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Bio Final test second semester 2023

Total questions: 116

Worksheet time: 2hrs 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Match the following:

a)

Dominant Allele

1.

A

b)

Recessive Allele

2.

a

c)

Homozygous Dominant

3.

BB

d)

Homozygous Recessive

4.

bb

e)

Heterozygous

5.

Bb

2.

Which of the following are HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

3.

Which of the following is HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

4.

Which of the following is HETEROZYGOUS?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

5.

The genotype BB is...

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homozygous Dominant

c)

Homozygous Recessive

6.

The genotype Bb is...

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homozygous Dominant

c)

Homozygous Recessive

7.

Which is the correct key for the statement below?

In dogs, being large is dominant to being small.

a)

KEY:

BB - large

Bb - small

bb - small

b)

KEY:

BB - large

Bb - large

bb - large

c)

KEY:

BB - large

Bb - large

bb -small

d)

KEY:

BB - small

Bb - small

bb - large

8.

Which is the correct key for the statement below?

In humans, brown hair is dominant to blonde hair.

a)

KEY:

BB - brown

Bb - brown

bb - blonde

b)

KEY:

BB - brown

Bb - blonde

bb - blonde

c)

KEY:

BB - blonde

Bb - blonde

bb - brown

d)

KEY:

BB - brown

Bb - brown

bb - brown

9.

Which is the correct key for the statement below?

In plants, round peas are dominant to wrinkled peas.

a)

KEY:

BB - wrinkled

Bb - round

bb - round

b)

KEY:

BB - round

Bb - wrinkled

bb - round

c)

KEY:

BB - round

Bb - round

bb - round

d)

KEY:

BB - round

Bb - round

bb - wrinkled

10.

Which is a dominant allele?

a)

B

b)

b

11.

Which is a recessive allele?

a)

B

b)

b

12.

In plants, being tall is dominant over being short.

What phenotype will be seen with the genotype: BB

a)

Tall

b)

Short

13.

In plants, being tall is dominant over being short.

What phenotype will be seen with the genotype: Bb

a)

Tall

b)

Short

14.

In plants, being tall is dominant over being short.

What phenotype will be seen with the genotype: bb

a)

Tall

b)

Short

15.

An allele is

a)

A different version of a gene

b)

A genotype

c)

a phenotype

16.

a physical (observable) characteristic.

a)

trait

b)

personality

c)

cell

d)

DNA

17.

Match the following:

a)

Homozygous

1.

SAME

b)

Heterozygous

2.

DIFFERENT

c)

Dominant

3.

BIG

d)

Recessive

4.

SMALL

18.

Which is a genotype?

a)

AA

b)

Blue Eyes

19.

Which is a phenotype?

a)

AA

b)

Blue Eyes

20.
Stem cells are
a)
cells that grow uncontrollably
b)
undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
c)
never go through cell division
d)
only found in embryos
21.
Stem cells can be obtained from
a)
embryos
b)
some adult tissues
c)
umbilical cord blood
d)
all of the above
22.
What does "pluripotent" mean?
a)
able to divide and make many different types of cells
b)
not able to divide
c)
can only divide and make one cell type 
d)
if it divides, it will make a cancerous tumor
23.
What does "pluripotent" mean?
a)
able to divide and make many different types of cells
b)
not able to divide
c)
can only divide and make one cell type 
d)
if it divides, it will make a cancerous tumor
24.
Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?
a)
Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
b)
Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
c)
Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
d)
A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 
25.
What is the difference between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells?
a)
Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cells
b)
Adult stem cells are pluripotent, just like embryonic stem cells
c)
Adult stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than embryonic stem cells
d)
Adult stem cells grow bigger than embryonic stem cells
26.
Which is true about embryonic stem cells?
a)
They no longer divide, their cell type is set and cannot change.
b)
They can develop into only one type of cell.
c)
They can become any cell type in the body.
d)
They are found in adults.
27.
What is cell differentiation?
a)
Process by which cells produce more cells
b)
Process by which cells become specialized
c)
Process by which cells become unspecialized
d)
Process by which cells die
28.
What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?
a)
To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.
b)
To many cells.
c)
To make stem cells
d)
to make single celled organisms
29.
Stem cells are
a)
cells that grow uncontrollably
b)
undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
c)
never go through cell division
d)
only found in embryos
30.
Stem cell research is controversial because in involves?
a)
social issues
b)
ethical issues
c)
educational issues
d)
economical issues
31.
What is the importance of apoptosis?
a)
To eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells
b)
To create specialized cells
c)
To produce two identical cells
d)
To cause uncontrolled cell growth
32.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.
33.

