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WorksheetsBiology STAAR Mock Exam
Total questions: 145
Worksheet time: 48mins
An organelle involved in breaking down lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, damage organelles, and bacteria are ___
Golgi Appaparatus
Vesicles
Vacule
Lysosomes
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts ____
contain their own unique ribosomes that are different than the cells
contain their own unique DNA that are different than the cells
are specialized organelles that capture and release energy
are found in both in plants and animals
Encloses the cell, it acts like a gatekeeper, allowing some materials to pass through it but not others.
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane for support and protection of the cell.
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Organelles where photosynthesis occurs, are green due to chlorophyll pigment found in them.
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
A gel like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell. The organelles are found scattered throughout it.
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Organelles that package cellular materials and transports them within the cell or out of the cell.
Golgi Body
Endoplasmic reticulum
Large central vacuole
Lysosomes
A fluid like vesicle that stores water and provides support for the cell.
Golgi Body
Endoplasmic reticulum
Large central vacuole
Lysosomes
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP ( energy production ) and cellular respiration in plants and animals.
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Is the structure located in a plant and animal cell that is home to DNA, where new cells are made and directs cell activity
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Where proteins are made in the cells.
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Function of the cell membrane to block the movement of certain sizes, shapes and kinds of particles from entering the cell.
permeable
impermeable
semi-permeable
Plant cells and animal cells
are both prokaryotic
are both eukaryotic
do not have a nucleus
do not have DNA
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
does not have ribosomes on the membrane and makes lipids for the cell.
has ribosomes on the membrane and makes proteins for the cell.
has ribosomes on the membrane and makes lipids for the cell.
does not have ribosomes on the membrane and make glucose for the cell.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
does not have ribosomes on the membrane and transports proteins for the cell.
does not have ribosomes and makes energy for the cell.
does not have ribosomes and makes proteins for the cell.
has ribosomes on the membrane and transports proteins for the cell.
Check the three major differences between a plant cell and an animal cell.
cell wall
mitochondria
large central vacuole
chloroplasts
Why do cells divide in humans?
Growth and repair
Making offspring
Movement
Creating Energy
What do cells spend most of their time doing?
Splitting cytoplasm (cytokinesis)
Growing (interphase)
Copying their nucleus (mitosis)
Cancer cells ...
differentiate.
cause cancer.
grow larger than other cells.
divide more than other cells.
How does your skin heal itself?
Cancer
Apoptosis
Stem cells
Mitosis
What causes mutations that can lead to cancer?
exercise
UV light
radiation
water
genetics
One of the characteristics of life is that all living things have a limited lifespan. If fact, most cells can only divide about 50 times before they die. This pre-programmed cell death is called ....
meiosis.
apoptosis.
mutation.
mitosis.
What is the main purpose of the cell cycle?
During a cell’s lifetime, it spends most of the time growing and copying DNA and organelles. When it is time, the cell divides its DNA and organelles to create two new cells with identical DNA, helping an organism grow and to make repairs.
The cell cycle is a process by which cells grow and replicate organelles and DNA in order to stay alive and maintain homeostasis. The process ensures that organisms have appropriate temperature and water level regulation.
The process of the cell cycle is essential to keep a multicellular organism alive. It allows organisms to multiply their cells in a manner that different DNA is added to the differentiated cells like blood cells and bone cells. Then, all cells can carry out their function appropriately.
The process of the cell cycle ensures that all cells in the body have an identical number of organelles and are able to divide rapidly to keep the organism functioning. It leads to differentiated cells like nerve cells and bone cells that work together to keep a multicellular organism functioning.
Label the phases if the cell cycle.
G1
Gap or growth phase; cell doubles in size
G2
Cell prepares for division; doubles number of organelles
S
DNA is replicated
Mitosis
Process in which the nucleus is divided
Cytokinesis
Process of division of the cytoplasm
Which phase do the chromosome pull apart?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Which phase does the DNA condense?
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
What occurs in Cytokinesis?
DNA replicates
The cell grows
The cell divides
The nucleus divides
What does the cell cycle allow an organism to do?
