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T2 Final Exam Practice

Total questions: 114

Worksheet time: 1hrs 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is ____.

a)

23

b)

46

c)

69

d)

92

2.

Which of the following is the best definition for MEIOSIS?

a)

the process of two haploid cells uniting

b)

the counting of chromosomes within a diploid cell

c)

a two-step process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half such that there is only one copy of all the chromosomes

d)

the equational division of a cell into two identical copies

3.

In Anaphase I, the _________ are separated by the pulling of the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell.

a)

homologous pairs of chromosomes

b)

sister chromatids

c)

centromeres

d)

centrosomes

4.

At the start of Meiosis II, which of the following is NOT true?

a)

There are two cells.

b)

The cells are haploid.

c)

The chromosomes are paired up as homologues.

d)

DNA is present as two sister chromatids joined at the centromere.

5.

Name this phase of Meiosis:

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Telophase I

d)

Anaphase II

6.

The phase of Meiosis in which homologous chromosomes are moved to opposite sides:

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Prophase I

c)

Telophase I

d)

Anaphase I

7.

Name this phase of Meiosis:

a)

Prophase II

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Metaphase II

d)

Anaphase II

8.

WHAT DOES MEIOSIS CREATE?

a)

CHROMOSOMES

b)

GAMETES

c)

DNA

d)

TRAITS

9.

MEIOSIS IS NEEDED BECAUSE...

a)

IT ACTUALLY ISN'T, BUT CAN BE HELPFUL IN SOME ORGANISMS

b)

TO REDUCE THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER BY HALF

c)

SO THAT EVERY CELL IS EXACTLY IDENTICAL

d)

TO MAKE SURE EVERY HUMAN CELL HAS 92 CHROMOSOMES

10.

THE END RESULT OF MEIOSIS IS...

a)

FOUR UNIDENTICAL GAMETES

b)

FOUR IDENTICAL GAMETES

c)

TWO IDENTICAL GAMETES

d)

TWO UNIDENTICAL GAMETES

11.

THE STRUCTURE THAT CONTAINS THE DNA IS CALLED (CHOOSE THE MOST SPECIFIC ANSWER)

a)

CHROMOSOME

b)

CELL BODY

c)

CELL

d)

NUCLEUS

12.

MALE GAMETE IS KNOWN AS

a)

EGG

b)

SPERM

13.

A FEMALE GAMETE IS KNOWN AS

a)

EGG

b)

SPERM

14.

HOW MANY CHROMOSOMES DO HUMAN GAMETES HAVE?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

47

d)

22

15.

WHEN THE SPERM FERTILIZES THE EGG WHAT IS FORMED

a)

ZYGOTE

b)

EMBRYO

c)

FETUS

d)

FERTILIZATION

16.

FERTILZATION IS ...

a)

THE FUSION OF A HAPLOID EGG AND SPERM

b)

THE FUSION OF A DIPLOID EGG AND SPERM

c)

THE FUSION OF A HAPLOID EGG AND DIPLOID SPERM

d)

THE FUSION OF TWO EGGS

17.

Name the stage: Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

18.

Name the stage: two nuclei are formed enclosed by nuclear membranes

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

19.

Name the stage: chromosomes condense and become visible

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

20.

Name the stage: Chromosomes pull away from each other and move to opposite sides of the cell

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

21.

Sea turtles have 56 chromosome in their somatic cells. How many chromosomes are in their gametes?

a)

28

b)

56

c)

112

d)

46

22.

What is another term for body cells?

a)

somatic cells

b)

gamete

c)

stem cell

d)

neural cell

23.

What kind of cells does meiosis produce?

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

24.

Reorder the following from largest to smallest. Be sure to spell them correctly and put commas in between!

chromosome, gene, cell, nucleus, DNA

(a)  

25.

Who came up with the name "cells" while looking at a slice of cork under a microscope?

a)

Matthias Schleiden

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Robert Hooke

d)

Rudolf Virchow

26.