The end of mitosis results in  ____ to each other.

a)

2 cells that are identical

b)

4 cells that are identical

c)

2 cells that are not identical

d)

4 cells that are not identical

34.
The end of meiosis results in  ____ to each other.
a)
2 cells that are identical
b)
4 cells that are identical
c)
2 cells that are not identical
d)
4 cells that are not identical
35.

Reorder the phases of mitosis

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

1)
2)
3)
4)
36.

Reorder the phases of meiosis

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase I

e)

Prophase II

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
37.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
38.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
 Metaphase I
39.
What phase is this?
a)
Interphase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Anaphase II
40.
What are chromosomes?
a)
different versions of genes
b)
condensed DNA 
c)
uncoiled DNA
41.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
42.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)

segregation of sister chromatids

b)

condensation and segregation of alleles

c)

mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered

d)

crossing - over in which genes are exchanged

43.

A chromosome is composed of two identical sister

a)

centromeres

b)

chromatids

c)

autosomes

d)

somatic cells

44.

A pair of homologous chromosomes (a tetrad) is composed of ​ ​ (a)   matching chromosomes, and ​ (b)   sister chromatids.

Choose from the below words
two
four
one
three
45.

In which type of cell division does crossing over occur?

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

46.

During meiosis, if an organism has 10 chromosomes, how many will the new daughter cells have?

a)

10

b)

8

c)

5

d)

2

47.

During mitosis, if an organism has 10 chromosomes, how many will the new daughter cells have?

a)

10

b)

8

c)

5

d)

2

48.

In mitosis the ​ (a)   daughter cells that are created are ​ (b)   . In meiosis the ​ (c)   daughter cells that are created are ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
two
diploid
four
haploid
49.

Which event is an important factor in increasing variety among sexually reproducing organisms?

a)

crossing over

b)

gene linkage

c)

testcross

d)

mitosis

50.

In which phase of meiosis does the chromosome number change from diploid to haploid?

a)

prophase I

b)

anaphase I

c)

prophase II

d)

anaphase II

51.

Select the image that represents meiosis:

a)
b)
52.

Small grain-shaped organelles that produce proteins for the cell

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Mitochondria

53.

Rigid layer that surrounds the cell of plants and some other organisms such as fungi

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Golgi Apparatus

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Cell Membrane

54.

Large oval structure that acts as the control center of the cell, directing all of the cells’ activities

a)

Vacuole

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Nucleus

55.

Thick, clear, gel-like fluid that fills the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleus

56.

Rod-shaped organelles that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Golgi Apparatus

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

57.

An organelle that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

c)

Golgi Appartus

d)

Cytoplasm

58.

Organelle in a cell that receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell

a)

Golgi Apparatus

b)

Lysosome

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Chloroplast

59.

Sac-like organelle that stores water, food, and other materials.

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Vacuole

60.

Organelle in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and changes it to an energy form that cells can use in making food

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Chloroplast

61.

Cell organelle which contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones that can be used by the rest of the cell

a)

Lysosome

b)

Ribosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

Cytoplasm

62.