Grow, Develop, and Repair
Grow, Mutate, and Evolve
Evolve. Develop, and Grow
Develop, Repair and Evolve
Which Phase does the cell spend 90% of its life in?
M Phase
Interphase
Cytokinesis
Telophase
In which phase of the cell cycle does the DNA copy itself?
G0
G1
S
G2
M
What occurs in mitosis?
The cell is growing
The cell is divided
Nucleus is divided
Place to following steps of Mitosis in order.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Genetic material condenses
Prophase
Chromosomes line up in middle of cell
Metaphase
Sister chromatid moves apart
Anaphase
The cell starts to split into two
Telophase
Cell growth, and DNA replicates
Interphase
What stage of the Cell Cycle is shown in the image
Interphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Telophase
What phase of the Cell Cycle is the arrow pointing to
Metaphase
Anaphase
Interphase
Prophase
Diploid number of chromosomes in humans is
23
46
92
12
If a camel's daughter cells have 70 chromosomes after mitosis, how many chromosomes did the parent cell have?
23
46
35
70
140
The branch of biology that focuses on heredity is called _______.
genetics
traits
translation
protein synthesis
The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called _____.
heredity
genetics
DNA Replication
photosynthesis
Which organism did Gregor Mendel use to perform his genetic experiments on?
guinea pigs
babies
pea plants
horses
When Mendel crossed a purebred purple-flowered pea plant with a purebred white-flowered pea plant, he noticed that all the pea plants of the first generation had only ______ flowers.
light blue
purple
purple and white striped
white
Mendel determined that we have ____ copies of each gene (one from each parent).
1
2
23
46
The alternative versions of genes are called _______.
genies
alleles
traits
alt-genes
When 2 different alleles are found together, the one that is fully expressed (shows up) in the individual, is ________.
dominant
recessive
hybrid
stronger
When 2 different alleles are found together, the allele that has no effect (is hidden) is called ______.
dominant
recessive
non-existant
ghost-trait
In a Punnet Square, which letter is used to represent the dominant allele?
Capital letter
Lower-case letter
In a Punnet Square, which letter is used to represent the recessive allele?
Capital letter
Lower-case letter
If the 2 alleles of a trait are the same, the individual is ______.
Homozygous
Heterozygous
If the 2 alleles of a trait are different, the individual is ______.
Homozygous
Heterozygous
The physical appearance determined by a particular set of alleles is called the ______.
Genotype
Phenotype
Homozygous
Heterozygous
In pea plants, tall is dominant over short. If a pea plant's genotype is Tt, what is it's phenotype?
tall
short
medium
tiny
In pea plants purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. If a pea plant's genotype is PP, what is its phenotype?
Purple flowers
White flowers
Striped flowers
Clear flowers
Complete this Punnet Square : Tt x tt (T=tall; t=short). What is the percentage of tall plant offspring?
0%
25%
50%
100%
Complete this Punnet Square: RR x Rr (R=round seeds; r=wrinkled seeds). What is the percentage of wrinkled seed plant offspring?
0%
25%
50%
75%
Complete this Punnet Square: BB x bb (B=brown eyes; b=blue eyes). What is the percentage of blue-eyed offspring?
0%
25%
50%
100%
Which is not part of the cell theory?
The cell is the basic unit of structure and function
All living things are composed of cells
all cells come from preexisting cells
Cells spontaneously appeared
To change over time is _____________.
Evolution
spontaneous generation
aerobic
anaerobic
Who was known as the Father of Microbiology and Immunology?
Francessco Redi
Louis Pastuer
Charles Darwin
Aristotle
When something exists with oxygen, is called?
aerobic
anaerobic
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
Who is known as "The Father of Evolution" and believed in the process of natural selection?
James Mendel
Aristotle
Louis Pasteur
Charles Darwin
When something exists without oxygen, it's called?
prokaryotic
anaerobic
aerobic
eukaryotic
Theory that explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells is called?
