Psychologists begin their studies by framing research questions.

After forming a research question, a psychologist will form a theory, or educated guess.

Psychologists test hypotheses through a variety of methods.

Psychologists might spend many years analyzing the results of their testing.

If a researcher’s research observations oppose their original theory, then they can conclude that the theory is correct.

the act of establishing the soundness of an idea or theory

aspects of behavior that cannot be seen or measured directly

repeated

educated guess

the group a researcher wants to study or describe

a part of a target population

a form containing a set of questions addressed to a statistically significant number of subjects

a predisposition to a certain point of view despite what facts may suggest

A random sample of a population always represents the exact proportional makeup of that population.

Questionnaires and interviews are two methods researchers use to conduct surveys and gather information.

The people who volunteer to participate in a survey may reflect a volunteer bias.

A stratified sample of a population is chosen by chance from the general population.

When conducting a survey, it is important to identify your target population.

a research technique for acquiring data about the attitudes or behaviors of a group of people, usally by asking questions of a representative, random sample

a predisposition to a certain point of view despite the facts

the concept that people who volunteer to participate in research studies often differ from those who do not volunteer

the total group to be studied or described from whom samples may be drawn

You need a sample of 100 from 1000 students who were asked about their preferred subject. To avoid selection bias due to different grades having different subjects, the students are grouped according to the grade, and students are chosen from each grade. This way, you won’t have an over-representation of the Grade 7 students and under-representation of the Grade 8 students. This is an example of which type of sampling?

The names of 25 employees are chosen out of a hat from a company of 250 employees. This is an example of which type of sampling?

a measure of how closely one thing is related to another

tests that measure people’s character traits and temperament

an inherent ability

an in-depth investigation of an individual or group

The study on Genie, a 20 month old girl that was locked in a small room until the age of 13, is an example of what type of observation?

a "field study"

a time-consuming study that tend to be expensive and are risky

the meausre of how closely one thing is related to another

meausres specific abilities and special talents, such as musical ability and mechanical skills.

The factor that researchers manipulate in an experiment is called the dependent variable.

The factor that researchers manipulate in an experiment is called the dependent variable.

One way to prevent bias is to conduct a double-blind study, in which neither the experimenters nor the participants know who is receiving treatment.

Standard deviation is a measure of the distance of every score in a test to the mean score.

Confidentiality and avoiding deception are part of the psychologist’s code of variables.

a factor in an experiment that can change

a substance or treatment that has no effect apart from a person’s belief in it

study in which neither the researchers nor the participants know who receives treatment

opinions formed in advance of adequate knowledge or experience

standards for proper and responsible behavior