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WorksheetsUnit 9 Natural Selection Test Review
Total questions: 85
Worksheet time: 52mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the study of organisms at the early stages of development?
a)
DNA studies
b)
embryology
c)
extinction
d)
fossil record
2.
What is an organism that has similar characteristics and can reproduce?
a)
species
b)
organism
c)
embryology
d)
vestigial
3.
What is this an example of?
a)
diversity of species
b)
variation
c)
vestigial structures
d)
DNA studies
4.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
embryology
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil record
5.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
6.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the tailbone of a human
7.
which of the folllowing is an exammple of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the wings of an ostrich
8.
protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest a
a)
coincidence
b)
lack of evolutionary relationship
c)
great number of mutations
d)
shared ancestry
9.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
10.
Structures that have the same function but different structures are...
a)
homologous structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
vestigial structures
d)
embryology
11.
If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins, what is probably TRUE?
a)
species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor
b)
species A evolved independently of species B for a long period
c)
species A is younger than species B
d)
species A is older than species B
12.
Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence contain both homologous and vestigial structures?
a)
fossil record
b)
comparing embryology
c)
comparing biochemistry
d)
comparing anatomy
13.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to:
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
14.
How would you describe this evolution?
a)
Homologous structure
b)
Analogous structure
c)
Structural adaption
d)
Functional adaption
15.
Which is not evidence for evolution?
a)
many animals have homologous structures due to common ancestry
b)
Many animals have vestigial structures from an ancestor
c)
We can observe changes in life forms by observing the fossil record
d)
All of these are evidence for evolution
16.
Recently, scientists have been able to use ___________to find common proteins and amino acids to determine how closely related species are.
a)
DNA
b)
Vestigial structures
c)
Fossils
d)
Homologous structures
17.
Which IS NOT used as evidence for evolution?
a)
Fossils
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Early Development/Embryos
d)
Body Structure/Anatomy
e)
DNA/Proteins
18.
Which of the following is the collection of life's remains found in sedimentary rock?
a)
natural selection
b)
homologous structures
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
the fossil record
19.
Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale?
a)
Hippopotamus
b)
Baleen Whale
c)
Grazing Mammals
d)
Camels
20.
The similarities of organisms in which two areas numbered in the picture provide the best evidence for common ancestry?
a)
1 and 2
b)
3 and 4
c)
5 and 6
d)
7 and 8
21.
Which word is defined as a reduced form of a functional structure in 1 organism that shows up as fully functional in another?
a)
homologous structures
b)
vestigial structures
c)
analogous structure
d)
DNA
22.
What conclusion can you draw from the fact that many modern whale species have vestigial pelvic and leg bones?
a)
The ancestors of whales may have been land mammals
b)
Whales could walk if they wanted to
c)
Whales are preparing to evolve into land animals
d)
Someday whales will be able to walk and will have legs
23.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
24.
The image suggests that whales and hippopotamuses shared a common ancestor. When did these ancestors live?
a)
25-35 million years ago
b)
50-60 million years ago
c)
60-75 million years ago
d)
75 million years ago or more
25.
Which of the following is NOT a Biological Evidence of Evolution?
a)
Fossils
b)
Embryology
c)
Comparative Anatomy
d)
Molecular Biology
26.
The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species is called................
a)
Natural selection.
b)
Evolution
c)
Competition
d)
Overpopulation
27.
What causes organisms to adapt?
a)
fossil records
b)
other animals
c)
their environment
28.
Evolution typically happens...
a)
in a few weeks
b)
over millions of years
c)
never
d)
in 100 years
29.
Bird's beaks evolve mainly due to the type of ___________________ available.
a)
food
b)
water
c)
shrubs
d)
mates
30.
Darwin said that within a species there will be _________________________
a)
nothing different
b)
variation/differences
31.
In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?
a)
Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce
b)
Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs
c)
We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.
d)
There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.
32.
Which of these is an example of natural selection?
a)
The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
b)
Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
c)
One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
d)
Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.
33.
Humans have been a very successful species on earth. They have very large, very diverse populations spread all around the world. As a result,
a)
Human have very limited ability to adapt to changes in the environment.
b)
Young humans have lower survival rates as compared to other species.
c)
Humans have a potential to adapt to various environmental changes.
d)
All humans are more disease resistant.
34.
Which of the following explains adaptation.
a)
An individual organism changes to meet its needs in the environment. These changes pass down to their offspring.
b)
The species as a whole changes their characteristics.
c)
Beneficial traits allow organism to survive and pass on those traits
d)
New characteristics arise in a species as needed. If these traits are helpful, they are passed down.
35.
What type of selection is depicted in the picture?
a)
stabilizing
b)
directional
c)
disruptive
d)
the answer is not here
36.
What type of selection?
a)
Directional
b)
Stabilizing
c)
Disruptive
37.
Which of the three graphs shows stabilizing selection?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
38.
What is the correct explanation for what is happening in this graph?
a)
There are a lot of average-sized beaks
b)
There are no beaks
c)
There are a lot of small beaks only
d)
There are a lot of small and large beaks, but not average-sized ones
39.
Scientists find that most feral cats in a neighborhood have whiskers about 12 cm long. After about 15 generations of stabilizing selection, what would you expect to see?
a)
even more cats with 12 cm long whiskers
b)
most cats with less than 12 cm long whiskers
c)
most cats with more than 12 cm long whiskers
d)
most cats with whiskers either less than or more than 12 cm long, very few with whiskers 12 cms
40.
