WorksheetsQuestion Bank for Grade 12 Science
Total questions: 155
Worksheet time: 1hrs 18mins
The image shows a 100 m freestyle swimming race. What is the classification of motor skills for a competitor in this race?
Interactive
Discrete
Fine
Coactive
Which feature of Welford’s model of information processing is directly linked to short-term memory?
Sensation
Perception
Output
Feedback
The diagram shows a baseball player. What type of sensor is used by a hitter to gain information regarding the flight of a baseball?
Exteroceptors
Interoceptors
Chemoreceptors
Proprioceptors
Which is an example of reaction time at the start of a 100 m swimming race?
The time it takes to sense the sound of the starter pistol.
The time from the sounding of the starter pistol to the initiation of movement.
The time taken to hear the starter pistol and complete the movement off the block.
The time taken to hear the starter pistol and enter the water.
The diagram shows a gymnast performing a tuck somersault.
What type of transfer occurs when a gymnast learns that forming a tuck in a somersault will reduce the moment of inertia and allow them to spin faster?
Skill to skill
Practice to performance
Stage to stage
Principles to skills
The diagram shows a field hockey player. What is the correct classification of motor skills for dribbling in hockey?
Gross - Serial - Open
Fine - Serial - Closed
Gross - Discrete - Open
Fine - Discrete - Closed
Which phrase describes technique?
Learned movements that are specific to a certain task
The way in which a specific sports skill is performed
The general capacity of an individual to perform well
Characteristics that allow for effective learning
What is the relationship between ability, skill and technique?
Skill = ability + technique
Technique = ability + skill
Skill = ability x technique
Technique = ability - skill
What is response time?
The amount of time between the stimulus and the initiation of the movement
The amount of time between the stimulus and the completion of movement
Response time = movement time - reaction time
The amount of time from the initiation of a movement to the completion of a movement
The graphs represent how reaction time changes when additional possible outcomes are introduced into a situation. Which graph Represents Hick's Law?
A
B
C
D
Which type of transfer is best demonstrated when a baseball player learns to hit a ball both left handed and right handed?
Skill to skill
Stage to stage
Bilateral
Practice to performance
Which is an example of perceptual skill?
Knowledge of team tactics
Shooting in basketball
Assessing the putting green in golf
Receiving a serve in tennis
What does ability refer to?
The production of goal-orientated movements
The way in which a sports skill is performed
A learned skill that is specific to the task
The general trait or capacity of the individual
Why are yellow balls used in tennis?
To increase signal intensity
To limit background noise
To improve the efficiency of sense organs
To improve memory retrieval
What is the average capacity of short-term memory?
1 bit of information
2±7 bits of information
7±2 bits of information
Unlimited
What is Hick’s Law?
Increase in reaction time with increased number of choices
Decrease in reaction time with increased number of choices
Increase in movement time with increased number of choices
Decrease in movement time with increased number of choices
Which describes practice to performance transfer in tennis?
Hitting against a ball machine
Understanding the biomechanics of hitting
Training for strength to improve hitting
Hitting right-handed and left-handed
What is an example of an open skill?
A serve in tennis
A free throw in basketball
A javelin throw
A pass in soccer
What is an example of a perceptual motor ability?
Strength
Reaction Time
Flexibility
Endurance
Which is an example of information received through proprioceptors?
Recognition of a cool temperature
Recognition of wind resistance
Detection of blood glucose concentration
Detection of the location of one’s body in space
What is rehearsal in memory improvement?
Grouping information into larger sets
Storing information through repetition
Associating information with prior experiences
Remembering specific details
What is movement time?
Response time - reaction time
Response time + reaction time
Response time × reaction time
Response time ÷ reaction time
What is the role of selective attention?
To filter relevant information from noise
To hold all information for seconds
To store relevant information for years
To pass all information to the long-term memory
Which graph shows a negatively accelerated learning curve?
A
B
C
D
Which type of presentation involves the repetitive practice of a single part of a skill?
Whole
Whole-part-whole
Progressive part
Part
Which motor skill classifications apply when an athlete runs a 100 m race?
