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Rock Cycle, Tectonic Plates, and Convection

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What factors are responsible for convection currents?

a)

Temperature

b)

Color

c)

Consistency

d)

Density

2.

How is density defined?

a)

Quantity of mass per unit volume.

b)

How much space an object takes up

c)

The total mass of an object

3.

This is the portion of the upper mantle which is described as having a "plastic like" motion.

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Asthenosphere

c)

Mantle

d)

Convection Currents

4.

This is the crust and the upper most mantle, it is brittle and rigid.

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Asthenosphere

c)

Mantle

d)

Convection Currents

5.

How does the density of the Earth change from the crust to the core?

a)

Increases in density

b)

Decreases in density

c)

Increases to mantle, then decreases

d)

Decreases to mantle, then increases

6.
Which of these is NOT a type of plate boundary?
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Bivergent
d)
Transform
7.
This is the process of warm liquids rising while cooler liquids sink.
a)
Convection
b)
Subduction
c)
Boiling
d)
Uplift
8.
This type of plate boundary is when two plates slide past each other.
a)
Convergent
b)
Transform
c)
Divergent
d)
Subductive
9.
This type of plate boundary is when two plates crash into each other.
a)
Convergent
b)
Transform
c)
Divergent
d)
Subductive
10.
This type of plate boundary is when two plates move apart.
a)
Convergent
b)
Transform
c)
Divergent
d)
Subductive
11.
This is when two plates converge but one slides under the other due to density.
a)
Uplift
b)
Subduction
c)
Trench
d)
None of the above
12.
When plates converge and form mountains, scientists call it _______.
a)
Uplift
b)
Subduction
c)
Elevation
d)
None of the above
13.
This scientist built most of the evidence for continental drift.
a)
Alfred Wegener
b)
Sean Carroll
c)
Fred Calfred
d)
John Williams
14.
Which of these is a key piece of evidence of contiental drift?
a)
Continent shapes
b)
Fossil record
c)
Rock layers
d)
All of the above
15.

Describe the most likely relationship between these mountains and nearby tectonic plates.

a)

The mountains are probably formed by earthquakes

b)

The mountains are probably formed by the movement of glaciers

c)

The mountains are probably located near the edge of 2 tectonic plates.

d)

The mountains are probably formed by running water.

16.

Is there a pattern to the locations of earthquakes and volcanoes around the globe?

a)

No, earthquakes and volcanoes are random.

b)

Yes, earthquakes and volcanoes usually occur near the boundaries of tectonic plates.

c)

yes, earthquakes and volcanoes usually occur in the middle of tectonic plates.

d)

No, earthquakes and volcanoes usually occur under water.

17.

Most earthquakes tend to occur at which location?

a)

The central regions of very large continents

b)

Groups of islands farthest from any continents

c)

The boundaries between continents and oceans

d)

The steep slopes of the very oldest mountains

18.

A map is provided that presents information on a certain region of the Earth. Based on the information on the map, at which location are mountains most likely to form?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

19.

A map is provided that shows the location of the Aleutian Islands in comparison to some of Earth’s tectonic plates is provided. Based on the information provided, which of the following is most likely a feature of the Aleutian Islands?

a)

The climate is getting older.

b)

They were formed by volcanic activity.

c)

These islands are the oldest on Earth.

Earthquakes do not occur there

20.

The Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. What claim can be made about the Ring of Fire from this information?

a)

It is the only place on Earth where earthquakes can happen.

b)

The edges of the tectonic plates are moving in this area.

c)

It represents the areas where tectonic plates are the thickest.

d)

It has been getting larger since Earth first formed.

21.

Peru and Chile are part of South America, which sits on the South American tectonic plate. The Nazca plate is moving toward the South American plate. It is pushed downward, which causes it to slide under the South American plate. Based on this information, what feature could we expect to see off the coast of Peru and Chile?

a)

new Continent formation

b)

Poor fishing conditions

c)

Deep ocean trench

d)

Severe tropical storms

22.

