WorksheetsBIO Review Semester 1
Total questions: 121
Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins
What evidence would prevent scientists from classifying viruses as living organisms?
Some viruses use RNA (not DNA) as genetic material.
Some viruses do not contain any proteins or carbohydrates.
Viruses reproduce asexually.
Viruses require a host cell to reproduce.
Which organism could be considered nonliving because it cannot carry out all the functions of life on its own as described in the cell theory?
a virus
a multicellular algae
a unicellular algae
a prokaryote
The image shows the structure of a typical virus.
On the basis of the structure, which statement justifies that viruses are nonliving?
Viruses lack cell organelles.
Viruses lack genetic material.
Viruses lack structures for movement.
Viruses lack membranes around their DNA.
Which scientist is credited with first using the term “cell” to describe part of an organism?
Hooke
Schleiden
Schwann
Virchow
A student claims that a leaf is living, and a plastic leaf is nonliving. Which statement provides evidence to support the claim?
The plastic leaf can reproduce.
The plastic leaf can grow and develop.
The plastic leaf lacks a cellular structure.
The plastic leaf lacks the ability to move.
The model shows a progression of complexity in the human body.
What is the correct term for the missing location on the model?
Cell
Organ
Organ system
Tissue
The model shows a progression of complexity in the human body.
What is the correct term for the missing location on the model?
Cell
Organ
Organ system
Tissue
Scientists have discovered a new object. The object grows slowly, contains genetic material, and reproduces asexually.
Based on these findings, what have the scientists discovered?
A living thing
A nonliving thing
A synthetic (man-made) material
A virus
After watching plants develop, Schleiden concluded that all parts of a plant are made from plant cells. Which tenet of the cell theory later developed from the conclusion?
Energy flow occurs in cells.
All organisms contain cells.
New cells are different from old cells.
There are similar physical properties in all cells.
Which statement most accurately describes a virus?
A virus is living because it has DNA that stores genetic information.
A virus is living because it has an envelope that acts like a cell membrane.
A virus is nonliving because it lacks an organelle that allows movement.
A virus is nonliving because it lacks an energy-producing cell organelle.
What trait do viruses possess that is associated with living things?
They contain genetic material as DNA or RNA.
They contain organelles within their membranes.
They grow and develop complexity over their lifetimes.
They reproduce only within a host cell.
Analyze the image of part of the digestive system.
What organization level is the small intestine?
Cell
Organ
Organ system
Tissue
Which is an example of how a living organism maintains homeostasis?
a person pulling back his or her hand from an electric shock
a cell excreting waste particles into the environment
a plant growing from a seed in a forest
a population of birds having slender beaks to pick up seeds
In comparison to a nonliving thing, which characteristic is only true of a living organism?
uses energy
undergoes respiration
produces waste product
capable of movement
Which scientist is associated with the final tenet of the cell theory, which states, “Cells come from other cells”?
Robert Hooke
Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Rudolf Virchow
A student collects several plants and pebbles from a riverbank, places them in an aquarium, and records observations for 15 days. The sizes of the plants increase, while the sizes of the pebbles remain the same. The student classifies the pebbles as nonliving things.
Which criteria does the student use as the basis for the classification?
Ability to grow
Ability to move
Ability to reproduce
Ability to respond to stimuli
A student places a healthy potted plant and a plastic straw in a closet for two weeks. After two weeks, the student observes that the plant is wilted and brown, while the plastic straw remains the same. The student classifies the plant as living and the plastic straw as nonliving.
What criteria does the student use to classify the plant as living rather than nonliving?
The plant needs energy from sunlight to make food for survival.
The plant produces pollen for reproduction of its species.
The plant generates sugars that are consumed as food by other organisms.
The plant produces offspring with characteristics similar to the parent plant.
Matthias Schleiden proposed that a plant grows by the division of cells and is composed entirely of cells. Which component of the cell theory is supported by Schleiden’s contribution?
The activity of an organism depends on the energy it consumes.
All living organisms are made up of one or many cells.
All cells are physically and chemically similar.
Energy flow occurs within cells.
Robert Hooke observed cork tissue from a plant using a microscope and saw small, honeycomb-like structures, as shown in the image.
What contribution did Hooke make to biology based on his observations?
He named the small structures organelles.
He named the small structures cells.
He stated that all cells come from preexisting cells.
He stated that every living thing is made up of more than one cell.