Gross, interactive, externally paced
Fine, individual, internally paced
Gross, coactive, externally paced
Fine, coactive, internally paced
What is measured by the drop test?
Reaction time
Response time
Movement time
Coordination
As a golfer hits the ball they feel a sharp pain in the right bicep; this is an example of which types of feedback?
Knowledge of result, negative, terminal
Knowledge of result, positive, concurrent
Knowledge of performance, negative, concurrent
Knowledge of performance, positive, terminal
A teacher introduced fencing to a group of judo athletes. Actions in judo are initiated by the foot whereas fencing actions are initiated by the hand. The judo athletes were slow to master the fencing skills.
What learning transfer took place?
Positive
Negative
Bilateral
Stage to Stage
A coach is teaching a large group of students in a potentially dangerous situation, for example shot put training.
What is the safest teaching style to use?
Command
Reciprocal
Problem-solving
Mental
What type of skill is used to decide and perform a pass in soccer?
Cognitive skill
Perceptual skill
Motor skill
Perceptual motor skill
Which classifies the release of an arrow in archery?
Fine-closed-continuous
Fine-individual-discrete
Gross-closed-discrete
Gross-individual-continuous
What is a characteristic of short-term sensory store?
It contains motor programmes
It can convert information into a knowledge structure
It has a high capacity for storing information
It is relatively permanent area for storing information
Which describes the associative stage of learning?
Performers' movements are regularly practiced and refined
Performers consistently complete actions with fluency
Performers' movements are erratic and lack fluency
Performers regularly focus on irrelevant stimuli for movements that require perception.
What type of transfer occurs from a 3 versus 3 training game to a 5 versus 5 competitive basketball game?
Skill to skill
Abilities to skill
Practice to perfomance
Stage to stage
What is skill?
A general trait or capacity of an individual
A procedure for completing a task
The way an action is learned
The consistent production of goal-oriented movements
What is an example of a serial skill?
Riding a bicycle
Playing tennis
Hitting a golf ball
Performing a gymnastics routine
What is coding in memory improvement?
Remembering short and specific details rather than long and vague information
Presenting information in a clear and logical format
Associating information with images
Storing information through repetition
Which describes knowledge of results feedback?
The coach describing the quality of a performance
The coach providing technique information after a performance
A basketball player seeing that the ball went into the basket
A basketball player analyzing their technique on replay
When is massed practice most suitable?
For performers with low motivation
For performers with high motication
For performers practicing open skills
For performers practicing closed skills
Where does salivary amylase break down food?
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
What is the typical pH range in the stomach?
1 - 4
4 - 5
5.5 - 7.5
6.0 - 8.0
Select the correct response for an enzyme
It is a lipid
They are non-specific (they target any molecules)
They work optimally under any pH environment
It is a catalyst that speeds up the breakdown of molecules
In regards to enzymes, select the incorrect statement
Enzymes aid in the breakdown of large food molecules into smaller more soluble substances that can be absorbed into the blood
Slow down the rate of reaction
Different enzymes with different functions are produced in particular areas of the digestive tract
Most enzymes only catalyse one reaction
The enzyme responsible for breaking down protein in the stomach is
Salivary amylase
Pancreatic amylase
Pancreatic lipase
Bile
Pepsin
Select the incorrect statement for the absorption from the intestinal lumen to the capillary network
Proteins enter the lymphatic system
Carbohydrates are absorbed as monosaccharides
All substrates (CHO, fatty acids & protein) cross the brush border membrane and passes through the cytosol of the absorptive cell
Lipids cross the basolateral membrane
In regards to water, which of the following statements is incorrect?
Water is essential for all metabolic processes in the body
Water helps to regulate body temperature
Water helps to lubricate joints
Excess water helps to increase the concentration of sodium in the blood
Which of the following is incorrect in terms of where extracellular fluid is found
Blood plasma
Lymph
In cells
Fluid secreted by glands
The water distribution of trained athletes is lower than untrained individuals
True
False
Which is correct for a simple negative feedback model?
