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Biology 20 final exam review

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The process of plants losing water through their leaves is called ____.
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
transpiration
d)
exhaling
2.
Nitrogen that is not combined with other elements and found in the atmosphere as gas is _____.
a)
free nitrogen
b)
nitrogen compounds
c)
ammonia
d)
nitrates
3.
The type of nitrogen that can be used by producers is called _____.
a)
free nitrogen
b)
nitrous oxide
c)
nitrogen gas
d)
nitrogen compounds
4.
What are the swellings found on the roots of legumes called?
a)
noodles
b)
nodularisms
c)
nodules
d)
tubers
5.
Where are denitrifying bacteria found?
a)
In the soil
b)
Root nodules
c)
In dead things
d)
In the atmosphere
6.
Where are nitrogen-fixing bacteria found?
a)
In the soil
b)
Root nodules
c)
In dead things
d)
In the atmosphere
7.
Which is NOT a way that nitrogen compounds are added to the soil?
a)
Decay of dead organisms
b)
Denitrification
c)
Animal waste
d)
Nitrogen-fixation
8.
What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
combustion
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
decomposition
9.
What 2 things does a plant make during photosynthesis?
a)
oxygen, glucose
b)
glucose, carbon dioxide
c)
useable energy, glucose
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
10.
What 3 things are made during cellular respiration?
a)
useable energy, water, glucose
b)
glucose, water, carbon dioxide
c)
oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose
d)
carbon dioxide, water, useable energy
11.
The theory of natural selection was a hypothesis first proposed by
a)
Gregor Mendel
b)
James Waston and Francis Crick
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Robert Hooke
12.
1000 red and 1000 white ground beetles are placed in a cage on red clay containing beetle eating birds.  The beetles are counted after 2 days. What is expected? 
a)
Equal number of red and white beetles are left
b)
More red beetles are left
c)
More white beetles are left. 
d)
All the beetles are gone.
13.
Darwin's studies of finches on the Galapagos Island suggests that the finches' differences in beak structure were most directly due to:
a)
acquired characteristics in the parent finches
b)
the size of the island where the finches live.
c)
mating behaviors of the different finch species
d)
geographic isolation and adaptations of the finches to different environments 
14.
Which statement best describes evolution.
a)
evolution is a predictable change from simple to complex organisms
b)
evolution is a process of change through time
c)
evolution causes organisms to develop characteristics they need
d)
evolution often proceeds from complex to simpler organisms. 
15.
Characteristics of a species that make its members better able to live and reproduce in their environment are known as
a)
abiotic factors
b)
biotic factors
c)
homologous structures
d)
favorable adaptations. 
16.
Which of the following is true about natural selection?
a)
a population of organisms of the same species are all alike
b)
organisms posses genetic characteristics that sometimes make no difference on their lives
c)
organisms choose characteristics that help them adapt to their environment
d)
only those organisms that survive the environmental change pass on their traits to the next generation 
17.
A change in the gene pool due to death or isolation is called
a)
natural selection 
b)
biochemistry
c)
genetic drift
d)
mutations 
18.
The information in the chart provides data that can help in the identification of possible evolutionary relationships from the study of comparative __________ 
a)
cytology
b)
embryology
c)
anatomy
d)
biochemistry 
19.
Using the information from the chart, which two organisms are the closest in evolutionary distance from a common ancestor?
a)
horse-zebra
b)
human-gorilla
c)
human-chimpanzee
d)
horse-chimpanzee 
20.
A large population of bluejays living in the mountains is separated by the formation of a desert.  After millions of years, the populations of bluejays would most likely...
a)
become exstinct
b)
diverge into two new species 
c)
evolve into cats
d)
become two very small populations of the same species. 
21.
The diagram below shows the gradual change over time in the anatomy of the horse.  Which concept is best illustrated by the physical variations in the horse as its body size and structure change over time?
a)
acquired characteristics 
b)
artificial selection
c)
intermediate inheritance
d)
evolution 
22.
A study of the position and shape of the bones in the forelimbs of a flying squirrel, a bat, and a beaver showed that the beaver and the flying squirrel appear to be most closely related.  This determination was most likely based on a study in the field of comparative
a)
anatomy
b)
biochemisty
c)
cytology
d)
embryology. 
23.
The diagrams below represent homologous structures.  The study of the evolutionary relationships between these structures is known as comparative... 
a)
embryology
b)
anatomy
c)
biochemistry
d)
cytology 
24.
The diagram below represent stages in the embryonic development of four organisms.  The similarities in embryonic development shown in the diagram suggests that these oranisms 
a)
all undergo external development
b)
have adaptations for the same enviroment
c)
are all members of the same species
d)
may have evolved from a common ancestor 
25.

Most plants appear green because chlorophyll

a)

does not absorb green light.

b)

reflects violet light.

c)

absorbs green light.

d)

none of the above

26.

If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant’s environment, what would you expect to happen to its production

of high-energy sugars?

a)

More sugars will be produced.

b)

No sugars will be produced.

c)

The same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide.

d)

Carbon dioxide does not affect the production of high-energy sugars in plants.

27.

Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into

a)

oxygen.

b)

high-energy sugars.

c)

ATP and oxygen.

d)

oxygen and high-energy sugars.

28.

Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to

a)

chloroplasts.

b)

cytoplasm.

c)

mitochondria.

d)

nucleus.

29.
Cellular Respiration's goal is to
a)
make water
b)
make ATP
c)
make glucose
d)
make  oxygen
30.

aerobic cellular respiration occurs only in the presence of

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

water

c)

sunlight

d)

oxygen

31.

What is the organelle pictured?

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

ribosome

d)

vacuole

32.

4. Which biomolecules transport oxygen and other substances and also form part of most organelles?

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

33.