Rudolf Virchow rejected the idea that living things could generate spontaneously from nonliving things. Which part of the cell theory supports Virchow’s position?
All cells arise from preexisting cells.
All organisms are made up of cells.
Cells exist in various forms and sizes.
Cells are the fundamental units of life.
Use the diagram to answer the question.
Which number represents a unicellular organism?
1
2
3
4
Research provides evidence that the HIV virus requires a host to carry out its metabolic activities. Which evidence supports that the HIV virus is nonliving?
It has complicated DNA.
It has complicated structures.
It lacks food-producing or energy-producing cell organelles.
It lacks the genetic material needed to create more viruses.
Which feature of viruses is the most similar to a feature of living things?
Viruses do not grow or develop.
Viruses have a way to reproduce new viruses.
Viruses have a basic structure that is not based on cells.
Viruses require host cells in order to be active.
Which statement best explains why viruses are considered to be nonliving?
They are only able to be viewed with a microscope.
They are unable to reproduce independently.
They lack genetic material.
They have different types of proteins.
Theodor Schwann discovered that animal tissues are made of cells. Which part of the cell theory is based in part on Theodor Schwann’s findings?
All organisms are made up of cells.
New cells come from preexisting cells.
All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
Cells produce proteins for the functioning of organisms.
Which component of the cell theory was contributed in part by Rudolf Virchow?
All living organisms are made of many cells.
All cells originate from preexisting cells.
All living organisms divide and reproduce.
All cells require oxygen to grow.
The table shows the contributions of four scientists.
Which table correctly pairs the scientists with their contributions?
Distinguish between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell by selecting the accurate statements that apply to eukaryotic cells. SELECT 3.
Only eukaryotic cells have flagella
Only eukaryotic cells have mitochondria
Only eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane
Only eukaryotic cells have an endoplasmic reticulum
Only eukaryotic cells have DNA enclosed in a nucleus
Examine the model presented here. Evaluate the size and structures associated with this cell. Which statements are accurate in their description based on the cell type shown here? SELECT 3.
The cell lacks a nuclear membrane
The cell lacks ribosomes and is likely eukaryotic
The cell contains flagella is likely eukaryotic
The cell lacks mitochondria and is likely prokaryotic
This is a prokaryotic cell because there are few internal cell structures.
A simplified model of a bacterial cell is shown here. Upon analysis of the internal structures of this cell, predict which organelles would be found. SELECT 2.
DNA
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Which of these statements correctly pairs an organelle with its function in the cell? SELECT 3
Ribosomes make lipids
The mitochondria makes ATP (energy)
The lysosomes make proteins
The golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins
The endoplasmic reticulum transports molecules throughout the cell.
No matter what the cell type, prokaryotic or eukaryotic, plant or animal, the ____________ forms a protective barrier between the exterior environment and the interior of the cell.
Cell wall
Cytoskeleton
Cell membrane
Glycoproteins
What type of cell is cell D?
Animal
Bacterial
Fungal
Plant
Plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells. However, the functions of the different cells require that they have different organelles. What are the specialized structures found in plant cells, but NOT animal cells? Select THREE.
Cell wall
Centrioles
Chloroplasts
Cell membrane
Central vacuole
It is flu season! The flu is caused by a virus. Scientists continue to debate whether or not viruses are alive. If we consider the image of the flu virus seen here, we could say that a virus is NOT alive because...
it is a pathogen.
it is only found within a host.
there is no cellular structure.
the nucleic acid is not in a nucleus.
Viruses have all of the characteristics of living things EXCEPT?
cells
organization
replication
response
The cellular process in which materials are moved across a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration is called...
osmosis.
simple diffusion.
active transport.
passive transport.
To study osmosis, a student placed a thin potato slice in a salt solution. The slice became soft and shriveled. Then, he placed the shriveled slice in water. The slice regained its original shape. Based on the observations, which of these statements is correct?
The slice regained its shape because salt moved into the potato.
The potato slice shriveled because water moved from the salt solution into the slice.
The potato slice shriveled because water moved out of the slice into the salt solution.
The slice regained its shape because the concentration of salt inside and outside the slice became equal.
What would happen to a freshwater protozoan if removed from its normal habitat and placed into a saltwater pool?
loss of water through osmosis
gain of water through osmosis
loss of water through active transport
gain of water through active transport
If stranded on a deserted island with no freshwater, it is not advisable to drink sea water. Why not?
