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WorksheetsAdvanced Biology 2023 - Cells: Unit Exam
Total questions: 157
Worksheet time: 39hrs 15mins
Carbon has how many TOTAL electrons?
2
4
6
8
Carbon has how many VALENCE electrons? (Enter a number only)
(a)
Carbon always makes how many TOTAL bonds? (Enter only a number)
(a)
What are macromolecules? (Select 2 definitions, one using "small" and "large," and another using "monomer" and "polymer."
Polymers formed by linking monomers
Large molecules formed by linking small molecules
small molecules made up of larger subunits called atoms
Functions of Carbohydrates
store energy
provide barriers
provide structural support
transport substances
stores/ communicates genetic info
Functions of lipids
store energy
provide barriers
structural support
transport substance
speed up chemical reactions
Functions of Proteins
store energy
structural support
provide barriers
transport substances
speed up chemical reactions
Function of Nucleic Acids
store energy
provide barriers
structural support
transport substances
store/ communicate genetic info
Carbohydrates contain what elements?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Lipids contain what elements?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Proteins contain what elements?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Nucleic acids contain what elements?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Saccharide basically means
sweet
fat
sugar
salt
neutral charge
What is a disaccharide?
Two saccharides joined together
type of protein composed of two amino acid units joined together by a peptide bond.
a lipid composed of two fatty acid units joined together by an ester bond.
a nucleic acid composed of two nucleotide units joined together by a phosphodiester bond.
What is a polysaccharide?
A protein that consists of multiple amino acids bonded together.
Multiple saccharides joined together to create a long, branched chain
A lipid that consists of multiple fatty acids bonded together.
A nucleic acid that consists of multiple nucleotides bonded together.
What are you looking for when deciding if a fatty acid is unsaturated?
Straight shaped molecules
Bent-looking molecules
All single bonds between Carbons
Double bonds between Carbons
What is a Phospholipid?
A type of lipid that is responsible for the actions of cell membrane.
Nucleic Acids include...Check all
Fats
Waxes
DNA
RNA
Disaccharides
What are proteins?
Long straight chains of nucleotides
Long folded chains of amino acids
Short straight chains of lipids
Long branching chains of lipids
Nucelic Acids include... Check all
Fats
Waxes
DNA
RNA
Monosaccharides
Cells first observed by humans in the...
Early 1400s
Late 1500s
Mid 1600s
Late 1800s
Early 1990s
Where do all cells come from?
The division of other cells
How many cells are living things made from? CELL THEORY QUESTION
Always just 1
Usually just 1
Always many cells
Just one or many billions or trillions
What microscope was invented first?
Electron
Positron
Light or Photon
Graviton
What microscope magnifies things 500,000 times?
Graviton
Light or Photon
Positron
Electron
True or False: All cells, regardless of type, have a cell membrane.
True
False
Eukaryotes: CHECK ALL THAT APPLY
Larger
Smaller
Older/More ancient
Newer/More recent
Have organelle
The cell or plasma membrane is hard or brittle like an egg shell. It is not flexible for fluid.
True
False
What is a cell membrane?
Check ALL Boxes that are part of the cell or plasma membrane...
Transport proteins
DNA
Prokaryotes
Phospholipids
Marker proteins
A single phospholipid is _____ on the head end an _____ on the 2 tailed end
Polar and Nonpolar
Nonpolar and Nonpolar
Polar and Nonpolar
Nonpolar and polar
A phospholiopid bilayer is _____ on the on the outsides and _____ in the middle region
Polar and Nonpolar
Nonpolar and nonpolar
Polar and nonpolar
nonpolar and polar
This type of membrane protein identifies cells.
Receptor
Transport
Marker
Obnoxious
This type of membrane protein helps polar things enter or exit from the cell.
Receptor
Transport
Marker
Obnoxious
What term best describes the permeability of the cell membrane?
Impermeable
Selectively Permeable
Freely Permeable
Hypopermeable
What does selectively permeable mean?
Only 2 types of substances are allowed to pass through a membrane or barrier.
Diffusion and osmosis are (a) processes
The Na/K Pumps are (a) processes
What substance powers active transport in living organisms?
Water
Heat
ATP
Sugar
Light
Diffusion is when the _____ moves
Solute or "Stuff"
Solvent or "Water"
Solution
Osmosis is when the _________ moves.
Solute or "Stuff"
Solvent or "Water"
Solution
Diffusion of anything keeps occurring from high to low until what point is reached?