Sensor - controller - effector - feedback (then repeat)
Sensor -feedback - controller - effector (then repeat)
Sensor - controller - feedback - effector (then repeat)
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about ADH & Aldosterone?
The permeability of the distal tubule and collecting duct is controlled by ADH
ADH causes the urine to become more concentrated
Aldolsterone is produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands which are located above the kidney
Aldolsterone acts on the distal tubule and collecting duct to decrease Na+ ion reabsorption
Which is not a method to monitor hydration status of athletes?
Urine colour (urinalysis)
Urine osmolarity (concentration of dissolved substances)
Variation in body mass
Using a biometer
Urine volume
Select the incorrect response in terms of why endurance athletes require greater water intake
Due to greater energy demands
Due to lower breathing rate
The need to regulate body temperature
Decrease in plasma volume
What is NOT a risk of low electrolyte balance during chronic exercise
It may improve cognition
It may contribute to fatigue
There may be a decline in performance
The athlete may be at risk of hypoatremia
Is this a correct definition of basal metabolic rate? The rate at which energy is used by basic bodily function
Yes
No
Which components make up daily energy expenditure?
All answers
Basal metabolic rate
Thermic effect of physical activity
Thermic effect of feeding
Which of the following is incorrect in regards to the relationship of energy intake and expenditure
Weight loss results from intake below the daily energy requirements
Weight loss results from a decrease in daily caloric intake and increase in energy expenditure
Weight gain results in a decrease of caloric intake
Weight gain results from maintaining a normal intake and decreasing energy expenditure
In regards to body composition, what do athletes want?
Increase fat mass to increase power to weight ratio
Increase fat mass to decrease power to weight ratio
Increase fat free mass to increase power to weight ratio
Increase fat free mass to decrease power to weight ratio
Which of the following are ways athletes manipulate their body composition?
Fad diets
Crash diets
Macronutrient exclusion or reduction
All answers
Which of the following contains low levels of glycogen
Fast twitch Ia
Fast twitch IIb
Slow twitch I
Slow twitch II
Which of the following events doesn't utilise high rates of muscle glycogen?
1km swim
400m sprint
2 min max ergo
Soccer defensive phase
In regards to muscle fibres, which of the following statements is incorrect?
Type I fibres are more frequently used during endurance events
Type IIa are the first to be recruited during light exercise
Type IIb fibres are employed during exercise that require levels of intensity approaching maximal levels
As the intensity of exercise increases beyond moderate levels (and type I fibres become progressively glycogen depleted)
Is this a correct definition of glycemic index, it is a ranking system for carbohydrates based on their immediate effect on blood glucose concentrations when compared with a reference food such as pure glucose
Yes
No
Which is not a high GI food
Baked potatoes
Water melon
White bread
Green leafy vegetables
Which of the following is an incorrect statement about GI foods?
For general health consume low to med GI foods
Pre exercise consume low GI foods
Post exercise consume high GI foods for 15mins to 2 hrs
Post exercise 2hrs plus consume high GI foods for 24 hrs
Which of the following statement regarding carbohydrate loading is incorrect?
Traditionally the carbo load was 3-4 days of low carbs then 3-4 days of high carb
The taper method uses a reduction in intensity while carbo loading for 3 to 4 days
Athletes should consume 20 g/kg-1 body weight during the carbo loading phase
The goal of carbo loading is to stimulate glycogen synthase
Which of the following statements is incorrect in regards to sodium?
It is not an important electrolyte in extracellular fluid
Important for transmembrane electrical and chemical gradients
Plasma volume better maintained with sodium
Stimulates glucose absorption via the active co-transport of glucose and sodium which creates an osmotic gradient that promotes net water absorption
Which of the following are nutritional ergogenic aids
All answers
Caffeine
Creatine
Bicarbonate
Sports drinks/gels and bars
The recommended daily protein intake for non-athletes is
0.2 g/kg-1 body weight
0.8 g/kg-1 body weight
1.6 g/kg-1 body weight
> 2 g/kg-1 body weight
Are all these foods vegetarian options for protein? Peanuts, beans, lentils, almonds, rice, wheat, tofu, whole grains, seeds
Yes
No
Which of the following is an incorrect statement for recommended protein intake?