In 1838, who was the German botanist that found that all plants were made of cells?

a)

Matthias Schleiden

b)

Theodor Schwann

c)

Rudolf Virchow

d)

Robert Hooke

27.

In 1839, who was the German physician that added to the cell theory by finding all animals were made of cells?

a)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Theodor Schwann

28.

What is NOT a part of cell theory:

a)

all cells come from existing cells

b)

all cells have a nucleus

c)

all living things are made of cells

d)

cells are basic unit of structure and function in living things

29.

The 3 parts of the Cell Theory are...?

a)

All living things are composed of cells

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things

All cells are produced from other cells

b)

All living things are composed of cells

Cells are the basic units of dance and vibes in living things

All cells are destroyed from other aliens

c)

All living things are composed of Jell-O

Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things

All cells are produced from factories in Canada

d)

All living things are composed of cells

Cells do karate and practice eating whole pies in their free time

All cells are produced from other cells

30.

Which type of biological macromolecule is the main component of the plasma membrane?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

31.

Define plasma membrane

a)

lipid that helps minimize effects of temperature

b)

only on the outer surface of the plasma membrane and are attached to proteins or lipids; form distinctive cellular markers

c)

flexible boundary of a cell that separates a cell from its surroundings

d)

may extend partway into the plasma membrane, cross the membrane entirely, or be loosely attached to its inside or outside face

32.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads 
d)
lipids
33.
Which statement best describes the cell membrane?
a)
The protective outer layer that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
Stores information on DNA molecules / Directs and controls the activities of the cell.
c)
A folded membrane that moves materials around inside cells / Also acts as the site of manufacturing materials needed by the cell.
d)
The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
34.
Something is ___________ ____________
when some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot. 
a)
Selectively (or Semi) Permeable 
b)
Totally Transparent
c)
Liquid Licorice 
d)
Heavily Patrolled 
35.

The control center of the cell.

a)

cytoplasm

b)

nucleus

c)

nucleoplasm

d)

chromatin

36.

What important material is contained in the nucleus?

a)

Jeans

b)

Digestive enzymes

c)

DNA

d)

Nuclear ladders

37.

Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

a)

Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

b)

Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.

c)

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

d)

Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.

38.
Proteins are produced at which cellular structures?
a)
nuclei
b)
ribosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
chloroplasts
39.
First type of cell to appear on Earth?
a)
Plant
b)
Animal
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Eukaryotic
40.
All cells have DNA.
a)
True
b)
False
41.
All living things are made of...
a)
fungi
b)
cells 
c)
bacteria 
d)
plants 
42.

What kind of cells are these?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

43.

Bacteria is what kind of cell?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

44.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
45.
What kind of cell is this?
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
46.
Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells 
a)
prokaryotic cells 
b)
eukaryotic cells 
47.
Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have a nucleus.
a)
True
b)
False
48.

This is where DNA is stored

a)

Nucleus

b)

Vacuole

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Cell wall

49.

This organelle turns food into energy

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell wall

d)

Nucleus

50.

This organelle turns radiant energy into sugar. This is where photosynthesis occurs.

a)

cell wall

b)

chloroplast

c)

cell membrane

d)

nucleus

51.

This organelle is LARGER in plant cells than animal cells. It stores food, water and waste.

a)

nucleus

b)

cell membrane

c)

cell wall

d)

vacuole

52.

The cell wall is found in which cell

a)

bacteria

b)

animal cell

c)

plant cell

d)

virus

53.

An animal cell has a cell wall

a)

true

b)

false

54.
What process occurs when WATER diffuses across a membrane?
a)
endocytosis
b)
mitosis
c)
osmosis
d)
nuclear fission 
55.
When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas less concentrated, this has taken place.
a)
diffusion
b)
mitosis
c)
endocytosis
d)
photosynthesis
56.
Why is diffusion and osmosis important to cells?
a)
It allows them to take in materials without using energy.
b)
It allows them to reproduce.
c)
It allows them to absorb sunlight.
d)
It allows cells to use all energy.
57.
What does selectively-permeable mean?
a)
The cell controls what passes in and out of the cell
b)
Nothing gets through
c)
The cell lets only large substances through
58.
Where is there a low concentration of dye?
a)
at the bottom of cup
b)
in the color
c)
at the top of cup 
d)
no concenteraion gradient
59.
What is diffusion?
a)
when molecules move 
b)
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low.
c)
no movement 
d)
molecules move everywhere
60.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
61.
Permeable means
a)
things can pass through
b)
the concentration levels are different
c)
it is permanent
d)
things are stuck
62.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
63.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
64.
A cell in an isotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
65.