(a)
Using the shortcut phrase... Osmosis is just the diffusion of water towards
towards the side with more stuff
towards the side with less stuff
towards a side with the same amount of stuff
towards the bottom side
water doesn't move in osmosis
If a HYPOTONIC cell were placed in water... Water would
Move into the cell only
Move out of the cell only
Move into and out of the cell equally
Not move at all
If a HYPERTONIC cell were placed in water... Water would
Move into the cell only
Move out of the cell only
Move into and out of the cell equally
Not move at all
If an ISOTONIC cell were placed in water... Water would
Move into the cell only
Move out of the cell only
Move into and out of the cell equally
Not move at all
Check all that apply. PASSIVE Transport
Moves away from equilibrium
From high to low
No additional energy needed
From Low to High
Moves towards equilibrium
Check all that apply. ACTIVE Transport
From High to Low
From Low to High
No additional energy needed
Requires additional energy
Moves away from equilibrium
Cell Wall
A vesicle of enzymes that breaks down old worn out cell parts
Double layered structure that performs photosynthesis in plants
Inflexible barrier of cellulose that supports and protects the organism
Projections used for locomotion (moving) and feeding
A large vesicle used for the temporary storage of materials
Chloroplast
A vesicle of enzymes that breaks down old worn out cell parts
Double layered structure that performs photosynthesis in plants
Inflexible barrier of cellulose that supports and protects the organism
Projections used for locomotion (moving) and feeding
A large vesicle used for the temporary storage of materials
Cilia
A vesicle of enzymes that breaks down old worn out cell parts
Double layered structure that performs photosynthesis in plants
Inflexible barrier of cellulose that supports and protects the organism
Projections used for locomotion (moving) and feeding
A large vesicle used for the temporary storage of materials
Flagella
A vesicle of enzymes that breaks down old worn out cell parts
Double layered structure that performs photosynthesis in plants
Inflexible barrier of cellulose that supports and protects the organism
Projections used for locomotion (moving) and feeding
A large vesicle used for the temporary storage of materials
Plasma Membrane
A vesicle of enzymes that breaks down old worn out cell parts
Double layered structure that performs photosynthesis in plants
Inflexible barrier of cellulose that supports and protects the organism
Projections used for locomotion (moving) and feeding
A flexible boundary that controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell
Vacuole
A vesicle of enzymes that breaks down old worn out cell parts
Double layered structure that performs photosynthesis in plants
Inflexible barrier of cellulose that supports and protects the organism
Projections used for locomotion (moving) and feeding
A large vesicle used for the temporary storage of materials
Lysosome
A vesicle of enzymes that breaks down old worn out cell parts
Double layered structure that performs photosynthesis in plants
Inflexible barrier of cellulose that supports and protects the organism
Projections used for locomotion (moving) and feeding
A large vesicle used for the temporary storage of materials
Ribosome
This organelle provides energy for the rest of the cell
A framework (that supports the shape) for the cell found in the cytoplasm
Control center of cell and contains coded directions on how to make proteins
Pairs of structures important for cell division
Structures that make or synthesize protein
Nucleus
This organelle provides energy for the rest of the cell
A framework (that supports the shape) for the cell found in the cytoplasm
Control center of cell and contains coded directions on how to make proteins
Pairs of structures important for cell division
Structures that make or synthesize protein
Mitochondria
This organelle provides energy for the rest of the cell
A framework (that supports the shape) for the cell found in the cytoplasm
Control center of cell and contains coded directions on how to make proteins
Pairs of structures important for cell division
Structures that make or synthesize protein
Golgi Apparatus
This organelle provides energy for the rest of the cell
A framework (that supports the shape) for the cell found in the cytoplasm
Stack of membranes that packages and ships materials around or out of the cell
Pairs of structures important for cell division
Structures that make or synthesize protein
Endoplasmic Reticulum
This organelle provides energy for the rest of the cell
A framework (that supports the shape) for the cell found in the cytoplasm
Stack of membranes that packages and ships materials around or out of the cell
Highly folded set of membranes where many proteins are synthesized or made
Structures that make or synthesize protein
Cytoskeleton
This organelle provides energy for the rest of the cell
A framework (that supports the shape) for the cell found in the cytoplasm
Stack of membranes that packages and ships materials around or out of the cell
Highly folded set of membranes where many proteins are synthesized or made
Structures that make or synthesize protein
Centrioles
Pairs of structures important for cell division
A framework (that supports the shape) for the cell found in the cytoplasm
Stack of membranes that packages and ships materials around or out of the cell
Highly folded set of membranes where many proteins are synthesized or made
Structures that make or synthesize protein
ALL CELLS have what parts?
Cell Wall
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome
Lysosome
Membrane
ALL EUKARYOTIC CELLS have what parts?
Mitrochondria
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Cytoskeleton
ONLY PLANTS have what parts?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoskeleton
Chloroplasts
Lysosome
ONLY ANIMALS have what parts?
