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Unit 3 - Precognition

Total questions: 121

Worksheet time: 2hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?
a)
It will increase.
b)
It will decrease.
c)
It will stay the same.
d)
It will fluctuate.
2.
Largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support...  
a)
carrying capacity
b)
population crash
c)
lag phase
d)
mutualism
3.
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
a)
1.8 million
b)
1.25 million
c)
1.6 million
d)
1.o million
4.
When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
a)
Continues to grow
b)
The population starts to die off to return to carrying capcity
c)
The population will go extinct due to lack of resources
d)
The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
5.
Food, water, sunlight, shelter, and space are resources that are often __________.
a)
limiting factors
b)
wet
c)
messy
d)
found in rocks
6.
Any thing or organism that regulates the size of a population of another organism is known as __________.
a)
a limiting measure
b)
a limiting factor
c)
factorization
d)
materialization of precipitation
7.
When organisms move out of the population, this is known as
a)
emigration
b)
abandonment
c)
immigration
d)
succession
8.
Which kind of growth does the human population follow? It is described as a J-shaped curve.
a)
Exponential Growth
b)
Logistic Growth
c)
Outstanding Growth
d)
Minimal Growth
9.
What type of growth is represented behind?
a)
exponential
b)
logistics
c)
a good kind
d)
representative
10.
What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
11.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

12.

A population’s emigration in one month totaled 2 individuals. During the same period, immigration was 12 individuals. Natality (births) was 8, and mortality was 15 due to a parasite infection. What was the net effect on the population size?

a)

+5

b)

+3

c)

0

d)

-4

13.

What type of growth model is shown in image A?

a)

Exponential

b)

Logistic

14.

The Florida Panther is a large cat that is native to the southern parts of Florida. Recently, the panther's main food source, rabbits, have been infected with a deadly disease that only affects rabbits. How would this most likely affect the population of panthers in the coming years?

a)

The panther population will decrease since they won't have access to as much food

b)

The panther population will not be affected because they will adapt to eating other food

c)

The panther population will increase because they will produce more offspring to make up the difference

d)

The panther population will decrease because they will contract the disease.

15.
What is the best definition of a population?
a)
The number of plants and animals there are in an area
b)
The number of different species in one place at one time
c)
The number of individuals of one species living in the same place
d)
The total number of all organisms in an ecosystem
16.

Describes how the organisms are spread out from one another.

a)

Denisty

b)

Volume

c)

Distribution

d)

Population pattern

17.

What type of distribution pattern is evenly spaced apart from one another?

a)

Uniform

b)

Clumped

c)

Random

d)

Uneven

18.

This is the most commonly seen distribution pattern. Example: wolves. This is usually because there are resources found in particular areas and the organisms need more space to survive.

a)

Random

b)

Uniform

c)

Clumped

d)

Ueven

19.

What are the three types of distribution patterns?

a)

uniform, clumped, random

b)

uniform, uneven, random

c)

uneven, clumped, random

d)

uniform, clumped, uneven

20.

When a population continues to grow at a fast rate.

a)

Exponential Growth

b)

Logistic Growth

c)

Carrying Capacity

d)

Infinity Growth

21.

This type of growth happens when an organism reaches its carrying capacity.

a)

Exponential growth

b)

Logistic growth

c)

infinity growth

d)

none of the above

22.

This is when an individual or population to reproduce under optimal (the best) environmental conditions. This rarely happens because of limiting factors.

a)

Biotic Potential

b)

Carrying capacity

c)

Environmental Resistance

d)

Logistic Growth

23.

Biodiversity, aka biological diversity, usually refers to

a)

the same species in a general location

b)

the number of different species in a given area

c)

the number of animal species in a given area

d)

the number of plant species in a given area

24.

Why is "A" less biodiverse than "B"?

a)

Image "A" is more biodiverse.

b)

Image "A" has many corn plants and this makes it have high "rich" biodiversity.

c)

Image "A" has a lot more plants than image "B"

d)

Even though "A" has a lot of corn plants they are all the same species and makes this a low "poor" biodiverse area.