Semipermeable membrane, surrounding a cell that controls what goes into and out of the cell

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Lysosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

Cell Membrane

63.
The maintenance of an organism’s internal environment is called:
a)
compensating
b)
homeostasis
c)
balancing
d)
routine
64.
If the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to:
a)
keep body temperature the same as the external temperature
b)
decrease body temperature
c)
increase body temperature
d)
regulate blood pressure
65.
Homeostasis
a)
allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
b)
is impossible in vertebrates
c)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
d)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
66.

Why is the sensation of thirst important to maintaining homeostasis?

a)

Water removed by the kidneys must be replaced

b)

Oxygen cannot diffuse into cells if a person is dehydrated

c)

Water molecules are needed to carry carbon dioxide waste to the kidneys

67.

Why does pulse rate increase during exercise?

a)

Oxygen and carbon dioxide must be removed from the body ASAP

b)

Gas exchange must happen more quickly than when a person is at rest

c)

Oxygen must be moved to the lungs and carbon dioxide must be moved to cells more quickly

d)

Carbon dioxide must be moved to the kidneys to be excreted

68.

The group of organisms that use the process of homeostasis includes

a)

mammals, only

b)

animals, only

c)

plants and animals

d)

all living things

69.
The tendency of an organism to maintain a balanced state in order to stay healthy.
a)
Stimuli
b)
Response
c)
Tropism
d)
Homestasis
70.

If a person's blood cells shrivel (shrink) their blood is likely

a)

isotonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

hypertonic

71.

Which of the following is most likely to cause a person's blood cells to burst?

a)

eating many salty foods

b)

eating many greasy foods

c)

drinking small amounts of water

d)

drinking very large amounts of water

72.

Which of the following is NOT an example of homeostasis?

a)

A human producing gametes

b)

A plant bending toward sunlight

c)

A bird drinking water when thirsty

d)

A dog stealing chicken off the kitchen counter when hungry

73.

Which kingdoms are made up of prokaryotes?

a)

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

b)

Protists and Fungi

c)

Plantae and Animalia

d)

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

74.

How many times larger is a eukaryotic cell than a prokaryotic cell?

a)

5 times

b)

10 times

c)

50 times

d)

100 times

75.

Which type of cell appeared first on Earth?

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Eukaryotic Cells

c)

Animal Cells

d)

Plant Cells

76.

Which of these is not a Eukaryotic Kingdom?

a)

Protists

b)

Fungi

c)

Bacteria

d)

Animalia

77.

Which of these organisms are not eukaryotes?

a)

Yeast

b)

Algae

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

78.

Which of these organisms are not prokaryotes?

a)

Fungi

b)

E-coli

c)

Streptococcus

d)

Bacteria

79.

These cells have genetic material that is 50% from one parent and 50% from the other parent.

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

80.

Prokaryotic cells reproduce

a)

Sexually

b)

Asexually

81.

Prokaryotic cells do not have

a)

DNA

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleus

82.

Which type of cell has membrane bound organelles?

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Bacteria Cells

c)

Eukaryotic Cells

d)

E-coli bacterium

83.

Which of these structures do prokaryotes and eukaryotes share?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Organelles

d)

Ribosomes

84.

Prokaryotes were the first type of organism to evolve.

a)

True

b)

False

85.

What kinds of organisms contain prokaryotic cells?

a)

Fungi

b)

Animals

c)

Plants

d)

Bacteria

86.

The prefix "Eu" and suffix "kary" indicate that prokaryotic cells have

a)

No nucleus

b)

A true nucleus

c)

Before nucleus

d)

No kernel

87.

This type of cell can be unicellular or multicellular

a)

Bacteria

b)

Prokaryotic

c)

Amoeba

d)

Eukaryotic

88.

One single chromosome of DNA attached to the cell membrane is found in this type of cell.

a)

Animal

b)

Plant

c)

Prokaryotic

d)

Eukaryotic

89.

Which kingdoms are made up of prokaryotes?

a)

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

b)

Protists and Fungi

c)

Plantae and Animalia

d)

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

90.