A force caused the continents to drift apart over time. Once scientists figured out what that force was, the theory of plate tectonics was born! The image above shows what Geologists think the Earth looked like millions of years ago. What name was given to this land mass.

a)

Plate Tectonics

b)

Oceana

c)

Pangea

d)

North America

23.

Tectonic plates float on top of the ________

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Inner Core

d)

Outer Core

24.

We live in an area without many earthquakes because _____

a)

We live near a major fault line

b)

We live near the boundary of 2 tectonic plates

c)

We live near the middle of the North American Plate

d)

We live near the Pacific Plate

25.

Select all that are TRUE about Continental Drift.

a)

Supercontinent was known as Continental Ridge

b)

Supercontinent was known as Pangaea

c)

Pangaea was the area between continents

d)

Continental Ridge was the area between continents

26.

Select all that are TRUE about Tectonic Plates.

a)

Mantle forms ridges

b)

Crust forms ridges

c)

Hot material sinks down

d)

Hot material moves up

27.

Select all that are TRUE about Tectonic Plates.

a)

Creates Divided Boundary

b)

Creates Divergent Boundary

c)

Creates Convergent Boundary

d)

Creates Concave Boundary

28.

Select all that are TRUE about Divergent Boundary.

a)

Forms Pacific Ring of Fire

b)

Plates will move toward each other

c)

Plates will move away from each other

d)

Forms Mid-Atlantic Ridge

29.

Select all that are TRUE about Transform Boundary.

a)

Plates move in opposite direction

b)

Plates move in same direction

c)

Forms San Andrea Fault

d)

Forms Mid-Atlantic Ridge

30.

Select all that are TRUE about Convergent Boundary.

a)

Plates move in opposite direction

b)

Plates slide under each other

c)

Forms San Andrea Fault

d)

Forms Pacific Ring of Fire

31.

What is the force inside the mantle that causes the Earth's Plates to move ?

a)

subduction

b)

radiation

c)

conduction

d)

convection

32.

What geologic feature will occur at a hot spot ?

a)

volcano

b)

folded mountain

c)

deep sea trench

d)

crevasse

33.

A prime example of an area over a hot spot is :

a)

Japan

b)

the Andes Mountains

c)

the East African Rift

d)

the Hawaiian Islands

34.

As one moves away from a hot spot, the crust will get :

a)

younger

b)

older

c)

the will be no change in age

35.

Which of the following will move with time ?

a)

a hot spot

b)

the plate the hot spot is over

c)

neither move

d)

both move

36.
Where are most volcanoes found?
a)
Southern Hemisphere
b)
Ring of Fire
c)
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
d)
Hot Spots
37.
What is molten rock that has formed deep within the Earth?
a)
Hot Spot
b)
Magma
c)
Lava
d)
Volcano
38.
Why does magma tend to rise to the surface?
a)
It has large amounts of silica.
b)
It contains very little silica.
c)
It is denser than the surrounding material.
d)
It is less dense than the surrounding material.
39.
What is molten rock that has reached the Earth's surface?
a)
Aa
b)
Lava
c)
Magma
d)
Pahoehoe
40.

When the Earth's asthenosphere cools off it becomes _______ dense and ___.

a)

More / Sinks

b)

Less / Sinks

c)

More / Rises

d)

Less / Rises

41.

What is CONVECTION? (Select all that apply)

a)

The transfer of heat by the movement of a heated solid.

b)

When heated particles become less dense and rise, then they cool off become more dense and sink.

c)

The transfer of heat when cold matter rises and heated matter sinks.

42.

What is a CONVECTION CURRENT?

a)

The transfer of matter from high temperatures to low temperaures.

b)

The transfer of heat within a fluid

c)

A current of air circulating.

43.

Where do convection currents flow in the Earth?

a)

lithosphere

b)

inner core

c)

asthenosphere

d)

crust

44.