Which of the following transport methods moves substances from a low to high concentration?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Passive Transport

66.

Which of the following is a process of materials only exiting the cell?

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Active Transport

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Passive Transport

67.

Which of the following is a process of materials only entering the cell?

a)

Active Transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Endocytosis

68.

Am autotroph can:

a)

Make its own food

b)

Make its own water

c)

Make its own oxygen

d)

Make its own carbon

69.

Where does photosynthesis occur?

a)

In the mitochondria

b)

In the chloroplast of animal cells

c)

In the chloroplast of plant cells

d)

In the mitochondria of plant cells

70.

What type of energy conversion occurs in photosynthesis?

a)

Light from the sun to chemical in glucose

b)

Chemical in glucose to chemical in ATP

71.

True or false: ATP is produced during photosynthesis

a)

True

b)

False

72.

Which of the following are products of photosynthesis?

a)

glucose and oxygen

b)

glucose and water

c)

carbon dioxide and water

d)

ATP and sunlight

73.

Which of the following is a reactant of photosynthesis?

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

ATP

d)

glucose

74.

Which of the following equations represents the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

a)

6O2+ 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2

b)

C6H12O6 + 6H2O→ 6O2+ 6O2

c)

6CO2+ 6H2O→ C6H12O6+ 6O2

d)

6O2 + 6H2O→ C6H12O6 + 6CO2

75.

Which organelle stores water for use in photosynthesis?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Vacuole

d)

Nucleus

76.

Select all that are products of Photosynthesis.

a)

Water

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sunlight (Light Energy)

e)

Glucose (Sugar/food)

77.

What three things do plants need?

a)

Water, air, and sunlight.

b)

Water, soil, and sunlight.

c)

Water, soil, and air.

d)

Love, family, and Cheetos.

78.
Which choice correctly shows the gases that enter and exit plants during photosynthesis?
a)
Enter: Oxygen
Exit: Carbon dioxide
b)
Enter: Water vapor
Exit: Glucose
c)
Enter: Carbon dioxide
Exit: Oxygen
d)
Enter: Light
Exit: Water vapor
79.
Why do plants conduct photosynthesis?
a)
To make light
b)
To make mitochondria
c)
To make glucose
d)
To release carbon dioxide
80.

How does most of the water needed by the plant get into its leaves?

a)

It enters through the stomata

b)

The roots absorb it and then it travels up the stem

c)

It's made during a chemical reaction in the leaf

d)

The flowers capture water and deliver it to the leaves

81.

Which organelle is responsible making food (Glucose) using sunlight?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Nucleus

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

82.
Chlorophyll is green because
a)
it absorbs green wavelengths of light
b)
it absorbs blue and yellow wavelengths of light
c)
it reflects green wavelengths of light
d)
it is an optical illusion caused by the transmission of light
83.

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

light + carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide + sugar + water --> oxygen + light

c)

oxygen + light + water --> carbon dioxide + sugar

d)

