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Biology Final REview

Total questions: 86

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the reactants in cell respiration?

a)

water, carbon dioxide, light

b)

oxygen, sugar

c)

sugar, water, carbon dioxide

2.

What is the energy that is produced in cell respiration?

a)

ADP

b)

Sugar

c)

ATP

3.

Where does Kreb's Cycle occur?

a)

mitochondria inner membrane

b)

mitochondria matrix

c)

cytoplasm

4.

Which process will always occur no matter what?

a)

E.T.C.

b)

Kreb's Cycle

c)

Glycolysis

5.

Your body needs energy, there is enough oxygen present so after glycolysis it goes to...

a)

lactic acid fermentation

b)

Kreb's Cycle

c)

E.T.C.

6.

E.T.C. occurs where?

a)

mitochondria matrix

b)

mitochondria inner membrane

c)

cytoplasm

7.

Aerobic means

a)

without oxygen

b)

with oxygen

c)

without effort

8.

Anaerobic means

a)

with oxygen

b)

without oxygen

c)

to run for a long time

9.

Billy is sprinting the 40 yard dash, what pathway would he take?

a)

aerobic

b)

anaerobic

10.

Billy then heads to the pool for a long 200 meter swim for a cool down. What pathway did he take then?

a)

aerobic

b)

anaerobic

11.

How many ATP are produced in Kreb's Cycle?

a)

32

b)

2

c)

34

12.

If you wanted to produce more energy, what pathway would you choose?

a)

aerobic

b)

anaerobic

13.

What are the products of cell respiration?

a)

water, light, and sugar

b)

water, carbon dioxide, ATP

c)

oxygen, water, sugar

14.

Photosynthesis _________ the energy that cell respiration ______.

a)

builds ; breaks

b)

breaks ; build

c)

eats ; builds

15.

Carbon dioxide levels will _______ during exercise.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

see no change

16.

Why would oxygen levels decrease during aerobic respiration?

a)

oxygen is being used for energy

b)

photosynthesis is releasing oxygen

c)

oxygen shouldn't decrease, it should increase

17.

The CO2 you breathe out comes out of which process?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

lactic acid fermentation

c)

Kreb's Cycle

18.

Plants can only go through photosynthesis not respiration.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

What product(s) coming out of photosynthesis can straight to mitochondria for energy?

a)

carbon dioxide and sugar

b)

sugar and oxygen

c)

water and light

20.

Where does anaerobic respiration occur?

a)

mitochondria matrix

b)

mitochondria inner membrane

c)

cytoplasm

21.

How much ATP is required to power glycolysis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

4

d)

34

22.

Which stage of respiration is water formed?

a)

Kreb Cycle

b)

Glycolysis

c)

ETC

d)

Calvin Cycle

23.
The tendency of an organism to maintain a balanced state in order to stay healthy.
a)
Stimuli
b)
Response
c)
Tropism
d)
Homestasis
24.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
25.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
26.
What is a phenotype
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
27.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
28.
having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
29.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
30.
Where, in the eukaryotic cell, is DNA located?
a)
ribosomes
b)
nucleus
c)
E.R.
d)
cytoplasm
31.
Term for an organism that display two dominant phenotypes at the same time
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
linked genes
32.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
33.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
34.
Which of the following is homozygous dominant?
a)
Yy
b)
Y
c)
yy
d)
YY
35.
Complex molecule that carries genetic information that defines an organism's traits. It is stored in the nucleus.
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
RNA
d)
glucose nucleic acid (GNA)
36.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
37.
Natural selection is when ____________ decides who survives and who doesn't
a)
nature
b)
humans
c)
animals
d)
years
38.
The inherited combination of alleles is known as the offspring's
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
redigree
39.
A heterozygous yellow pea plant's genotype would be:
a)
YY
b)
yy
c)
Yy
d)
Yg
40.
A corn plant heterozygous for tall sprouts mates with a corn plant with short sprouts. If tall sprouts are dominant, how many different phenotypes are possible in the offspring?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
41.
If T=Tall & t=short, what is the genotypic ratio?
a)
1:3
b)
3:1
c)
1:2:1
d)
2:2
42.
If a heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short pea plant, what are the possible genotypes of the future offspring?
a)
100% Tt
b)
50% Tt, 50% tt
c)
75%Tt, 25%tt
d)
25%TT, 50%Tt, 25%tt
43.

A gene is

a)

a section of DNA

b)

a chemical found in the nucleus of cells

c)

contains instructions for building a protein

d)

all of the above

44.

Human gametes contain how many chromosomes?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

12

d)

28

45.

In which phase does crossing-over happen?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Anaphase II

46.

What phase is this?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase II

47.

What phase is this?

a)

Telophase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Anaphase II

48.

What phase is this?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Telophase I

d)

Anaphase II

49.

What phase is this?

a)

Metaphase II

b)

Prophase II

c)

Telophase I

d)

Anaphase I

50.

What phase is this?

a)

Metaphase II

b)

Prophase I

c)

Telophase I

d)

Anaphase I

51.

In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is ____.

a)

23

b)

46

c)

69

d)

92

52.

Which of the following is the best definition for MEIOSIS?

a)

the process of two haploid cells uniting

b)

the counting of chromosomes within a diploid cell

c)

a two-step process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half such that there is only one copy of all the chromosomes

d)

the equational division of a cell into two identical copies

53.