The salty snacks cause an ionic imbalance that triggers a nervous response.
The salt in the body creates a hypertonic solution around cells, which causes water to diffuse out of cells and make them crenate.
The salt in the body creates a hypotonic solution around cells, which causes water to diffuse into cells and make them cytolyse.
The salt in the body creates an isotonic solution around cells, which causes water to diffuse into and out of cells which makes them unstable.
Pickles are cucumbers preserved in a brine solution containing dill, alum, and salt. Cucumbers shrink to a fraction of their normal size in the pickle jar. This happens because of the relative salt content of the pickling solution, which is a(n) ___________ solution.
Osmotic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Which of the following characteristics describe prokaryotic cells? (Select 3)
Smaller cell type
No major organelles
Larger cell type
Major organelles
Simple
Which of the following characteristics describe eukaryotic cells? (Select 3)
Smaller cell type
No major organelles
Larger cell type
Major organelles
Complex
Which of the following structures is NOT found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Nucleus
Nucleic acid
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
When the concentration of solute and solvent are equal on both sides of the membrane.
Active Transport
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Passive Transport
A solution that causes a cell to shrink because of the high concentration of solute in the solution surrounding the cell.
Active Transport
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Passive Transport
A solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis.
Active Transport
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Passive Transport
Process requiring energy for the movement of particles across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient (low to high)
Active Transport
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Passive Transport
The process when molecules tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Osmosis
Solvent
Solute
Diffusion
This is a process in which water moves through a membrane, from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Osmosis
Solvent
Solute
Diffusion
The substance that is being dissolved by a solvent.
Osmosis
Solvent
Solute
Diffusion
The substance that dissolves the solute.
Osmosis
Solvent
Solute
Diffusion
Match the monomers below with the correct polymer:
monosaccharide
Nucleic acid
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Match the monomers below with the correct polymer:
Nucleotides
Nucleic acid
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Match the monomers below with the correct polymer:
Fatty acids & glycerol
Nucleic acid
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Match the monomers below with the correct polymer:
Amino acids
Nucleic acid
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins
The diagram below shows a monomer of an organic molecule. Which organic molecule has a structure made up of monomers similar to the one shown below?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
The diagram below shows a monomer of an organic molecule. Which organic molecule has a structure made up of monomers similar to the one shown below?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
The diagram below shows a monomer of an organic molecule. Which organic molecule has a structure made up of monomers similar to the one shown below?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
What would the following molecule be classified as?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Organic compounds must have which 2 elements to be considered organic?
Carbon
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Match the macromolecule with the type of food it can be found in:
Proteins
Pasta, breads, and fruits
Beef, steak, pork, eggs
Oil, butter, grease
Match the macromolecule with the type of food it can be found in:
Carbohydrates
Pasta, breads, and fruits
Beef, steak, pork, eggs
Oil, butter, grease
Match the macromolecule with the type of food it can be found in:
Lipids
Pasta, breads, and fruits
Beef, steak, pork, eggs
Oil, butter, grease
The unlabeled monomer of a nucleic acid is shown below. Correctly label the nucleotide.
13
Sugar
Nitrogen base
Phosphate Group
The unlabeled monomer of a nucleic acid is shown below. Correctly label the nucleotide.
14
Sugar
Nitrogen base
Phosphate Group
What do all macromolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids have in common?
They can all be broken down for energy
They have the exact same shape and structure
They are all made up of the same monomers
They all contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Susan spends a lot of time on boats and wants to waterproof her shoes. Which of the following substances would best be able to waterproof her shoes?
Keratin, a protein found in the skin
Wax, a lipid found in many plants and animals
Starch, a carbohydrate found in many plants
Collagen, a protein that makes up hair and nails
Match the function described below with the correct macromolecule:
Serves as a source of energy for cells
Match the function described below with the correct macromolecule:
Forms the cell membrane, a protective barrier around all cells
Match the function described below with the correct macromolecule:
Stores and transmits genetic information
Match the function described below with the correct macromolecule:
Carries oxygen in blood to body tissues and forms
Cells undergo differentiation during embyonic development. An individual skin cell develops differently from a muscle cell because
the cells have different DNA.
the cells have different genes.
the cells express different genes.
the cells have different chromosomes.