25.

Species that are clearly critical to the functioning of an ecosystem are known as

a)

biodiversity

b)

keystone species

c)

main species

d)

native species

26.
Which of the following describes the importance of biodiversity to an ecosystem?
a)
a. People like to be able to see all the different plants and animals
b)

b. If there aren't all the different species, there will be resources that aren't being used

c)
c. Biodiversity is not as important as many people think
d)
d. Biodiversity can help minimize the effects of losing a species.
27.

Identify the species richness of this community.

a)

4

b)

6

c)

25

d)

24

28.

What is the abundance for species A?

a)

25

b)

15

c)

18

d)

10

29.

What species have the lowest abundance?

a)

B

b)

C

c)

D

d)

E

e)

F

30.

Which community has the highest abundance of species A?

a)

Community A

b)

Community B

31.

Which community has higher species richness?

a)

Community A

b)

Community B

c)

Both community A & B

32.

Which site has the greatest biodiversity?

a)

Site A

b)

Site B

33.

What are the 2 types of stratification?

a)

Vertical & Horizontal

b)

Quadrat & Vertical

c)

Quadrat & Transect

d)

Horizontal & Diagonal

34.

Which are abiotic factors?

a)

Temperature

b)

Grasses

c)

Trees

d)

pH

35.

What is the name of the survey used to assess changing biotic data across ecosystem profiles?

a)

Line transect

b)

Quadrat survey

c)

Belt transect

d)

Linear sampling

36.

Which piece of equipment can be used for estimating the number of plants in an area?

a)

Light meter

b)

Pitfall trap

c)

Quadrat

d)

Moisture meter

37.

How can a representative sample of the plant species growing in a field be obtained?

a)

By randomly placing a quadrat at many different locations around the field

b)

By randomly placing many quadrats in one corner of the field

c)

By placing one quadrat at a random location in the field

38.

Limpets were found in 25 out of 50 quadrats. What percentage of quadrats contained limpets?

a)

100%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

39.

What type of population would you ESTIMATE using a quadrat?

a)
b)
c)
d)
40.

What is the best way to place a quadrat?

a)

Place it where you like

b)

Divide the sample area into a grid and use a random number generator to choose a square.

c)

Throw the quadrat so it's random

d)

Divide the sample area into a grid and choose a square.

41.

What is the trophic level of the diatom (phytoplankton)?

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

42.

What is the trophic level of the krill (zooplankton)?

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

43.

What is the trophic level of the arctic cod?

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

tertiary consumer

44.
A method that classifies organisms according to the order that they diverged from a common ancestor 
a)
Cladogram 
b)
Dichotomous Key
c)
Molecular Clock
d)
Cladistics
45.

According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?

a)

crayfish

b)

grasshopper

c)

perch

d)

frog

46.

Based on the data given in the table, which two are most closely related?

a)

Human & Gorilla

b)

Gorilla & Orangutan

c)

Human & Chimpanzee

d)

Chimpanzee & Orangutan

47.

Based on the figure, which organism is most closely related to the polar bear?

a)

black bear

b)

european brown bear

c)

western north american brown bear

d)

asian brown bear

48.

2-word naming system by Carolus Linnaeus

(a)  

49.

The 8 levels of classification, from most broad to most specific.

a)

Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species

b)

Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order

c)

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

d)

Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus

50.
Which organisms are most closely related?
a)
Equus caballas (Horse) & Equus burchellii (Zebra)
b)
Cyanea artica (Jellyfish) &
Ctenodiscus crispatus (Mud Starfish)
c)
Naja naja (cobra) & Glycine max (soya bean)
d)
Ophiocomina nigra (black brittle star) & Brassica nigra (black mustard)
51.