carbon dioxide + oxygen + water --> Light+ Sugar

84.
What is the purpose of cell respiration?
a)
produce glucose
b)
make oxygen
c)
remove carbon dioxide 
d)
produce usable energy - ATP
85.
What are the products of cellular respiration?
a)
Energy (ATP), Water, and Carbon DIoxide.
b)
Water and Oxygen
c)
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
d)
Water and Energy (ATP)
86.
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in your muscles after a workout because your cells are struggling to get...
a)
Glucose
b)
Sunlight
c)
Oxygen
d)
Water
87.
How is energy released from ATP?
a)
adding a phosphate
b)
making a new bond
c)
removing the 3rd phosphate
d)
adding a protein
88.
Where does the Krebs Cycle take place?
a)
mitochondria
b)
chloroplast
c)
cytoplasm
d)
nucleus
89.
What gas is needed for respiration?
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
nitrogen
c)
Oxygen
d)
hydrogen
90.
The first step in the break down of glucose is
a)
light reactions
b)
glycolysis
c)
Kreb's cycle
d)
Calvin Cycle
91.
What are the three stages that make up cellular respiration?
a)
light reactions, calvin cycle and electron transport
b)
glycolysis, kreb's cycle and Calvin cycle
c)
Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and electron transport
d)
Light Reactions, Calvin Cycle and Glycolysis
92.
Using the figure, which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
B and C
c)
C and D
d)
all of the above
93.
Which structures shown in the Figure make up the ADP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
A, B and C
c)
A, B, C, and D
d)
C and D
94.
After strenuous exercise, a muscle cell would contain decreased amounts of ______ and increased amounts of ______ ____
a)
glucose, ATP
b)
ATP, glucose
c)
oxygen, lactic acid
d)
lactic acid, ATP
95.
The division of the nucleus is known as:
a)
Synthesis
b)
Mitosis
c)
G1
d)
G2
96.
The cell spends most of it's life in ________________.
a)
mitosis
b)
cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
None of the above
97.
Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. 
a)
prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
b)
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
c)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d)
prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
98.
Put the following stages of the cell cycle in order: G2, S, G1, M. 
a)
G1, S, G2, M
b)
S, G1, G2, M
c)
G1, M, G2, S
d)
M, G1, S, G2
99.
In what organelle is the genetic material found inside?
 
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Golgi Complex
c)

Protein

d)
Nucleus
100.
Identify the Cell Cycle Stage.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
101.
Identify the Cell Cycle Stage.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
102.
Identify the Cell Cycle Stage.
a)
Interphase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
103.
In mitosis, the two resulting cells are
a)
different from the starting cell and identical to each other.
b)
different from the starting cell and different from each other.
c)
identical to the starting cell and different from each other.
d)
identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.
104.

Which of the following is/are results of the cell cycle ?

a)

growth

b)

repair of damaged cells

c)

replacement of dying cells.

d)

All of the above

105.

The three stages of the cell cycle are __________, mitosis, and

cytokinesis.

a)

interphase

b)

anaphase

c)

metaphase

d)

prophase

106.

____________ ensures that our bodies grow and repair

themselves.

a)

The cell growth

b)

The cell repair

c)

The cell recycle

d)

The cell cycle

107.

The process by which a cell nucleus divides is called:

a)

interphase

b)

mitosis

c)

cytokinesis

d)

cell cycle

108.

The final stage of the cell cycle is called:

a)

Interphase

b)

mitosis

c)

cytokinesis

d)

daughter cells

109.

A(n) ________________ is the most basic unit of life.

a)

Atom

b)

Cell

c)

Tissue

d)

Organ

110.

What imortant cellular process occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?

a)

The cell duplicated its DNA

b)

The cell lines it choromosomes up in the middle

c)

The cell pulls the chromosomes to either end for cell division

d)

The S phase is not a part of the cell cycle

111.

Which of the following statements about stem cells is true?

a)

They are larger than regular somatic cells that can be used to absorb broken cells

b)

They are undifferentiated cells located in the brain stem

c)

They are undifferentiated cells that can turn into different cell types

d)

They are cells that grow uncontrollably

112.

_________________ is a critical point where stop and go signals can regulate the cell cycle.

a)

Metastasis

b)

Checkpoint

c)

Apoptosis

d)

Cancer

113.

Cancer is defined as the

a)

uncontrolled division of mutated cells

b)

normal division of cells

c)

normal DNA replication

d)

abnormal ATP synthesis

114.

A benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that a benign tumor

a)

is cancerous

b)

spreads from the original site

c)

does not metastisize

d)

never causes health problems

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