Organic Evolution
Cell Theory
Endosymbiotic Theory
Chemical Evolution
Organism that does not make its own food and gets its food from an outside source, is called?
autotrophic
eukaryotic
heterotrophic
prokaryotic
Organisms that make their own food are called?
heterotrophic
autotrophic
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
What did Charles Darwin study on the Galapagos Islands?
Deer and rabbits
snails and ants
tortoises and birds
horses and chickens
Refer to the picture. This is representing
Directional selection
Disruptive selection
Stabilizing selection
Artificial selection
Refer to the picture. This is representing
Directional selection
Disruptive selection
Stabilizing selection
Artificial selection
Refer to the picture. This is representing
Directional selection
Disruptive selection
Stabilizing selection
Artificial selection
This is the combinations of all of the genes present in a given population.
genome
allele frequency
microevolution
gene pool
Which of the following is NOT part of the founder effect
Some members of the group migrate
The new population can have a different allele frequency
Both the original population and new population survive
Can be caused by a natural disaster
Having a small gene pool can lead to extinction
True
False
Which of the following IS NOT part of the Bottleneck Effect?
The new population can have a new allele frequency
The new population size decreases
Can be caused by a natural disaster
The populations are geographically separated
The random change to allele freqencies of a population is known as genetic drift.
True
False
Which of the following would PREVENT evolution from occurring?
Large population
Mutatons
Non-random mating
Immigration of new individuals
allele frequency
the number of a certain allele present in a population
the act of leaving one's own territory to settle permanently in another
the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis
the action of coming to live permanently in a new territory
gene pool
the collective alleles of all members of a population
the exchange of alleles between populations by immigration and emigration
changes of allele frequencies in a gene pool due to random/chance events
cell division which forms gametes
gene flow
the collective alleles of all members of a population
the exchange of alleles between populations by immigration and emigration
changes of allele frequencies in a gene pool due to random/chance events
cell division which forms gametes
mutation
random and irreversible changes in the DNA of an organism
the individuals in a population that are best suited to the environment and will leave more offspring than those which are not
mating which is the result of certain individuals selecting a mate based on phenotype
the differences in the genetic makeup of organisms within a gene pool
natural selection
random and irreversible changes in the DNA of an organism
the individuals in a population that are best suited to the environment and will leave more offspring than those which are not
mating which is the result of certain individuals selecting a mate based on phenotype
the differences in the genetic makeup of organisms within a gene pool
Which is not the assumption of Hardy-Weinberg law
Large population
No mutation
No random mating
No migration
Look at the cladogram.
Which of the following characteristics is shared by the following animals: tiger, gorilla, and human?
Hair
No Tail
Dry Skin
Jaws
The table shows the taxonomic classification of two marine organisms living along the Pacific Coast.
The two organisms differ only based on their ___________ and __________ using the Linnaean System.
(a)
The study of naming and classifying organisms
(a)
The father of taxonomy.
Charles Darwin
Gregor Mendel
Carl Linnaeus
Watson and Crick
The system of giving a species a unique name that has two parts (usually in Latin or Greek)
(a)
The process of grouping things based on their similarities.
Classification
Binomial nomenclature
Taxonomy
Cladogram
A tool that provides the reader with two choices that describes the characteristics about items or living things.
Histogram
Cladogram
Dichotomous Key
Textbook
Most inclusive taxon (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya)
KIngdom
Domain
Eukaryote
Dichotomous key
(a) is the second highest taxon including Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.
Kingdom of unicellular organisms that are prokaryotic like bacteria, but lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Kingdom Archaea
Kingdom Bacteria
Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Protista
Mainly single celled eukaryotic cells that are plant-like, fungus-like, or animal-like (Example: algae, and amoeba)
Kingdom Bacteria
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Protista
Stores easily accessible (quick) energy
Order the biological levels from the most complex to the simplest.
biomes
ecosystem
community
species
Order the biological levels from the simplest to the most complex.
body systems
organs
tissues
cells
organism
Which of the following help convert nitrogen into usable forms? Check all that apply.
blue-green algae/cyanobacteria
burning fossil fuels
Which biomolecules contain nitrogen in their chemical structure?