What is the heat source for convection currents in the Earth?

a)

The sun

b)

Nuclear power plants

c)

Heat from the core and the mantle

d)

Heat from the Earth's oceans.

45.

How does heating affect the density within a convection current?

a)

When an fluid is heated, it moves faster and becomes less dense.

b)

When a fluid is heated it moves slower and becomes more dense.

c)

When a fluid is heated it moves slower and becomes less dense.

d)

When a fluid is heated it moves faster and becomes more dense.

46.

How does cooling affect the density within a convection current?

a)

When an fluid cools off, it moves faster and becomes less dense.

b)

When a fluid cools off it moves slower and becomes more dense.

c)

When a fluid cools off it moves slower and becomes less dense.

d)

When a fluid cools off it moves faster and becomes more dense.

47.

What is happening to the convection currents at a DIVERGENT plate boundary

a)

the current is falling

b)

the current is rising

48.

What is happening to the convection currents at a CONVERGENT plate boundary

a)

the current is falling

b)

the current is rising

49.

Are hot spots only found on plate boundaries?

a)

No, they can be found anywhere (Yellowstone and Hawaii are not on plate boundaries)

b)

Yes, they only occur at plate boundaries

50.

How do hot spots prove plates are moving?

a)

As a plate moves, the hotspot moves with the plate forming a chain of volcanoes.

b)

As the plate moves, the hot spot doesn't move, but it creates a chain of volcanoes on the moving plate obove it.

c)

The hot spot moves under the stationary plate causing a chain of volcanoes.

d)

They don't prove plates are moving.

51.

Where are the YOUNGEST volcanoes found in relation to the hot spot?

a)

near the boundary

b)

farther from the hot spot

c)

directly over the hot spot

d)

underneath the hot spot

52.

Where are the OLDEST volcanoes found in relation to the hot spot?

a)

near the boundary

b)

farther from the hot spot

c)

directly over the hot spot

d)

underneath the hot spot

53.

During which process does layer upon layer of sediment build up, exerting pressure on the layers below?

a)

Erosion

b)

Compaction

c)

Conglomerate

54.

Metamorphic rock transforms to sediment by ______?

a)

melting and cooling

b)

cementation and compaction

c)

Weathering and erosion

d)

heat and pressure

55.

Heat and ____________ can change sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock.

a)

Pressure

b)

Melting

c)

Coolig

56.

Igneous rocks form from the __________ of magma or lava.

a)

Pressure

b)

Cooling

c)

Heat

57.

_________ is the process which causes magma to form.

a)

Pressure

b)

Melting

c)

Cooling

58.

Why are some igneous rocks coarse and others are smooth?

a)

Igneous rocks have different textures based on their crystal size. Determined by how quickly it cools.

b)

Igneous rocks have different based on their crystal weight. Determined by how quickly it warms.

59.

Which type of rock often contains fossils and how do you think this occurs?

a)

Sedimentary rocks

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Igneous

60.

Which of the following is an igneous rock?

a)

Gneiss

b)

Shale

c)

Limestone

d)

Pumice

61.
What geologic process changes pieces of rocks, minerals and other materials into sedimentary rocks?
a)
Compacting and Cementing
b)
Cooling
c)
Heat and Pressure
d)
Melting
62.
What characteristic is common in metamorphic rocks?
a)
Fossils
b)
Foliations or layers
c)
Gas Bubbles
d)
Glassy Surface
63.
What geologic process can change granite (igneous rock) into gneiss (metamorphic rock)?
a)
Compacting and cementing
b)
Cooling 
c)
Heat and pressure
d)
Melting
64.

What type of rock is formed from slow cooling magma UNDER the earth's surface?

a)

Extrusive Igneous

b)

Intrusive Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Sediment

65.

Identify the series of geologic processes that can transform sediment into shale (sedimentary rock), shale into slate (metamorphic), and slate into magma

a)

Cooling; Melting; Heat and Pressure

b)

Compacting and cementing; heat and pressure; melting

c)

Melting; heat and pressure; cooling

d)

Weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing; cooling

66.
What type of rock is formed from slow cooling magma under the earth's surface?
a)
Extrusive Igneous
b)
Intrusive Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
d)
Sediment
67.