How many times larger is a eukaryotic cell than a prokaryotic cell?

a)

5 times

b)

10 times

c)

50 times

d)

100 times

91.

Which type of cell appeared first on Earth?

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Eukaryotic Cells

c)

Animal Cells

d)

Plant Cells

92.

Which of these is not a Eukaryotic Kingdom?

a)

Protists

b)

Fungi

c)

Bacteria

d)

Animalia

93.

Which of these organisms are not eukaryotes?

a)

Yeast

b)

Algae

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

94.

Which of these organisms are not prokaryotes?

a)

Fungi

b)

E-coli

c)

Streptococcus

d)

Bacteria

95.

These cells have genetic material that is 50% from one parent and 50% from the other parent.

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

96.

Prokaryotic cells reproduce

a)

Sexually

b)

Asexually

97.

Prokaryotic cells do not have

a)

DNA

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleus

98.

Which type of cell has membrane bound organelles?

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Bacteria Cells

c)

Eukaryotic Cells

d)

E-coli bacterium

99.

Which of these structures do prokaryotes and eukaryotes share?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Organelles

d)

Ribosomes

100.

Prokaryotes were the first type of organism to evolve.

a)

True

b)

False

101.

What kinds of organisms contain prokaryotic cells?

a)

Fungi

b)

Animals

c)

Plants

d)

Bacteria

102.

The prefix "Eu" and suffix "kary" indicate that prokaryotic cells have

a)

No nucleus

b)

A true nucleus

c)

Before nucleus

d)

No kernel

103.

This type of cell can be unicellular or multicellular

a)

Bacteria

b)

Prokaryotic

c)

Amoeba

d)

Eukaryotic

104.

One single chromosome of DNA attached to the cell membrane is found in this type of cell.

a)

Animal

b)

Plant

c)

Prokaryotic

d)

Eukaryotic

105.

Which statement was NOT included in cell theory?

a)

All living things are composed of cells.

b)

Living cells come only from other living cells.

c)

Each cell contains a cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum.

d)

Cells are the smallest structure of living things that can perform the functions necessary for life.

106.

Which instrument is credited for helping scientists develop cell theory?

a)
b)
c)
d)
107.

This early cell theory scientist looked in a microscope and discovered "animalcules" in the gunk from his teeth and pond water.

a)

Schleiden

b)

Leeowenhoek

c)

Hooke

d)

Virchow

e)

Schwann

108.

Who discovered and named cells while looking at cork?

a)

Captain Hook

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Matthais Schleiden

d)

Rudolf Virchow

109.

What was Schleiden convinced of?

a)

All plants are made of cells

b)

All animals are made of cells

c)

All cells are prokaryotic

d)

None of the above

110.

Who noted that all animals are made of cells and helped write the first two parts of cell theory?

a)

Rudolf Virchow

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Theodor Schwann

d)

Robert Hooke

111.

Who discovered that all cells come from other living cells and had research that lead to the last major principle of cell theory?

a)

Matthias Schleiden

b)

Theodore Schwann

c)

Robert Hooke

d)

Rudolf Virchow

112.

These three scientists together helped come up with the second part of the cell theory (all living things are made of one or more cells). CHOOSE 3 ANSWERS

a)

Schleiden

b)

Leeowenhoek

c)

Hooke

d)

Virchow

e)

Schwann

113.

Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Theodor Schwann, Rudolf Virchow, and Matthias Schliden were all responsible for what theory?

a)

The Theory of Gravity

b)

The Theory of Relativity

c)

The Cell Theory

d)

The Theory of Continental Drift

114.

All living things are made up of...

a)

cells

b)

tissues

c)

organ

d)

organ systems

115.

What is the basic structural and functional unit of all living things?

a)

atom

b)

cell

c)

bacteria

d)

animalcules

116.

All cells -----

a)

come from other dead cells

b)

come from other living cells

c)

crystallize out of the air

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