?
a)
Tall = T
Short = S
b)
Tall = T
Short = t
c)
Tall = t
Short = T
d)
Tall = TT
Short = tt
54.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
55.

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?

a)

Yy

b)

yY

c)

yy

d)

YY

56.

What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?

a)

3:1

b)

1:3

c)

1:2:1

d)

2:2

57.

What are the phenotype percentages of the offspring?

(A-Brown fur color; a-white fur color)

a)

50 % Brown fur and 50% White fur

b)

25 % Brown fur and 75% White fur

c)

75 % Brown fur and 25% White fur

d)

0% Brown fur and 100% White fur

58.
This is an example of
a)
Complete dominance
b)
Mendelian Genetics
c)
Codominance
d)
Incomplete Dominance
59.

Which of the choices is homozygous recessive?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

60.

Which of the choices is heterozygous?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

61.

What is name for traits that are controlled by many genes such as height and skin color?

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

co dominance

d)

polygenic

e)

multiple alleles

62.
A red eyed female fruit fly XR XR is crossed with a white eyed male Xr Y. What are the phenotypes of the offspring?
a)
2 red eyed females; 2 red eyed males
b)
2 white eyed females; 2 red eyed males
c)
2 white eyed females; 2 white eyed males
d)
1 red eyed female; 1 white eyed female; 1 white eyed male; 1 red eyed male
63.

Hemophilia also known as bleeder's disease is an X-linked trait. A mother who is heterozygous for hemophilia married a man without hemophilia. Examine the cross and identify the offspring with normal phenotype. Select all that apply.

A
B
C
D
64.

In humans blood type is determined by the A, B and O alleles. The A and B alleles are codominant to each other and dominant over the O allele. An individual with the AO genotype and an individual with the BO genotype can produce offspring with which of the following phenotypes?

a)

O only

b)

A and B only

c)

A, B or O only

d)

A, B, AB or O

65.
What is this?
a)
Pedigree
b)
Karyotype
c)
Venn diagram
d)
Punnett Square
66.

What is the gender of this person?

a)

Male

b)

Female

67.

What is a karyotype?

a)

An image that shows all of the DNA within an organism

b)

An image that shows the chromosomes from a single cell within a single organism

c)

The entire genetic sequence of humans

68.

This laboratory procedure is known as

a)

CLONING

b)

gel electrophoresis

c)

chromatography

d)

use of a dichotomous key

69.
Which suspect is likely guilty?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
70.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 

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