Which characteristic is found only in sedimentary rocks?

a)

Fossils

b)

Crystals

c)

Gas Bubbles

d)

Glassy Surface

68.

The Mount Rushmore National Monument is carved from the granite (formed from magma underground) of South Dakota's Black Hills. What type of rock is granite?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

None of the above

69.

The seated sculpture of President Lincoln inside the Lincoln Memorial was carved out of white Georgia marble (formed from Earth's pressure and heat). What type of is marble?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

None of the above

70.

Which characteristic is common to EXTRUSIVE igneous rocks?

a)

Crystals

b)

Fossils

c)

Glassy surface

d)

Ribbonlike layers

71.

Identify the series of geologic processes that can transform magma into granite (igneous rock), granite into sand (sediment), and sand into sandstone (sedimentary rock).

a)

Cooling; weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing

b)

Melting; heat and pressure; cooling

c)

Weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing;

d)

Weathering and erosion; compacting and cementing; heat and pressure

72.
Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand compacted and cemented together?
a)
Coal
b)
igneous
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
73.

Which type of rock is made from magma cooling inside Earth?

a)

EXTRUSIVE igneous

b)

INTRUSIVE igneous

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

74.
Which type of rock is heated and pressurised but does NOT melt?
a)
igneous
b)
hard rock
c)
metamorphic
d)
sedimentary
75.

Which type of rock is made from lava cooling on the surface of Earth?

a)

EXTRUSIVE Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

INTRUSIVE Igneous

76.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
77.

A model showing the processes that create and change rock.

a)

Water Cycle

b)

Carbon Cycle

c)

Rock Cycle

d)

Nitrogen Cycle

78.

Magma that reaches the surface flows from a volcano as ____________

a)

Magma

b)

Water

c)

Ice

d)

Lava

79.

These Rocks are formed from Magma and Lava

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

80.

These Rocks are formed from Heat and Pressure

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

81.

These Rocks are form from layers of sediment over Millions of years

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

82.

This rock started as molten magma but transformed after a volcano erupted. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

83.

This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

84.

Molten rock below the Earth's surface is called...

a)

Magma

b)

Lava

c)

Goo

d)

Really hot goo

85.

The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

sediments

86.
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure
b)
melting and cooling
c)
weathering and erosion
87.

In which type of rock might you see a fossil?

a)

Marble

b)

Igneous rock

c)

Metamorphic rock

d)

Sedimentary rock

88.

Thinking about sedimentary rock, the oldest layers are found

a)

on the top most layer

b)

in the middle of other layers

c)

all layers are the same age

d)

towards the bottom

89.

Having visible layers would identified a rock as ​ (a)   . Rocks that are cooled lava or magma are ​ (b)   rock. Intense heat and pressure allows for ​ (c)   rock to form.

Choose from the below words
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
90.

What is number 4?

a)

heat pressure

b)

melting

c)

weathering

d)

cooling/crystallization

91.

What is number 3?

a)

heat pressure

b)

melting

c)

weathering

d)

cooling/crystallization

92.

What is number 2?

a)

heat pressure

b)

melting

c)

weathering

d)

cooling/crystallization

93.

What is number 1?

a)

heat pressure

b)

melting

c)

weathering

d)

cooling/crystallization

94.

Which one of the examples below is physical weathering?

a)

lichens growing on rock

b)

acid rain wearing away limestone

c)

oxidation (rusting) of a flag pole

d)

frost wedging splitting a rock apart

95.

Which of these terms describes the process of acid rain wearing out limestone?

a)

deposition

b)

chemical weathering

c)

physical weathering

d)

erosion

96.
What is the process called that moves small pieces of Earth's surface to another location?
a)
deposition
b)
weathering
c)
river flow
d)
erosion

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