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DNA/Biotechnology TRMS

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A particular plant was made using genetic engineering. What do you know about that plant?
a)
The genetic makeup was changed.
b)
It is an artificial plant.
c)
It cannot be eaten.
d)
It was developed for feeding cattle.
2.
Mildred. the mouse is genetically identical to her mother. Mildred must be:
a)
A twin.
b)
A clone.
c)
A hybrid.
d)
A mutant.
3.
When an organism is changed or altered from its original form it is a:
a)
Mutant.
b)
Chromosome.
c)
Phenotype.
d)
Protein.
4.

The biological process responsible for passing on physical traits from one generation to another.

a)

Heredity

b)

Stem cells

c)

Genotype

d)

Characteristics

5.

Technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products.

a)

Genetics

b)

Heredity

c)

Biotechnology

d)

Genotype

6.

This is the practice of inserting the DNA of another species into an organism's DNA so that the organism gains a new trait.

a)

Cloning

b)

Gel Electrophoresis

c)

Genetic Engineering

d)

DNA Fingerprinting

7.

This is the practice of choosing individuals of a species to mate based on their desirable characteristics

a)

Bacterial recombination

b)

Natural selection

c)

Genetic modification

d)

Selective breeding

8.

Which of these is the correct definition of genetic modification/genetic engineering?

a)

Choosing individuals to mate based on desired characteristics

b)

Observing genetic changes in populations over time based on adaptive traits

c)

Extracting stem cells to differentiate into specialized tissues

d)

Altering the DNA of an organism at the molecular level

9.

The process that has been used for centruries to create purebred animals such as black labs is called

a)

recombinant DNA

b)

cloning

c)

selective breeding

10.

A company that creates hair dye would most likely employ a bio-technician for which job?

a)

researching trends

b)

developing new colors

c)

creating cost effective packaging

d)

developing a product that will be safe for consumers

11.

What would be a positive reason to genetically alter Fraser Fir trees in North Carolina to make them more resistant to rot?

a)

By producing crops that are frost resistant

b)

By making robots to replace large farm machines

c)

The population of fir trees would increase and grow healthier.

d)

By increasing the use of wind farms that produce electricity

12.
Which term refers to a farmer choosing the best corn from this year to plant next year?
a)
natural selection
b)
selective breeding
c)
genetic engineering
d)
genetic transformation
13.

Selective breeding is...

a)

a process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits

b)

natural method of producing offspring with desired traits

c)

creating a new species

d)

making organisms reproduce during times of stress

14.

An example of selective breeding is

a)

a dog breeder mating 2 dogs to make more dogs

b)

a farmer grows bees to pollinate the plants on his farm

c)

a person pollinates 2 white rose plants to only create white roses

15.

Which of these is the first step in selective breeding flowers.

a)

Repeat the process only with the offspring with the desired traits

b)

watch the seeds grow

c)

Choose plants that have the desired trait to pollinate

d)

chose which trait is desirable

16.

A mutation

a)

is always bad for an organism

b)

is always good for an organism

c)

is a change in an organism's DNA

d)

never changes an organism

17.
Which is another term for selective breeding?
a)
Artificial selection
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Intelligent selection
18.

Which is NOT a result of selective breeding?

a)

Large seedless watermelons that consumer demand

b)

Bright oranges that are all about the same size

c)

An insect that matches the color of the environment

d)

A dog that has been bred to have short hair

19.
Scientists genetically engineer corn to be immune to corn diseases. This is BENEFICIAL because
a)
This causes corn to be less likely to reproduce
b)
This causes corn to be less likely to survive
c)
This causes corn to be smaller
d)
This allows increased production of corn
20.

The purpose of selective breeding is to

a)

get bigger animals

b)

get smaller animals

c)

create animals with desirable traits

d)

create animals with bad traits

21.
Evidence shows that the wolf is the ancestor to all of the breeds of dogs shown below. How did this variation arise in a relatively short period of time?
a)
Humans picked random wolves to reproduce, keeping all the offspring
b)
Humans picked the largest, meanest wolves to reproduce the most
c)
Humans raised and bred wolves that had traits humans preferred
d)
Two wolves mated, and by mutation a dog offspring was born and kept by humans
22.