The foredune and hinddune were randomly sampled using quadrats. They were found to have D values of 0.47 and 0.68 respectively. What conclusion about these two sites is most correct?

a)

The hinddune is more biodiverse than the foredune

b)

The foredune is more biodiverser than the hinddune

c)

The hinddune had a greater species richness

d)

The hinddune had greater evenness

52.

Which of the following is NOT a heterotroph?

a)

Producers

b)

Consumers

c)

Herbivores

d)

Carnivores

53.

Which type of consumer eats dead/decaying organisms?

a)

Herbivores

b)

Carnivores

c)

Omnivores

d)

Detritivores

54.

Why does energy decrease as you move up a food chain?

a)

Organisms get larger, so energy decreases

b)

Energy is lost as heat as you move up a food chain

c)

There are more organisms as you move up a food chain

d)

There are more resources as you move up a food chain

55.

How much energy moves on to the next trophic level?

a)

100%

b)

90%

c)

10%

d)

1%

56.

If producers get 100% of the energy, secondary consumers get _______ of the energy

a)

100%

b)

10%

c)

1%

d)

0.1%

57.

Which group of organisms have the largest biomass in this meadow environment?

a)

deer

b)

wolves

c)

mice

d)

grasses

58.

Cows eat grass and then various animals consume cows. The amount of energy available to the consumers is lower than the amount of energy available to the cow because cows

a)

reproduce rapidly, passing on energy to their offspring

b)

convert solar energy to food

c)

store all their energy in milk

d)

use energy for their own functions throughout life

59.

The bar graph shows the biomass of 4 different populations in a community. Which population is probably made of producers?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

60.

What is the fundamental difference between matter and energy?

a)

Matter is cycled through ecosystems; energy is not.

b)

Energy is cycled through ecosystems; matter is not.

c)

Energy can be converted into matter; matter cannot be converted into energy.

d)

Matter can be converted into energy; energy cannot be converted into matter.

61.

Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they _________________.

a)

change chemical substance from producers

b)

are at the highest level of the energy pyramid

c)

make nutrients available for producers to reuse

d)

convert light energy into sugars through photosynthesis

62.

In an energy pyramid, the lowest level has _________________.

a)

less energy than the top level

b)

more energy than the top level

c)

less energy than the second level

d)

the same amount of energy as the second level

63.

A complex interaction from the feeding relationships among various organisms in an ecosystem that form a network is called _________________.

a)

food web

b)

food chain

c)

community

d)

trophic level

64.

In an energy pyramid, the lowest level represents _________________.

a)

producer

b)

decomposer

c)

primary consumer

d)

secondary consumer

65.

All the energy in a food chain originated from _________________.

a)

plant

b)

the sun

c)

predators

d)

decomposers

66.
How plants and animals get nitrogen?
a)
Most plants get the nitrogen they need to grow from the soils or water in which they live.
b)
Animals get the nitrogen they need by eating plants or other animals that contain nitrogen. 
c)
Bacteria alter the nitrogen into a form that plants are able to use.
d)
All of the above.
67.
Why is nitrogen important to organisms?
a)
All plants and animals need nitrogen to make amino acids, proteins and DNA.
b)
All plants and animals need nitrogen to make fatty acids and carbohydrates. 
c)
All plants and animals need nitrogen to make sugar.
d)
None of the above. 
68.
Carbon is found in the atmosphere in the form of 
a)
carbohydrates
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
calcium carbonate
d)
ammonia
69.
Biologists describe nutrients as moving through cycles because the substances
a)
start as simple organic forms that plants need. 
b)
provide “building blocks” and energy that organisms need.         
c)
are passed between organisms and the environment and then back to organisms.       
d)
are needed by organisms to carry out life processes.
70.