Centrioles
Mitochondria
Cytoskeleton
Chloroplasts
Lysosome
Cells first observed by humans in the...
Early 1400s
Late 1500s
Mid 1600s
Late 1800s
Early 1990s
Where do all cells come from? CELL THEORY QUESTION
How many cells are living things made from? CELL THEORY QUESTION
Always just one
Usually just one
Always many cells
Just one or many billions or trillions
What microscope was invented first?
Electron
Positron
Light or Photon
Graviton
What microscope magnifies things 500,000 times? What microscope magnifies things 500,000 times?
Graviton
Light or Photon
Positron
Electron
True or False: All cells, regardless of type, have a cell membrane.
True
False
Eukaryotes: CHECK ALL THAT APPLY
Larger
Smaller
Older
Newer
Have Organelle
Eukaryotes: CHECK ALL THAT APPLY
Larger
Smaller
Older
Newer
Have Organelle
The cell or plasma membrane is hard or brittle like an egg shell.
True
False
What is the cell membrane?
Check ALL Boxes that are part of the cell or plasma membrane
Transport Proteins
DNA
Prokaryotes
Phospholipids
Marker Proteins
A single phospholipid is ______ on the head end and ______ on the two tailed end.
Polar and Polar
Nonpolar and Nonpolar
Polar and Nonpolar
Nonpolar and Polar
The phospholipid bilayer is _______ on the outsides and ______ in the middle region.
Polar and Polar
Nonpolar and Nonpolar
Polar and Nonpolar
Nonpolar and Polar
This type of membrane protein identifies cells.
Receptor
Transport
Marker
Obnoxious
This type of membrane protein helps polar things enter or exit from the cell.
Receptor
Transport
Protein
Obnoxious
What term best describes the permeability of the cell membrane?
Impermeable
Selectively Permeable
Freely Permeable
Hypopermeable
What does selectively permeable mean?
What is energy?
Your body needs energy to do which of the following.
Pump Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) across membranes
Have thoughts = Brain function
Make body heat
Transport materials around inside of cells
Build large macromolecules from smaller molecules
The study of energy is called...
Energyology
Thermology
Energy dynamics
Thermodynamics
Energy can be transformed or converted into different forms according to
Cell Theory
1st Law
Conservation mechanics
2nd Law
All energy transformations make some, either a little or a lot, of heat according to
Cell Theory
1st law
Connservation Mechanics
2nd Law
Energy can NOT be created or destroyed according to
Cell Theory
1st Law
Thermo Mechanics
2nd Law
A plant would be an example of a
Jediautotroph
Chemoautotroph
Photoautotroph
Heterotroph
Multitroph
You would be an example of a
Jediautotroph
Chemoautotroph
Photoautotroph
Heterotroph
Multitroph
Catabolic Metabolism
Rearrange large molecules - Taking energy
Shrink already small molecules - Releasing energy
Builds large molecules from small ones - Takes energy
Breaks down large into small molecules - Releases energy
Anabolic Metabolism
Rearrange large molecules - Taking energy
Shrink already small molecules - Releasing energy
Builds large molecules from small ones - Takes energy
Breaks down large into small molecules - Releases energy
When an [ATP] is broken down into [ADP and Free Phosphate]
energy is released
energy is absorbed
equal amounts of energy are released and captured
no energy is involved in this process
Ignoring those bottom of the ocean Chemoautotrophic organisms...
All living things on Earth are powered by what?
(a)
Why do we need water?
It is the source of energy to make the process happen
It's the source of protons H+
It's the source of electrons e-
It's the source of neutrons
It's the source of Carbon
Why do we need light?
It is the source of energy to make the process happen
It's the source of protons H+
It's the source of electrons e-
It's the source of neutrons
It's the source of Carbon
Why do we need CO2?
It is the source of energy to make the process happen
It's the source of protons H+
It's the source of electrons e-
It's the source of neutrons
It's the source of Carbon
What are the parts of a chloroplast?
Stroma
Thylakoid
Centriole
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Granum
What takes place in the thylakoid membrane?
Night Reactions
Light-dependent reactions
Light-independent reactions
Melvin's Cycle
Calvin Cycle
What takes place in the stroma?
Night Reactions
Light-dependent reactions
Light-independent reactions
Melvin's Cycle
Calvin Cycle
A glucose molecules production requires how many CO2 molecules?
1
3
5
6
4
A glucose molecules production requires how many H2O molecules?
1
3
5
6
4
Photosystem II is responsible for what?
Water Splitting
Carbon Reducing
NADPH Producing
ATP Metabolizing
Lipid production
Photosystem I is responsible for what?