The above picture represents the different stages a cell goes through in its "lifetime." Specific genes within the DNA, called inhibitors, stop the cell cycle in G1 phase. This process helps to keep the DNA unaltered and the cells dividing at the correct rate. If cells continue through the cell cycle, uncontrolled, _________ may likely develop.
a tumor
diseases
extra DNA
birth defects
In mitosis of a single cell, the nucleus
Enlarges
Splits into two
Splits into four
Loses half its chromosomes
What is the part of the cell cycle process by which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus?
Cytokinesis
Meiosis
Mitosis
Telekinesis
Place the following levels of biological organization in the proper order, from smallest to largest. 1) Macromolecule 2) Tissue 3) Organ System 4) Organ 5) Cell
1, 5, 4, 3, 2
1, 2, 5, 4, 3
5, 1, 2, 4, 3
1, 5, 2, 4, 3
You are observing different tissue samples and classifying the cells into their respective stage in the cell cycle. What can you conclude about Sample B based on these observations?
Sample B Is is most likely cancerous because most of the cells are in interphase.
Sample B is most likely cancer tissue because most cells are in some stage of mitosis.
Sample B is most likely a normal tissue sample because most of the cells are in interphase.
Sample B is most likely a normal tissue sample because most cells are in some stage of mitosis.
The biological levels of organization range from a single organelle all the way up to the biosphere in a highly structured hierarchy. Your lab partner is struggling to understand the interaction between the levels in the biological hierarchy. Using the model, what explanations can your offer to help your classmate? Choose 4
R makes up Q which makes up P which makes up S.
Cells that work together make up tissues, which comprise organs.
Similar cells working together make up organs which make up organ systems.
In the model, the animal cells make up tissues such as muscle or connective tissue.
Organs, such as the stomach and intestines, make up organ systems which interact with one another to maintain homeostasis.
Mitosis is responsible for growth, repair, and maintenance in an organism because
it occurs at a faster rate than meiosis.
the chromosome number is reduced by half.
exact duplicates of each mother cell are produced.
it is the only process that involves replication of genetic material.
A student compares the four distinct cells that could form from the stem cell after differentiation. Which statement accurately compares and contrasts the red blood cell and the white blood cell?
The cells both have nuclei, but the red and white blood cells have different amounts of DNA.
The cells both have the same copy of DNA, but different genes are expressed in the two cell types.
The cells have the same proteins expressed, but the red and white blood cells have different functions.
The cells both have the same number of chromosomes, but the red and white blood cells have different mutations in their DNA.
According to cell theory, the cell is the basic unit of life. In multicellular eukaryotes, cells are organized into tissues made of different cell types that carry out specific functions. Review the model of how cells are organized in plants. Identify the missing label in this model.
leaf
organ
epidermis
photosynthetic tissue
Imagine that we recreated this model to represent a human rather than a plant. What would be a specific example of a tissue that we could include in our human model of cellular organization?
the heart
red blood cells
skeletal system
epidermis or skin
Stem cells begin to transform into different types of cells in the human body in a process known as cell
differentiation.
saponification.
separation.
speciation.
Which statement is true about organs in the human body?
They are always composed of only one type of specialized cell.
They are the basic unit of structure and function for the organism.
They are typically microscopic and function interdependently with other organs.
They are composed of multiple tissue types working together to perform a specific activity.
Why do multicellular eukaryotes need to regulate the genes that are expressed at any given time?
If they all expressed everything, they would not have enough mRNA.
It allows the cells to specialize and form more complex tissues.
That is the only way they can determine what DNA has been damaged.
There is a limited amount of protein that can fit in a cell at a time.
There are different types of muscle tissues in the human heart performing different functions. However, cells in these tissues contain the same DNA.
Why do these cells perform different functions even though they have the same genetic information?
Different cells have different parts of their DNA activated, which determines the proteins produced.
Different cells undergo different types of cell division, which determines how active their DNA is.
Different cells are in different environments, which causes mutations in DNA.
Different cells have different shapes, which alters the DNA found in the nuclei.
A student observed onion cells in various stages of cell division. The results of two samples are shown in the table.
Based upon the data, what can be correctly concluded?
Cell division in onion cells is highly regulated, with each cell dividing at the same time.
Onion cell division is slow compared to animal cells.
Onion cells spend more time in interphase than any other phase of the cell cycle.
Prophase is the longest phase of the cell cycle in onion cell division.
The diagram shows an important biological molecule going through the process of replication.
Which statement describes why the molecule is replicating?