The only organisms that can convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into a form useful to living things are nitrogen-fixing

a)

plants

b)

bacteria

c)

insects

d)

animals

71.
Which cycle is this?
a)
Carbon
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Phosphorus
d)
Water
72.
Which cycle is this?
a)
Carbon
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Phosphorus
d)
Water
73.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
74.
Eat primary consumers (can be carnivores and omnivores)
a)
Tertiary Consumers
b)
Secondary Consumers
c)
Quaternary Consumers 
d)
Top Predators 
75.

Primary succession occurs in an area that has:

a)

soil

b)

no soil

c)

some soil

d)

none of these

76.

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

a)

foundational organisms

b)

introductory organisms

c)

primary organisms

d)

pioneer species

77.

What is an example of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?

a)

Glaciers melt and leave exposed rock

b)

Plants die from drought and decompose

c)

Land is bulldozed and soil remains

78.

Which of the following is the correct order of ecological succession?

a)

grass - shrubs - lichens - trees

b)

lichens - shrubs - grasses - trees

c)

lichens - grasses - shrubs - trees

d)

grasses - lichens - shrubs - trees

79.

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

a)

Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

b)

Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

c)

Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community

d)

Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

80.

All of the following contribute directly to soil formation EXCEPT

a)

lichens

b)

decomposition of organisms

c)

volcanic eruptions

d)

erosion of rock by weather

81.

What is an example of a disturbance that could bring about secondary succession?

a)

Humans cut down many trees in a small region

b)

A volcanic eruption covers a village in lava.

82.

What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?

a)

peak community

b)

turf community

c)

climax community

d)

disturbed community

83.

Which is faster: Primary or Secondary Succession?

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

Both Take The Same Amount of Time

84.
The picture shows what type of succession?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quadanary
85.

Which of the following isn't a property of effective pioneer species

a)

Nitrogen-fixing

b)

Photosynthetic

c)

Low reproductive rate

d)

Tolerant to harsh conditions

86.

Match the term to the definition:

competitive exclusion principle

a)

it states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time

b)

an interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism

c)

interaction in which one animal feeds on producers, such as plants

d)

a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

87.

Match the term to the definition:

symbiosis

a)

a relationship in which two different organisms live closely together

b)

a relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it

c)

a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

d)

a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

88.

Match the term to the definition:

parasitism

a)

a relationship in which two different organisms live closely together

b)

a relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it

c)

a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

d)

a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

89.

Match the term to the definition:

commensalism

a)

a relationship in which two different organisms live closely together

b)

a relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it

c)

a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

d)

a species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem

90.

Match the definition to the term:

any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space

a)

tolerance

b)

habitat

c)

niche

d)

resource

91.

The range of all  conditions in which a species lives and how it gets what it needs to survive and reproduce.
a)
population
b)
ecosystem
c)
niche
d)
biology
92.
This diagram is showing the concept of:
a)
niche
b)
biome
c)
producers and consumers
d)
biosphere
93.
Part of an organism’s_____ involves the abiotic factors it requires for survival, such as moisture for an amphibian's skin.
a)
population
b)
biome
c)
tolerance
d)
niche
94.
The concept of the zebra mussels trying to all use space on the shell is an example of:
a)
competition
b)
tolerance
c)
niche
d)
ecosystem
95.
This photo illustrates interspecific ___________________ for resources.
a)
competition
b)
tolerance
c)
communities
d)
cooperation
96.
When put together, one organism outcompetes the other for resources.  This is an example of:
a)
competitive exclusion principle
b)
speciation
c)
biological niche
d)
evolution
97.
_______ can affect both the size and distribution of plant populations in a community and determine the places that certain plants can survive and grow.
a)
Predators
b)
Carnivores
c)
Omnivores
d)
Herbivores
98.
_________ can affect the size of prey populations in a community and determine the places prey can live and feed.
a)
Predators
b)
Ecosystems
c)
Omnivores
d)
Parasites
99.
What are the three primary ways that organisms depend on each other?
a)
predation, herbivory, and parasitism
b)
mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism
c)
symbiosis, predation, mututalism
d)
commensalism, predation, mututalism
100.
A tapeworm and a cat have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitism
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
101.
A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed
a)
Mutualism 
b)
Competition
c)
Parasitsm 
d)
Commensalism 
102.