Water Splitting
Carbon Reducing
NADPH Producing
ATP Metabolizing
Lipid production
By the time plants are done, a water molecule has been broken down into what?
An Oxygen atom
Two Electrons
Three Carbon atoms
One Nitrogen atom
Two Protons
If two water molecules are split...
Then ____ protons will be freed
Then ____ electrons will be freed
And ____ oxygen molecule(s) will be made
# protons / # electrons / # oxygen molecules [EXAMPLE ONLY - DON'T PICK]
4 / 4 / 2
1 / 4 / 2
4 / 4 / 1
2 / 4 / 2
Protons are mainly used in the light dependent reactions to make what?
Water
ATP
NADPH
CO2
Light
Be as specific as possible.
The light dependent reactions take place...
Inside the stroma
In the plant cell
In a chlorpplast
On thylakoid disks
Inside the nucleus
The proton pump
Solar Panels
A Boat
Vacuum Cleaner
A Dam
A Dump Truck
The photosystems
Solar Panels
A Boat
Vacuum Cleaner
A Dam
A Dump Truck
The "ATP synthase"
Solar Panels
A Boat
Vacuum Cleaner
A Dam
A Dump Truck
What materials (made in the light dependent reactions ) do the light independent reactions use?
Said another way...
Light dependent reactions start with light energy and end with.
Water
CO2
ATP
NADPH
Oxygen
Other than (what you said for the previous question) the Calvin cycle also needs what?
(a)
The final step of the Calvin cycle and main goal of photosynthesis is to make what?
(a)
Chemistry is...
1.
2.
3.
(a)
All atoms have these three parts
Muons
Proton
Neutrons
Gluons
Electrons
All atoms have these three parts
Muons
Protons
Neutrons
Gluons
Electrons
The mass of a proton is
1 pound
1 kilogram
1 atomic mass unit
1.5 atomic mass units
2.4 atomic mass units
Elements can be broken down into simpler substances by...
Physical Processes
Chemical Processes
Both can break them down
Neither can break them down
Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by...
Physical Processes
Chemical Processes
Both can break them down
Neither can break them down
What elements do all living things contain?
P
N
O
H
C
Horizontal rows are called (a)
Vertical rows are called (a)
Isotopes are the same atom, just with a different number of what?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Ions are the same atom, just with a different number of what?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
All atoms of Silver have the same number of protons.
True
False
Isotopes could be
Positively or Negatively charged
Radioactive
Massless
Plotting to take over the world
Compounds could be made from... Check ALL that apply.
just one type of atom
two types of atoms
three types of atoms
four types of atoms
Compounds always have FIXED ratios
True
False
Compounds and the elements within them have the SAME properties.
True
False
Compounds can be broken down physically.
True
False
Ionic bonds (a) electrons
Covalent bonds (a) electrons
Ionic bonds make ___________________________
Solutions
Solvents
Ionic compounds
Molecules
Covalent bonds make ___________________________
Solutions
Solvents
Ionic compounds
Molecules
The 1st inner energy level wants (a) electrons. (how many? only type the number.)
The other outer energy levels want (a) to be stable. (how many? only type the number.)
This is showing what type of bond?
(a)
This is showing what type of bond?
(a)
Check all PHYSICAL reactions
Burning wood
Chopping wood
Drilling a hole in metal
Rusting metal
Dissolving sugar in water
ALL chemical reactions START with one or more ___________.
Reactants
Solvents
Ions
Products
Isotopes
ALL chemical reactions START with one or more ___________.
Reactants
Solvents
Ions
Products
Isotopes
Inter is the prefix for
Big
Small
Within
Between
Intra is the prefix for
Big
Small
Within
Between
Is water a polar molecule?
Yes
No
Only when around other water molecules
The oxygen side of the water molecule has a _________ charge.
Negative
Positive
Neutral
What molecular force holds the three atoms of one water molecule together?
Inter
Intra
What molecular force holds multiple water molecules in close proximity.
Inter
Intra
Will two nonpolar molecules interact by sticking?
Yes
No
Will one polar and one nonpolar molecules interact by sticking?
Yes
No
Will two polar molecules interact by sticking?
Yes
No
Water can stick to a towel (other thing) by...
Coheed and Cambria
Cohesion
Adhesion
Magnetism
Radiation
A homogeneous mixture goes by another name... They can also be called...
Suspensions
Colloids
Solutions
Salutations
Two samples taken from a homogeneous mixture would what?
Be the same
Be a little alike
Be very differnt
Be absolutely different
Acids donate what when placed in water
Love
Kindness
Protons
Electrons
Money
Any base has a pH number above (a) .