When a cell divides, it is important for the new cells that are produced to have complete copies of DNA.
When a cell divides, it is important for the new cells that are produced to have their own copies of RNA to make proteins.
When a cell divides, it is important for the new cells that are produced to have multiple copies of protein.
When a cell divides, it is important for the new cells that are produced to have multiple copies of carbohydrates for cell respiration.
Budding is a form of reproduction that can be seen in simple animals. The new organism grows attached to the old one and does not separate until it is mature.
How would this new organism be described?
It contains genetic material that is identical to half of the parent.
It contains genetic material that is different from the parent.
It contains genetic material that is identical to the parent.
It contains genetic material that is two times the amount of the parent.
What is a fundamental difference between the cells of multicellular organisms and cells of unicellular organisms?
Cells of unicellular organisms cannot dispose of cell waste.
Multicellular organisms cannot reproduce by mitosis.
Unicellular organisms do not produce their own energy.
Cells of multicellular organisms can specialize.
Which illustration of reproduction is an example of budding?
Examine the diagram of a frog that has been dissected.
What is the highestlevel of organization that is visible in the frog?
organelles
organs
systems
tissues
1. DNA replication does not occur after Meiosis I. Why is it important that the nucleus does NOT make more DNA before the cells divide again?
It results in increased genetic diversity for the species.
It results in uneven division of the cytoplasm.
It results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parents.
It results in daughter cells with the haploid number of chromosomes
2. In which of the following cells would meiosis occur?
Liver cells
Nerve cells
Muscle cells
Reproductive cells
3. By which process do human liver cells (and all other somatic cells) regenerate themselves?
Mitosis
Meiosis
Budding
Conjugation
4. What type of cell is made during meiosis?
Brain
Stomach
Egg
Skin
5. Which of the following is a result of crossing over during Prophase I of meiosis?
Birth defects
Greater genetic variation
Offspring identical to parents
Larger number of offspring
6. How are mitosis & meiosis different from each other?
Unlike mitotic cells, meiotic cells undergo a single division to half their chromosome number, after which they undergo crossing over to restore their diploid state.
Unlike mitotic cells, meiotic cells undergo multiple divisions to produce several daughter cells that are identical to the parent cells.
Unlike mitotic cells, meiotic cells undergo pairing of homologous chromosomes, allowing centromeres to remain intact during both cellular divisions.
Unlike mitotic cells, meiotic cells undergo two divisions to produce haploid cells, allowing for genetic diversity in sexually reproducing organisms.
7. Which statement correctly describes asexual reproduction in sponges?
The organisms are producing genetically identical offspring through mitosis.
The organisms are producing genetically different offspring through mitosis.
The organisms are producing genetically identical offspring by combining DNA from two parents.
The organisms are producing genetically different offspring by combining DNA from two parents.
8. Which statement below best describes the purpose of meiosis in creating gametes?
To reduce the chromosome number and allow for genetically identical offspring.
To maintain the chromosome number and allow for genetically identical offspring.
To increase the chromosome number and allow for genetically unique offspring.
To reduce the chromosome number and allow for genetically unique offspring
9. Which of the following statements provides the best explanation for why sexual reproduction has an advantage over asexual reproduction in a hostile environment?
Because sexual reproduction results in identical offspring.
Because sexual reproduction results in larger numbers of offspring.
Because sexual reproduction produces a greater number of male offspring.
Because sexual reproduction provides greater genetic variation.
10. Which two ways explain how the process of meiosis produces offspring that are genetically different from parents?
The number of chromosomes is doubled in the offspring so that it has twice as much DNA as its parents.
Only one parent is needed to produce offspring by meiotic cell division.
The offspring receive genetic material from two parents with different DNA.
Crossing over during the process of meiosis produces additional variation in the DNA.
Meiosis preserves the number of chromosomes in the dividing cells so that they remain diploid.
The liver cells of an alligator have 32 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in an alligator sperm cell?
8
16
32
64
12. What process is shown in the diagram below?
Crossing over
Nondisjunction
Cytokinesis
Asexual reproduction
13. Why is the process shown below so important during meiosis?
It causes decreased genetic variation
It causes increased genetic variation
It causes a decreased chromosome number
It causes an increased chromosome number
14. The diagram below represents a dividing cell. Which cell reproduction process is illustrated in this diagram?
Mitosis
Meiosis
Replication
Binary fission
15. The following image shows a karyotype. How many chromosomes should be present at each number?
1
2
3
4
16. Look at the karyotype. Which statement below accurately describes the individual that this karyotype belongs to?
A normal female
A normal male
A male with Down syndrome
A female with Turner syndrome.