How can farmers best use selective breeding to increase apple production?

a)

By limiting the number of trees growing so they can have more space.

b)

By choosing trees that are the largest in size.

c)

By increasing the amount of water and fertilizer the trees receive.

d)

By choosing trees that consistently have the most apples.

23.
A farmer has bred his pineapple plants from the sweetest pineapples from his last harvest to get even sweeter pineapple plants. What is this an example of?
a)
Selective breeding
b)
Natural selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Mutagenesis
24.

In which ways can genetic engineering can improve crops

a)

Make them pest or drought resistant

b)

Make them more nutritious

c)

Make them larger

d)

All answers are correct

25.
Making changes in the DNA of an organism is
a)
selective breeding
b)
artificial selection
c)
genetic engineering
d)
genetic transformation
26.
Which term refers to a farmer choosing the best corn from this year to plant next year?
a)
natural selection
b)
selective breeding
c)
genetic engineering
d)
genetic transformation
27.
Someone has a wild cat breed with a house cat in order to have a cat that looks wild but is more gentle. This is__.
a)
Genetic Modification
b)
Gene Therapy
c)
Animal Husbandry
d)
Selective breeding
28.

A farmer has bred his pineapple plants from the sweetest pineapples in his last harvest to get even sweeter pineapple plants next time. What is this an example of?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Genetic Engineering

c)

Selective Breeding or artificial selection

d)

Extinction

29.

Which process is involved in selective breeding?

a)

Allowing organisms to reproduce without human interference

b)

Humans choosing individuals with desirable traits to parent the next generation

c)

Using technology to cut DNA and insert genes to get the traits you want.

30.

Which process is involved with genetic engineering?

a)

Allowing organisms to reproduce without human interference

b)

Humans choosing individuals with desirable traits to parent the next generation

c)

Using technology to cut DNA and insert genes to get the traits you want.

31.

What base pairs with adenine?

a)

phosphate

b)

guanine

c)

cytosine

d)

thymine

32.

What base pairs with guanine?

a)

cytosine

b)

guanine

c)

thymine

d)

sugar

33.

What is DNA

a)

donuts need algea

b)

did no algebra

c)

do not answer

d)

deoxyribonucleic acid

34.

What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?

a)

a phosphate group

b)

a base

c)

a wave caused by a large bomb

d)

a 5 carbon sugar

35.

Why is DNA important?

a)

It teleports cookies to my locker.

b)

It carries the instructions for our cells.

c)

It allows me to be invisible.

d)

It gave us a snow day in August.

36.

If a DNA sequence it GAATGCCT, what are the matching base pairs?

a)

ACGTACCTG

b)

AEIOU and sometimes Y

c)

CTTACGGA

d)

GCCTATGC

37.

If a DNA sequence is CATCAT, what are the matching base pairs?

a)

ACGTAC

b)

MEOW

c)

GTAGTA

d)

GCCTAT

38.

What does the structure of DNA resemble?

a)

an airplane propeller

b)

a twisted ladder

c)

a twisted Christmas tree

d)

a hippo in a tutu

39.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
40.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
41.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
42.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
43.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
44.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
45.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
46.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
47.

How many chromosomes do human cells have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

44

48.
What is a gene?
a)
A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into
b)
something inside the nucleus
c)
a piece of DNA
d)
all of your DNA
49.

Bundled up, organized DNA is called a

a)

gene

b)

trait

c)

chromosome

d)

nucleotide

50.

DNA is a(n)

a)

atom

b)

molecule

c)

nucleus

d)

cell

51.

A DNA molecule is shaped like a

a)

toilet

b)

cone

c)

ball

d)

spiraled ladder

52.

DNA acts like a(n )__________________ for our traits.

a)

instruction manual

b)

nucleus

c)

cell

d)

gene

53.

Chromosomes occur in the _______ of a cell.

a)

cell

b)

chromosome

c)

gene

d)

nucleus

54.

_______ are features of a living thing that can include height, bone structure, disease risk, and hair, skin, and eye color.

a)

Genes

b)

Cells

c)

Traits

d)

Chromosomes

55.
Who were the first guys to build a model of a DNA molecule?
a)
Larry, Moe, and Curley Joe
b)
Watson and Crick
c)
Watson and Holmes
d)
Superman and Batman
56.
The building block of nucleic acids are nucleotides.  Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a _________________ base.
a)
oxygen
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon
57.