Protein
Phosphorus is needed to make the biomolecule called (a) the building blocks of life and (b) that make up our cells.
Justin has learned that the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves work together. What do they combine to form?
a cell
organ
tissue
organ system
Which sequence BEST describes the levels of organization from most complex to the simplest?
Organism, Organ, Tissue, Cell
Organism, Cell, Organ System, Organ
Cell, Organ, Tissue, Organ System
Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System
Which of the following examples is correctly matched with its level of organization?
A monarch butterfly is an organ system.
The brain is a type of tissue
A liver is a type of cell.
The skin is an organ.
There are many criteria that are used to define living things. Living things reproduce, grow, and develop. They respond to stimuli, use materials and energy, and evolve and adapt over time to their environment. What is another criteria used to define living things?
All living things are complex.
All living things are able to move.
All living things are made of cells.
All living things are intelligent.
Atom → molecule → organelle → cell→ tissue → organ
→ system → organism→ population → community→ ecosystem → biosphere.
Taxonomic System
Classification system
Levels of Organization
Periodic Table
The basic unit of structure and function for the body.
cell
organelle
atom
molecule
. A science class is planning a field trip to a local farm that has a large pond. Which of the following lists the order of biological organization from smallest to largest that the students can expect to find at the pond?
Organism, community, population, ecosystem
Organism, population, community, ecosystem
Population, organism, community, ecosystem
Population, organism, ecosystem, community
The human body is composed of organ systems. Which list represents a systems from the least to most complex?
Heart --> cardiac muscle --> muscle tissue --> muscle cell
Muscle cell --> muscle tissue --> biceps muscle --> muscular system
Lung tissue --> trachea --> nostrils --> circulatory system
Integumentary system --> skin cell --> hair --> sweat glands
Primary succession
pioneer species
abiotic factor
secondary sucession
climax community
___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.
foundational organisms
introductory organisms
primary organisms
pioneer species
What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?
Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil
Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage
Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community.
Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil
After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Which of the following states the most likely order of succession that would be seen?
Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees
Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses
Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees
Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees
An ecological symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is harmed…
parasitism
herbivore
mutualism
carnivore
commensalism
This is the job or role of a specific organism within its habitat...
producer
prey
carnivore
niche
photosynthesis
What you would call an ecological symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits, but the other is not helped or harmed?
mutualsim
predator
commensalism
parasitism
herbivory
The name of the process that producers use to make their own food…
respiration
commensalism
food chains
photosynthesis
symbiosis
The pearlfish receives protection from predators by living inside a sea cucumber. The sea cucumber is not affected during this interaction. This ecological relationship is known as -
predator-prey because the pearlfish is prey to the sea cucumber
mutualism because only the pearlfish benefits in this ecological relationship
parasitism because the pearlfish causes harm to the host sea cucumber
commensalism because only the pearlfish benefits while the sea cucumber is not affected
competition because the sea cucumber and pearlfish often fight for living space
The food webs model relationships among the organisms in two ecosystems.
Which ecosystem would be more likely to survive if a disease killed the grasses?
The forest ecosystem, because most of the animals can eat other organisms.
The grassland ecosystem, because several predators compete for food.
The forest ecosystem, because it has three top predators.
The grassland ecosystem, because it has many herbivores.
Which statement describes an interaction that helps maintain the dynamic equilibrium of this ecosystem?
return of chemical substances to the environment
This type of organism eats dead stuff (animals and plants).
*THEY DO NOT GIVE BACK TO THE SOIL.*
Decomposer
Detritivore
The living and non-living factors of a community.
endovironment
exovironment
exosystem
ecosystem
When an animal is killed for the benefit of another. (+, death)
mutualism
commensalism
parasitism
predation
The percentage of energy carried up each trophic level.
90%
10%
The 'top dogs' of some food webs/chains. The organism that eats the secondary consumer.
quarternary
secondary
primary
tertiary consumer
The diagram used to show energy flow in an ecosystem.
energy square
energy circle
energy pyramid
energy rectangle