a relationship between two species in which both species compete for limited resources such that both species are negatively affected by the relationship

a)

Symbiosis

b)

interspecific competition

c)

species richness

d)

species-area effect

103.

the differentiation of niches that enables similar species to coexist in a community

a)

character displacement

b)

climax community

c)

resource partitioning

d)

pioneer species

104.
The ecological niches of three bird species are shown in the diagram. What is the advantage of each bird species having a different niche?
a)
As more birds feed higher in the tree, available energy increases.
b)
More abiotic resources are available for each bird.
c)
Predators are less likely to feed on birds in a variety of locations.
d)
There is less competition for food.
105.

What is a keystone species?

a)

A species that helps to hold an ecosystem together

b)

A species that lives in or around rocks

c)

Keys and stones have nothing to do with ecology

d)

A keystone isn't a living thing, it's just a stone

106.
Based on the graph shown, how can you tell sea otters are a keystone species?
a)
as the sea otter population decreases, biodiversity increases
b)
as sea otter population increases, biodiversity increases
c)
changes in the sea otter population have little effect on biodiversity 
d)
the sea otter population dereases due to the presence of urchins
107.

Where the organism lives in an ecosystem is considered it's...

a)

Habitat

b)

Niche

c)

Home

d)

Biosphere

108.

Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?

a)

There would be a decrease in the small bird population.

b)

There would be a decrease in the grass/flowers population.

c)

There would be a decrease in the mice population.

d)

There would be an increase in the grass/flowers population.

109.

Removing a species from a food web typically results in...

a)

Increased population of their prey

b)

Increased population of their predators

c)

Plant overgrowth

d)

The whole system to collapse

110.
In this food chain, what will happen if the frogs become extinct?
a)
The snakes will increase.
b)
The grasshoppers will decrease.
c)
The eagles will remain the same.
d)
The grasshoppers will increase.
111.

A keystone species fills a unique ecological niche and therefore carries unique functions in an ecosystem

a)

True

b)

False

112.
Based on the graph shown, what is the effect of removing a keystone species from an ecosystem?
a)
biodiversity goes up
b)
biodiversity goes down
c)
biodiversity stays about the same
d)
not enough information to tell
113.
All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
population
d)
ecosystem
114.

What is the branch of science that deals with the study of living things and their relationship with the environment?

a)

Anthropology

b)

Ecology

c)

Ecosystems

115.

What is a community?

a)

A habitat with abiotic factors

b)

A very small habitat

c)

All the abiotic factors in a specific area

d)

All the different populations that live together in an area

116.

Which of the following are all abiotic?

a)

Temperature, Light, Rain, Gravity, Heat

b)

Water, Fish, Insects, Lily Plants

c)

Dogs, Meat, Cats, Catnip

d)

Lion, Pride Rock, Warthog, Meerkat

117.

What is binomial nomenclature (naming)?

a)

A two headed turtle

b)

A two name naming system

c)

A two grouped system to classify

d)

A microscope with two lenses.

118.
What taxa are in a scientific name?
a)
Genus and Kingdom
b)
Species and Family 
c)
Species and Class
d)
Genus and Species
119.
In the 8 levels of classification which level is the broadest category? 
a)
Kingdom
b)
Family
c)
Species
d)
Domain
120.

Who organized living things based on shared characteristics and created a system for assigning scientific names, known as Binomial nomenclature?

a)
Carolus Linnaeus
b)
Robert Hooke
c)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
d)
James Watson
121.
What are the 8 levels of classification of living things from most general to most specific?
a)
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
b)
domain, kingdom, class, phylum, order, family, genius, species
c)
domain, kingdom, family, class, order, family, genus, species
d)
domain, king, phillip, class, order, family, genus, species

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