5. Which biomolecules provide quick energy for the cell and also provide materials to build the cell membrane/wall?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

34.

2. Which biomolecules contains your genetic information?

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

35.

9. Amino Acids are the monomers of __________.

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

36.

6. The monomer of carbohydrates is known as _______.

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Fatty Acid

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Saccharide

37.

Just under an orca's skin lies a thick layer of blubber. Blubber helps insulate a whale from heat loss. Based on this information, which biomolecule is blubber primarily made of?

a)

Lipids

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

38.

3. Which biomolecules act as energy storage for the cell and also cushions and insulates organs?

a)

Carbohyrdates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

39.

8. The monomer of Nucleic Acids is known as _________.

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Fatty Acid

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Saccharide

40.

11. People with albinism do not produce the melanin protein. Melanin allows for people to be protected from the sun and thus people with albinism are prone to severe sunburns. Which biomolecule would you infer is responsible for albinism?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acid

41.

1. The four most common elements found in biomolecules are __________.

a)

Sulfur, Phosphorus, Carbon, Oxygen

b)

Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen

c)

Sulfur, Nitrogen, Carbon, Iron

d)

Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Sulfur

42.

What are the fingerlike structures located in the small intestine that absorbs nutrients?

a)

Duodenum

b)

Villi

c)

Bile

d)

Pancreas

43.

Which of the following answers correctly sequences the pathway food takes from the beginning to end?

a)

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

b)

mouth, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

c)

mouth, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine

d)

mouth, stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine

44.

The teeth and tongue of the oral cavity break foodstuff down physically. This is an example of

a)

mechanical digestion

b)

chemical digestion

c)

absorption

d)

peristalsis

45.

Which organ makes bile to help break down fats?

a)

liver

b)

gallbladder

c)

pancreas

46.

What organ is responsible for the absorption of water and movement of waste?

a)

large intestine

b)

small intestine

c)

stomach

d)

oral cavity

47.

Why doesn't the stomach digest itself with hydrochloric acid?

a)

It is lined with villi to protect the lining of the stomach

b)

the lining is covered with mucus to protect itself

c)

the stomach wall becomes immune to the strong acid over time

d)

the stomach walls are made of very thick skeletal muscle.

48.
The air sacs that are covered with capillaries where gas exchange takes place
a)
bronchi
b)
lungs
c)
oxygen
d)
alveoli
49.
Given the following structures:
1. larynx
2. nasal cavity
3. pharynx
4. trachea
Which of the following is the correct order that air would flow during inhalation. 
a)
1,2,3,4
b)
2,3,1,4
c)
2,1,3,4
d)
4,2,3,1 
50.
A chamber behind the nose and mouth that leads to the trachea
a)
pharynx
b)
trachea
c)
epiglottis
d)
larynx
51.

The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs.

a)

inspiration

b)

expiration

c)

internal respiration

d)

external respiration

52.

A capillary is a form of...

a)

Gas exchange

b)

Respiration

c)

Blood vessel

d)

Alveoli

53.

Gaseous exchange happens because of...

a)

Osmosis

b)

Respiration

c)

Diffusion

d)

Semi-permeable membranes

54.

The job of the heart is to . . .

a)

pump blood around the body.

b)

send food to the small intestines.

c)

break down food.

d)

give energy to the body.

55.

The FREQUENCY of heart contractions is...

a)

heart rate

b)

blood pressure

c)

respiratory rate

d)

voluntary muscle contraction

56.
Identify
a)
Left atrium
b)
Right atrium
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right ventricle
57.
Identify
a)
Left atrium
b)
Right atrium
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right ventricle
58.

This chamber of the heart RECEIVES oxygen rich blood back from the lungs

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Left Atrium

c)

Right Ventricle

d)

Left Ventricle

59.

This chamber of the heart pumps the blood from the heart to the lungs through the pulmonary artery

a)

Right Atrium

b)

Left Atrium

c)

Right Ventricle

d)

Left Ventricle

60.

What is blood pressure?

a)

Pressure of the blood against the walls of the veins.

b)

Pressure of the heart pushing the blood out.

c)

Pressure of the heart receiving blood.

d)

Pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries.

61.

As the diameter of a blood vessel DECREASES...

a)

resistance INCREASES.

b)

resistance DECREASES.

c)

resistance is NOT affected.

62.

What type blood vessel exchanges nutrients and oxygen in the tissues?

a)

Arteries

b)

Veins

c)

Capillaries

d)

Venules

63.

Which type of blood vessel carries blood TO the heart?

a)

Arteries

b)

Capillaries

c)

Veins

d)

Venules

64.

This sticky fluid traps any pathogens that try and get in our body

a)

Mucous Lining

b)

Blood

c)

Stomach Acid

d)

Skin

65.

What is the first line of defense of the immune system?

a)

Mucos

b)

White Blood Cells

c)

Skin

d)

Red Blood Cells

66.

Whats another name for White Blood Cells?

a)

Lymphocytes

b)

Leukocytes

c)

Plasma Cells

d)

Memory Cells

67.

Which cells engulf the pathogens?

a)

Macrophages

b)

B Cells

c)

White Blood Cells

d)

Plasma Cells

68.

A protein that attacks antigens is called:

a)

Antibody

b)

Immune response

c)

Inflammatory Response

d)

Vector

69.

What is a vaccine?

a)

A weakened pathogen injected in the body to produce immunity

b)

Temporary immunity that develops as natural exposure

c)

An overreaction of the immune system

d)

Medicine that helps after you're infected

70.

What are memory T Cells?

a)

The kills infected body cells

b)

They help the immune system respond quicker if the same pathogen enters the body again

c)

They signal B Cells

d)

They cause Inflammation

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