Untrained - 0.8 g/kg-1 body weight
Strength Athlete - 4.4 to 4.8 g/kg-1 body weight
Endurance Athlete - 1.2 - 1.4 g/kg-1 body weight
Female Athlete - approx 15% less protein than male counterpart
Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the harmful effects of protein intake?
Increase stress on the kidneys
Decrease risk of cancers
Increase water loss
Increase body weight
What is approximate recommended amount of carbohydrate per Kg of body weight when carbo loading with the taper method 3-4 days prior to a long endurance event?
1g
10g
100g
1000g
What is vital capacity
Inspiratory reserve volume plus total lung capacity
Total lung capacity minus residual volume
Tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume
Residual volume minus expiratory reserve volume
What are the principal structures of the ventilatory systems
Mouth, trachea, ribs, intercostal muscles
Nose, pharynx, aorta, diaphragm
Nose, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli
Mouth, larynx, diaphragm, lungs
What are the functions of the nose during inspiration (can select more than one)
To moisten the air
To diffuse oxygen from the air
To filter the air
To stop us breathing through our mouth
What is the of tidal volume?
volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation
volume of air breathed in and out in a normal breath
additional inspired air over and above the tidal volume
volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
What is residual volume
volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation
volume of air breathed in and out in a normal breath
additional inspired air over and above the tidal volume
volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
Which is a principal structure of the ventilatory system
pulmonary artery
trachea
pulmonary valve
capillary
What is inspiratory reserve volume
volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation
volume of air breathed in and out in a normal breath
additional inspired air over and above the tidal volume
volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximal exhalation
What is pulmonary ventilation
Exchange of respiratory gases between the lungs and blood
Diffusion of oxygen in the alveoli
Volume of air breathed in and out in one breath
Inflow and outflow of air between the atmosphere and the lungs
Which structure is responsible for moistening the air entering the ventilatory system
Bronchi
Larynx
Pharynx
Nose
What is the action of the diaphragm (D) and the external intercostal muscles (EIM) during exhalation?
D & EIM - relaxes
D & EIM - contract
D - relaxes EIM - contracts
D - contracts EIM - relaxes
Which feedback mechanisms are associated with the chemical control of ventilation during exercise?
Lung stretch receptors
Muscle proprioreceptors
Increases in blood acidity levels
Increases in temperature
Which are involved in neural control of ventilation?
Sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes
Lung stretch receptors and chemoreceptors
Adrenaline and breathing rate
Diaphragm and accessory muscles
Which gases are exchanged at the alveoli
oxygen and nitrogen
oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen
Oxygen only
oxygen and carbon dioxide
What percentage of oxygen in the blood is transported by hemoglobin as oxyhemoglobin within red blood cells?
68%
95%
98.5%
99.5%
Which best identifies the relationship between volume and pressure inside the lungs when exhaling
(breathing out)?
Volume increases, Pressure increases
Volume increases, Pressure decreases
Volume decreases, Pressure decreases
Volume decreases, Pressure increases
Which component of blood is greatest by volume?
Electrolytes
Plasma
Erythrocytes
Leucocytes
How does an increased erythrocyte level benefit an athlete?
By increasing the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
By decreasing the capacity of the blood to clot in case of an injury
By increasing the ability of the body to fight infection
By decreasing viscosity of the blood
What is the function of the platelets
clotting blood
deliver oxygen
produce antibodies
carry carbon dioxide
What is label 1
aorta
vena cava
pulmonary artery
pulmonary vein
What is label 10
right ventricle
right atrium
left atrium
septum
What is label 5
tricuspid valve
bicuspid valve
aortic valve
pulmonary valve
Which heart valve separates the right ventricle from the right atrium
aortic
tricuspid
bicuspid
pulmonary
Which is the main aspect responsible for regulation of heart rate?