Tall kelp have a distinct advantage over shorter kelp in receiving needed sunlight in their ocean environment
a)
directional selection
b)
disruptive selection
c)
stabilizing selection
d)
sexual selection
e)
artificial selection
41.
snails with a forward spiral and snails with a backward spiral have an advantage in their environment
a)
directional selection
b)
stabilizing selection
c)
disruptive selection
d)
artificial selection
e)
sexual selection
42.
What animals did Charles Darwin study when at the Galapagos Islands?
a)
Giraffes
b)
Seagulls
c)
Seals
d)
Finches
43.
What is survival of the fittest?
a)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
b)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
c)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
d)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
44.
What is natural selection?
a)
Your natural fate is decided from birth
b)
Nature actively chooses who surivives
c)
Those best suited to demands of environment surivie
d)
The weakest of a species survive
45.
The economist Thomas Malthus suggested that
a)
in the human population, people die faster than babies are born.
b)
without certain checks on population size, there would soon be insufficient food for the growing human population.
c)
in the 1700s, England needed more housing.
d)
the majority of a species’ offspring die.
46.
Lamarck’s ideas about evolution include the concept that differences among the traits of organisms arise as a result of
a)
continual increases in population size.
b)
the actions of organisms as they use or fail to use body structures.
c)
an unchanging local environment.
d)
the natural variations already present within the population of organisms.
47.
Which of the following is NOT a condition for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
a)
No mutations
b)
Random Mating
c)
No natural selection
d)
No offspring
48.
What does the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium measure?
a)
changes in allele frequencies
b)
numbers of mutations
c)
goodness of fit
d)
genetic diversity
49.
The total collection of genes in a population at any one time.
a)
population genetics
b)
gene pool
c)
gene flow
d)
allele frequency
50.
Who is the father of evolution?
a)
Darwin
b)
Mendel
c)
Newton
d)
Einstein
51.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest
52.
What is a change in an organism that allows for it to survive in its environment?
a)
homologous
b)
vestigial
c)
variation
d)
adaptation
53.
What is the study of organisms at the early stages of development?
a)
DNA studies
b)
embryology
c)
extinction
d)
fossil record
54.
What is an organism that has similar characteristics and can reproduce?
a)
species
b)
organism
c)
embryology
d)
vestigial
55.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
embryology
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil record
56.
Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________
a)
increase in number
b)
become extinct
57.
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?
a)
People selectively breeding hamsters.
b)
Insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.
c)
Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.
d)
Male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.
58.
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring?
a)
Evolution
b)
Variation
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection
59.
The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution. How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?
a)
Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
b)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
c)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
d)
Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.
60.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
61.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
62.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the tailbone of a human
63.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
64.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
fitness
65.
Over time, adaptions can lead populations to experience
a)
environmental changes
b)
genetic changes
c)
geological changes
d)
extinction
66.
what did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?
a)
different species on different islands
b)
all species on one of the islands
c)
identical species on all the islands
d)
the same species as North America
67.
which of the folllowing is an exammple of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the wings of an ostrich
68.
protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest a
a)
coincidence
b)
lack of evolutionary relationship
c)
great number of mutations
d)
shared ancestry
69.
The gradual change in species over time is...
a)
Evolution
b)
Nucleotide
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection
70.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
71.
Structures that have the same function but different structures are...
a)
homologous structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
vestigial structures
d)
embryology
72.
If species A and B have very similar genes and proteins, what is probably TRUE?
a)
species A and B share a relatively recent common ancestor
b)
species A evolved independently of species B for a long period
c)
species A is younger than species B
d)
species A is older than species B
73.
Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence contain both homologous and vestigial structures?
a)
fossil record
b)
comparing embryology
c)
comparing biochemistry
d)
comparing anatomy
74.
According to this data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to:
a)
Species I
b)
Species II
c)
Species III
d)
Species IV
75.
How would you describe this evolution?
a)
Homologous structure
b)
Analogous structure
c)
Structural adaption
d)
Functional adaption
76.
Intermediate fossil forms are important evidence of evolution because they show
a)
how organisms change over time
b)
how animals behaved in their environments
c)
how the embryos of organisms develop
d)
molecular homologies
77.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
78.
In natural selection, the selective agent is the
a)
humans
b)
mutations
c)
breeders
d)
environment
79.
All rabbits living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)
a)
population
b)
species
c)
fossil
d)
individual organism
80.
a bird that can easily outcompete other birds for food and that can produce many eggs has a high
a)
life expectancy
b)
mutation rate
c)
fitness
d)
adaptability
81.
What is suggested by the anatomical similarity of different species of vertebrates?
a)
no evolutionary relationships between the groups
b)
recent common ancestry
c)
similar environments in the past
d)
evolution from a distant common ancestor
82.
a measure of how commonly a particular allele occurs in a population is known as the
a)
gene pool
b)
allele frequency
c)
mutation rate
d)
phenotype
83.
The five-factors for evolution are gene flow, genetic drift, mutation, natural selection and ....
a)
non-random mating
b)
controlled mating
c)
emigration
d)
immigration
84.
The combined alleles of all individuals in a population is called the population's
a)
phenothype
b)
gene pool
c)
mutation rate
d)
allele frequency
85.
Which layer is the oldest?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
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