In which stage of MEIOSIS does crossing over occur? (The exchange of genetic material between chromosomes in a tetrad.)

a)

Anaphase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Prophase I

d)

Telophase I

54.

In Metaphase I, tetrads line up along the _______.

a)

mitotic spindle

b)

centrosomes

c)

equatorial plane

d)

contractile ring

55.

In Anaphase I, the _________ are separated by the pulling of the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell.

a)

homologous pairs of chromosomes

b)

sister chromatids

c)

centromeres

d)

centrosomes

56.

How many cells are formed at the end of Meiosis II?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

8

57.

Any trait or behavior that increases an organism's likelihood of survival

a)

Mutation

b)

Adaptation

c)

Allele

d)

Fitness

58.

in a population where organisms that are better adapted for the environment are more likely to survive nature's forces than those varieties that are not well suited for the environment

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Speciation

c)

fitness

d)

adaptation

59.

any change in the DNA sequence; produces new adaptations in a population

a)

convergent evolution

b)

allele

c)

divergent evolution

d)

mutation

60.

the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce fertile offspring

a)

Adaptation

b)

Fitness

c)

Evolution

d)

Speciation

61.

comparing the similarities in embryonic development in organisms with the idea that the more similar development occurs between two species the more closely related they have

a)

common ancestory

b)

fossil record

c)

artificial selection

d)

fitness

62.

comparing similarities in body structure to show evolutionary relationship

a)

homologous structures

b)

adaptation

c)

analogous structures

d)

vestigial structures

63.

using the remains of living organisms to document evolutionary relationship

a)

analogous structures

b)

bichemistry

c)

comparative anatomy

d)

fossil record

64.

process of creating a new species

a)

coevolution

b)

synthesis

c)

isolation

d)

speciation

65.

Members of a population that are morphologically (physically) similar and can reproduce to make fertile offspring.

a)

adaptation

b)

species

c)

coevolution

d)

selective breeding

66.

isolation of a population based on a physical barrier where two different populations occupy different habitats and therefore will not cross paths to mate

a)

geographic isolation

b)

behavioral isolation

c)

temporal isolation

d)

stabilizing isolation

67.

a structure that several species share because they all share a common ancestor; evidence of divergent evolution

a)

fossil record

b)

analogous structure

c)

vestigial structure

d)

homologous structure

68.

when organisms have different body parts but are able to perform the same type of function

a)

homologous structure

b)

analogous structure

c)

vestigial structures

d)

mutation

69.

a structure that no longer serves a function necessary for survival; an evolutionist would argue that it is left over from our evolutionary past - that the common ancestor of the species needed that structure for survival

a)

analogous structure

b)

homologous structure

c)

vestigial structure

d)

adaptation

70.

when two or more species sharing a common ancestor become more different over time

a)

directional selection

b)

convergent evolution

c)

divergent evolution

d)

coevolution

71.

Process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments

a)

survival of the fittest

b)

convergent evolution

c)

divergent evolution

d)

coevolution

72.

Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully

a)

speciation

b)

artificial selection

c)

natural selection

d)

mutations

73.

Which describes a homologous structure?

a)

Same structure with a different function

b)

Different structure with the same function

c)

Structure lost its function

74.

What is a vestigial structure?

a)

Same structure with a different function

b)

Different structure with the same function

c)

Structure lost its function

75.

The biological definition of evolution:

a)

An organism turning into something

b)

Classifying organism

c)

Change in a population over time

d)

Change in an individual over its lifetime

76.

Which evidence of evolution refers to the location of organisms in respect to their relatives?

a)

Geographic distribution

b)

Homologous Structures

c)

Fossil Record

d)

DNA similarities

77.

Which evidence of evolution refers to similarities in the DNA and sequencing of amino acids?

a)

Geographic Distribution

b)

Homologous Structures

c)

Comparative Morphology

d)

Genetic Evidence

78.

What evidence of evolution is this?

a)

Fossil Record

b)

Embryology

c)

DNA Similarities

d)

Geographic Distribution

79.

Who is the scientist that is credited with the theory of evolution by natural selection?

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Charles Darwin

c)

Carolus Linnaeus

d)

Watson and Crick

80.

A characteristic or a trait that allows an organism to survive better is a/an -

a)

Acquired trait

b)

Dominant Trait

c)

Adaptation

d)

Recessive Trait

81.

Which explains the following image?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Random Breeding

c)

Artificial Selection

d)

Survival of the fittest

82.

What makes an organism more fit?

a)

Ability to camouflage

b)

Ability to catch more prey

c)

Ability to survive and reproduce more

d)

Ability to run fast and jump high

83.

What adaptation allows the Snow Rabbit to survive in this environment?

a)

Sharp Teeth

b)

Sharp Claws

c)

Camouflage

d)

Telepathy

84.

Genetic Variation can be caused by..

a)

Sexual Reproduction and Mutation

b)

Binary Fission and Asexual Reproduction

c)

Asexual Reproduction

d)

Cloning

85.

Why is the mouse population changing over time?

a)

The light colored mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice

b)

The hawk eats more dark mice than light mice because they taste better

c)

The hawk eats more light colored mice because they can see them more easily than the dark ones

d)

The hawk eats more dark mice because they can see them more easily

86.

These moths are all the same species. The differences between their wings is an example of ________________

a)

Natural Selection

b)

variation

c)

homeostasis

d)

extinction

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