SA Node
Autonomic nervous system
Adrenaline
veins
Where in the heart is the electrical impulse generated for contraction?
AV node
Left atrium
SA node
Right ventricle
Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of excitation of heart muscle?
AV node → bundle of His → SA node
SA node → AV node → bundle of His
bundle of His → SA node → AV node
AV node → SA node → bundle of His
Which of the following is the correct order for carbon dioxide moving from the pulmonary artery to the atmosphere?
trachea → larynx → nose
alveoli → trachea → bronchi
bronchi → trachea → bronchioles
nose → trachea → bronchi
Which of the following best explains the cardiovascular drift?
During prolonged exercise there is a lower venous return to the heart and a small decrease in blood volume due to sweating. Therefore the heart rate increases to maintain cardiac output
During prolonged exercise there is a higher venous return to the heart and a increase in blood volume. Therefore the heart rate increases to maintain cardiac output
During prolonged exercise there is a lower venous return to the heart and a decrease in blood volume due to sweating. Therefore the heart rate decreases to maintain cardiac output
What is cardiac output
Stroke volume x heart rate
the amount of blood that is pumped out of the heart each beat
stroke volume x tidal volume
the amount of blood that the heart can hold
An athlete’s resting heart rate is 60 bpm and stroke volume is 70 ml. What is the cardiac output of the athlete?
1300 ml min–1
4200 ml min–1
130 ml min–1
420 ml min–1
Which are the units when measuring an athlete’s blood pressure?
ml kg–1 min–1
L min–1
ml min–1
mmHg
Where does blood exert the force measured as systolic blood pressure?
On the arterial walls during ventricular relaxation
On the venous walls during ventricular contraction
On the arterial walls during ventricular contraction
On the venous walls during ventricular relaxation
What is transported in the pulmonary artery?
Oxygenated blood to working muscles
Deoxygenated blood to working muscles
Deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Oxygenated blood to the lungs
What does diastolic blood pressure measure?
The force exerted by blood on arterial walls during ventricular contraction
The force exerted by blood on venous walls during ventricular relaxation
The force exerted by blood on arterial walls during ventricular relaxation
The force exerted by blood on venous walls during ventricular contraction
How does the heart meet the demand for oxygenated blood during physical activity?
Increasing cardiac output, decreasing stroke volume, increasing heart rate
Decreasing cardiac output, decreasing stroke volume, decreasing heart rate
Increasing cardiac output, increasing stroke volume, increasing heart rate
Decreasing cardiac output, increasing stroke volume, increasing heart rate
What happens to someones blood pressure during dynamic exercise
Systolic blood pressure increases and diastolic blood pressure remains constant
Systolic blood pressure decreases and diastolic blood pressure increases
both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increase proportionally with exercise intensity
blood pressure remains unchanged
Which demonstrates how blood is redistributed to the working muscles during exercise? (select 2)
blood is redirected towards the muscles
blood is redirected away from the skin
blood is redirected towards the intestines
blood is redirected away from the kidneys
blood is redirected away from the brain
What is an adaptation of endurance exercise training?
increased HR
decrease in SV
Decrease in arterio-venous oxygen difference
increase in capillarisation around skeletal muscles
Which of the following is correct for an athlete who is exercising at a steady pace on flat terrain for a prolonged period of time?
Stroke volume gradually decreases and submaximal heart rate gradually increases
Cardiac output gradually decreases as they get used to the exercise load
Stroke volume and submaximal heart rate gradually decrease
Stroke volume and submaximal heart rate gradually increase
Which defines maximal oxygen consumption?
Maximum volume of oxygen inhaled and used per minute
Maximum volume of air exhaled after a maximum inhalation
Maximum volume of oxygenated blood ejected per minute
Maximum volume of oxygen breathed in or out per breath
Which statement is false for the average population
Trained athletes usually have a higher VO2max than untrained individuals
Elderly usually have a lower VO2max than young adults
Women usually have a higher VO2max than men
People with more muscle have a higher VO2max
What happens to blood pressure during submaximal excercise?