The backbone of a DNA molecule is made from a 5 carbon ______________ and a _______________ group.

a)

lipid, carbon

b)

sugar, phosphate

c)

nitrogen, oxygen

d)

nitrogen, sulfur

58.
What are the four nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
b)
adenine, lysine, prolene, guanine
c)
arganine, cytosine, lysine, purine
d)
lysine, cytosine, lucine, guanine
59.
The sugar in DNA is ?
a)
sucrose
b)
glucose
c)
deoxyribose
d)
fructose
60.
What kind of information does DNA carry?
a)
genetic
b)
nuclear
c)
cell structure
d)
it doesn't carry any info
61.

DNA makes a copy of itself in a process called ________________________________?

a)

translation

b)

replication

c)

transcription

d)

division

62.
What are the building blocks for DNA?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
nucleotides
c)
lipids
d)
proteins
63.

DNA is made of ______ strands.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

64.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
65.

Guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thymine are

a)

sides of the ladder in DNA

b)

phosphate molecules

c)

nitrogen bases

66.

The sides of the DNA molecule (the ladder) are made up of nucleotides. These nucleotides are ____ & ____.

a)

deoxyribose sugar and phosphates

b)

Splenda and phosphates

c)

phosphates and glucose

67.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
68.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA? (This is the MONOMER of DNA.) 
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
69.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
70.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
71.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
72.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Insertion
c)
Inversion
d)
Translocation
73.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
74.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
75.
Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?
a)
deletion
b)
insertion
c)
silent
d)
transverse
76.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
77.

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

a)

deoxyribose

b)

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

c)

nucleotide

d)

gene

78.

When bases do not pair up correctly. It changes the genetic sequence.

a)

genetic mutation

b)

disease

c)

genetic error

d)

mutant

79.

The base that pairs with cytosine.

a)

guanine

b)

thymine

c)

phosphate

d)

adenine

80.

The chemicals that make up the rungs of the DNA ladder.

a)

deoxyribose

b)

phosphate

c)

nitrogen bases

d)

nucleotides

81.

Nucleotides are made of a molecule of deoxyribose, connected to a phosphate & a nitrogen base. They make up one side of the DNA double helix.

a)

true

b)

false

82.

The control center of the cell, containing DNA.

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

cell membrane

d)

nucleotide

83.
What are the three types of mutation? 
a)
Insertion, Deletion, Subsitution
b)
Deletion, Newstion, Subsitution 
c)
Newstion, Deletion, Insertion 
d)
Insertion, Newstion, Substitution 
84.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
85.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
86.
What is the definition of DNA mutation? 
a)
The original DNA strand
b)
The strand with four pairs 
c)
A change in the DNA strand
d)
The strand in a double helix 
87.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
88.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
89.
Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?
a)
deletion
b)
insertion
c)
silent
d)
transverse
90.

What is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein called?

a)

RNA

b)

replication

c)

gene

d)

protein

91.

What is it called when DNA makes a copy of itself?

a)

Translation

b)

Replication

c)

Mitosis

d)

Gene therapy

92.

Who took this photo of DNA?

a)

Rosalind Franklin

b)

Francis Crick

c)

Dr. Dre

d)

James Watson

93.

What is this?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Amino Acid

c)

Protein

d)

Ribosome

94.

Which of the following is NOT a part of a nucleotide?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate

c)

Phospholipid

d)

Nitrogen Base

95.

Which of the following is NOT a DNA base?

a)

THYMINE

b)

URACIL

c)

ADENINE

d)

GUANINE

96.

Which of the following is the correct complement to the following DNA sequence?

ATCTGTA

a)

TAGACAT

b)

CATATAG

c)

UACAUTC

97.

What bonds DNA base pairs?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Carbon

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Tape

98.

What alternates along the sides of the DNA molecule?

a)

Nitrogen Base Pairs

b)

Phosphate and Sugar

c)

Ribose and Deoxyribose

d)

Adenine and Thymine

99.

Which of the following describes RNA?

a)

Deoxyribose Sugar

b)

Adenine = Thymine

c)

Single-stranded

d)

Stays in the nucleus

100.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose

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