17. Which of the following could be considered an advantage of reproducing sexually using meiosis rather than asexually using mitosis?
Greater numbers of offspring can be produced
Crossing over in meiosis creates greater diversity in offspring
Only one parent is necessary to reproduce
The offspring will be identical to the parent
18. Look at the karyotype below. Which of the following statements accurately describes the individual this karyotype belongs to?
A normal male
A normal female
A male with an extra X chromosome
A female with an extra Y chromosome
19. The image below shows nondisjunction, which is a failure of chromosomes to separate correctly during meiosis. Which answer choice below correctly describes the number of chromosomes that would be present in each gamete?
A - 23; B - 22; C - 23; D - 24
A - 24; B - 24; C - 23; D - 23
A - 24; B - 24; C - 22; D - 22
A - 22; B - 22; C - 24; D - 24
20. Which of the following errors during meiosis can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter cells?
Nondisjunction
Deletion
Inversion
Addition
20. Which of the following errors during meiosis can lead to an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter cells?
Nondisjunction
Deletion
Inversion
Addition
In a certain species of insect, eye color is controlled by a single gene. The dominant allele (E) codes for black eyes, while the recessive allele (e) codes for red eyes.
How could two parents with black eyes have a red-eyed female offspring?
The parents are heterozygous for eye color, so their offspring must inherit the recessive allele from both parents.
The parents are homozygous recessive for eye color, so all of their offspring will inherit red eyes.
Since the offspring is female, it did not inherit any Y chromosomes with the gene for black eyes, and thus has red eyes.
Since the offspring is heterozygous for eye color, environmental factors are causing it to produce more red pigment than black, and thus has red eyes.
A homozygous tall pea plant (TT) is crossed with a heterozygous tall pea plant (Tt). Which statement is true about the offspring of this cross?
All of the offspring will have the same phenotype (short), but two different genotypes (Tt, tt).
All of the offspring will have the same phenotype (short) and the same genotype (tt).
All of the offspring will have the same phenotype (tall), but two different genotypes (TT,Tt).
All of the offspring will have the same phenotype (tall) and the same genotype (Tt).
The Punnett square shows the results of a cross between two people who are known carriers for the recessive genetic condition Tay-Sachs disease.
Which conclusion is supported by the results shown by the Punnett square?
There is a 100% chance that children born to these parents will be carriers for Tay-Sachs disease.
There is a 100% chance that children born to these parents will have Tay-Sachs disease.
There is a 25% chance that children born to these parents will be carriers for Tay-Sachs disease.
There is a 25% chance that children born to these parents will have Tay-Sachs disease.
In a species of mouse, brown fur (B) is dominant over white fur (b). If a heterozygous brown mouse is crossed with a white-colored mouse, what would be true of their possible offspring?
100% BB
25% BB, 25% bb, and 50% Bb
50% Bb and 50% bb
75% BB and 25% Bb
Hemophilia is a condition in which minor cuts and bruises can result in prolonged bleeding. Hemophilia is caused by a recessive allele for a sex-linked gene.
If a man who does not have hemophilia has a son with a woman who is a carrier for hemophilia, what are the chances that their son will have hemophilia?
0%
25%
50%
100%
Hunter syndrome is a serious sex-linked recessive disorder that leads to neurological problems and developmental delays. The gene that controls this trait is located on the X chromosome.
If two parents with the genotypes shown in this Punnett square have children, what is the expected phenotypic outcome?
There is a 100% chance that their sons will have the disorder, and a 50% chance that their daughters will have the disorder.
There is a 100% chance that their sons will have the disorder, and a 0% chance that their daughters will have the disorder.
There is a 50% chance that their sons will have the disorder, and a 50% chance that their daughters will have the disorder.
There is a 50% chance that their sons will have the disorder, and a 0% chance that their daughters will have the disorder.
Blood type is an example of a trait controlled by multiple alleles.
What will be the expected outcome for blood type among children born to parents according to this cross?
0% type A; 50% type AB; 0% type B; 50% type O
25% type A; 25% type AB; 25% type B; 25% type O
25% type A; 50% type AB; 25% type B; 0% type O
50% type A; 0% type AB; 50% type B; 0% type O