Systolic increases, Diastolic has no change
Systolic increases, Diastolic increases
Systolic has no change, Diastolic increases
Systolic increases, Diastolic decreases
When we think about differences in athletes, who would a have a lower resting heart rate?
A long distance runner
A football player
A fútbol player
Your mom
Name this muscle.
deltoids
latissimus dorsi
gluteus maximus
gastrocnemius
The point where two bones come together is known as a
Ligament
Joint
Tendon
Bursa
Connective tissue responsible for connecting bone to bone:
Cartilage
Tendon
Ligament
Adipose
Connective tissue that functions in securing muscle to bone
Hyaline Cartilage
Adipose
Ligament
Tendon
Joint type with no movement, examples are sutures found in the skull.
Fibrous
Cartilagenous
Synovial
Joint type most important for mobility, also the most commonly occurring joint type.
Fibrous
Cartilagenous
Synovial
Joint type with limited movement, includes joints found in the vertebral column.
Fibrous
Cartilagenous
Synovial
Articular cartilage is show at number
1
2
3
4
Small fluid filled sacs found where two structures rub against each other (seen on the diagram) and found in high stress areas are known as:
Capsules
Bursae
Menisci
Synovial Membranes
Which are components of the axial skeleton?
Ribs, Clavicle, Ilium
Skull, Vertebrae, Sternum
Ribs, Clavicle, Sternum
Skull, Vertebrae, Ilium
Which bones form part of the appendicular skeleton?
Femur, radius, ribs, patella
Coccyx, humerus, ulna, tibia
Pelvic girdle, clavicle, fibula, carpals
Sternum, phalanges, femur, tarsals
Which are the four types of bones?
Short, periosteum, long, regular
Long, short, irregular, flat
Compact, irregular, flat, long
Flat, short, compact, regular
Which bones are found within the axial skeleton?
clavicle, ilium, skull
ilium, skull, sternum
vertebrate, ribs, ilium
sternum, vertebrate, ribs
Joint type with limited movement, includes joints found in the vertebral column.
Fibrous
Cartilagenous
Synovial
Select all that apply. In comparison to the metatarsals the humerus...
inferior
proximal
distal
medial
Select all that apply. In comparison to the sternum the scapula...
anterior
posterior
lateral
medial
Connective tissue responsible for connecting bone to muscle:
Cartilage
Tendon
Ligament
Adipose
Connective tissue responsible for cushioning the ends of bones in a joint:
Cartilage
Tendon
Ligament
Adipose
Which one of these options does NOT list different types of synovial joints?
Hinge, Ball & Socket, Condyloid
Pivot, Rotating, Gliding
Pivot, Saddle, Hinge
Gliding, Hinge, Pivot
The ability of muscle to shorten is known as....
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
Hypertrophy
The ability of muscle to return to normal size is known as....
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity
Hypertrophy
The wasting of muscle tissue due to injury or disuse is known as...
Atrophy
Hypertrophy
Hypotrophy
Anatrophy
The tissue which is uninucleated and branched.
Skeletal tissue
Cardiac Tissue
Smooth muscle
Striated muscle
Identify the tissue.
Striated tissue
Cardiac tissue
Smooth tissue
Skeletal tissue
Which letter represents the ulna and cartilage respectively?
E and C
F and D
F and C
E and D
Thick filament and thin filament in muscle respectively is called ...
Actin and Myosin
Myosin and Actin
Myofibril and myofilament
Myofilament and myofibril
The entire muscle is encased by connective tissue called the
sacromere
sarcoplasm
myosin
epimysium
The connective tissue coverings of a skeletal muscle, listed from superficial to deep, are:
endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium
endomysium, epimysium, and perimysium
epimysium, endomysium, and perimysium
epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium
Number 4 is pointing to a...
Muscle
Fascile
Muscle Fiber
Myofibril
All muscles have at least two attachment points on the skeletal system. Which of the following is true regarding these attachments?
The origin is the non-moveable attachment point.
The insertion is the non-moveable attachment point.
The origin is typically the inferior attachment point.
The insertion is typically the medial attachment point.
