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Endocrine, Circulatory and Respiratory Summative Review

Total questions: 124

Worksheet time: 3hrs 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

endo- means:

a)

end

b)

beside

c)

within

d)

behind

2.

gluc/o means:

a)

glue

b)

pancreas

c)

stomach

d)

sugar

3.

exo- means:

a)

extra

b)

without

c)

outward

d)

exit

4.

-crine means:

a)

to process

b)

to secrete

c)

hormone

d)

transfer

5.

ren/o means:

a)

outward

b)

inward

c)

retract

d)

kidney

6.

aden/o means:

a)

to secrete

b)

gland

c)

kidney

d)

cortex

7.

Endocrine glands secrete _

a)

Hormones

b)

Neurotransmitters

c)

A wide range of chemical substances

8.

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

a)

It creates chemicals, or hormones, that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

b)

It creates electrical messages that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

c)

It maintains the correct level of oxygen in the body to maintain homeostasis.

d)

It releases waste from the body to maintain homeostasis.

9.
An organ that produces secretions called hormones is known as a :
a)
chemical
b)
gland
c)
hormone
d)
duct
10.
This gland is located between the lungs behind the sternum and secretes thymosin that helps mature WBC's in our bodies when we are children. 
a)
thyroid
b)
parathyroid
c)
thymus
d)
brain stem
11.
What is gland #3?
a)
Adrenal Gland
b)
Pancreas
c)
Ovaries
d)
Testes
12.
Letter H is pointing to
a)
Thymus
b)
Pancreas
c)
Pituitary
d)
Pineal
13.
Letter I is pointing to
a)
Testes
b)
Oviducts
c)
Ovaries
d)
Adrenals
14.

Letter J is pointing to

a)

Ovaries

b)

Pineal Gland

c)

Adrenal

d)

Testes

15.

The gland labeled 4 in the diagram is?

a)

the thymus gland

b)

the thyroid gland

c)

the parathyroid glands

d)

the adrenal glands

16.

The process by which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the external environment.

a)

Positive Feedback

b)

Negative Feedback

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Targeted Cells

17.
The "effect" of a given stimulus is the...
a)
response
b)
stimulus
c)
cause
d)
result
18.
The "cause" for something to happen is the
a)
response
b)
effect
c)
stimulus
d)
homeostasis
19.
Negative Feedback Loops:
a)
amplify processes
b)
prevent small changes from getting larger
c)
are initiated during childbirth
d)
are found only in plants
20.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative 
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
21.

When you get cut, your skin cells release hormones that signal platelets to come and stop the bleeding. Platelets then release more hormones that signal even more platelets to help stop bleeding. The hormone signals continue until the cut is closed. This is an example of what type of feedback?

a)

Positive Feedback Response

b)

Negative Feedback Loop

22.

Cells that have receptors for a particular hormone.

a)

gland cells

b)

neurons

c)

hormones

d)

target cells

23.

This structure releases what hormones?

a)

insulin and glucagon

b)

calcitonin and estrogen

c)

Parathyroid hormone and antidiuretic hormone

d)

epinephrine and testosterone

24.

The _________________ gland(s) sit on top of the kidneys, protect us from stress and produce cortisol (adrenaline).

a)

thyroid

b)

pituitary

c)

parathyroid

d)

adrenal

25.

The ____________________ gland(s) are found behind the thyroid and control the calcium in the blood and bones.

a)

testes

b)

ovaries

c)

adrenal

d)

parathyroid

26.

The ____________________ gland(s) is found in the neck and controls the rate of energy needed (metabolism), shaped like a butterfly.

a)

pituitary

b)

parathyroid

c)

thyroid

d)

adrenal

27.

Too much human growth hormone in children causes ______________________.

a)

dwarfism

b)

goiter

c)

gigantism

d)

tall syndrome

28.

Too little human growth hormone in children causes _____________________.

a)

dwarfism

b)

acromegaly

c)

gigantism

d)

short syndrome

29.

The __________________gland(s) is found under the brain and produces eight very important hormones - called the BOSS gland.

a)

thyroid

b)

parathyroid

c)

adrenal

d)

pituitary

30.

The testes produce ___________________.

a)

estrogen

b)

lactating hormone

c)

progesterone

d)

testosterone

31.

__________________________ keeps bones strong and creates female characteristics.

a)

androgen

b)

testosterone

c)

estrogen

d)

progesterone

32.

Feedback loops are special processes in the endocrine system that tell the body when to start and stop making _____________.

a)

glands

b)

energy

c)

hormones

d)

blood cells

33.

Regulation of body processes is the function of the __________________________ system.

a)

nervous

b)

lymphatic

c)

endocrine

d)

digestive

34.

__________________________ are specialized groups of cells that produce hormones and release them into the blood stream.

a)

tissues

b)

neurons

c)

nephrons

d)

glands

35.

What organ makes insulin to regulate blood sugar?

a)

thyroid

b)

pancreas

c)

glands

d)

pineal

36.

The endocrine system works to maintain stable internal conditions (balance).

a)

Hormones

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Hypothyroidism

d)

Hidrosis

37.

Cells in the body that contain receptors that match certain hormones.

a)

Target Cells

b)

Receptors

c)

Glands

d)

Thymus

38.
What is the main organ of the circulatory system?
a)
Bladder
b)
Heart
c)
Veins
d)
Arteries
39.
The inner layer in the wall of the heart
a)
endocardium
b)
myocardium
c)
epicardium
d)
septum
40.
This layer encloses (surrounds) the heart
a)
myocardium
b)
pericardium
c)
endocardium
d)
epicardium
41.
What is the aorta?
a)
a muscular tube
b)
regulate blood flow
c)
a small vein
d)
the main artery of the body
42.
The name of the arteries that feed the heart muscle
a)
capillaries
b)
coronary
c)
chordae tendineae
d)
coronary sinus
43.
The name given to the study of the heart structure and function
a)
cardiology
b)
epidemiology
c)
endocrinology
d)
biology
44.
The muscular system interacts with the ____ system because the heart is a muscle and it pumps blood to every cell in our body.
a)
excretory
b)
endocrine
c)
digestive
d)
circulatory
45.
Arteri/o
a)
Vessel
b)
Artery
c)
Vein
d)
Capillary
46.
Myocardial Infarction is AKA a ________
a)
blood clot
b)
heart attack
c)
heart inflammation
d)
muscle
47.
Thromb/o means
a)
vessel
b)
artery
c)
blood clot
d)
vein
48.
Arteriosclerosis is ...
a)
blood clot in the heart
b)
thickening of vessel walls
c)
surgery for arteries
49.

Where would you NOT find epithelial tissue?

a)

skin

b)

glands

c)

heart

d)

lining of hollow organs

50.
Why are the walls of the left ventricle thicker than that of the right ventricle?
a)
The left ventricle must force blood into all the capillaries of the lungs 
b)
the left ventricle doesn't skip leg day
c)
This is false, the walls of the right ventricle are thicker
d)
Blood from the left ventricle is pumped throught the entire body 
51.
Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
a)
Right Ventricle
b)
Left Ventricle
c)
Right Atrium
d)
Left Atrium
52.
A flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward
a)
Aorta
b)
Atrium
c)
Septum
d)
Valve
53.

Which one speed up the heart beat rate

a)

more carbon dioxide

b)

more oxygen

c)

lack of adrenalin

d)

all of the above

54.
Separates the chambers of the heart.
a)
mitral valve
b)
septum
c)
aortic valve
55.
When the heart rate is more than 100 beats per minute.
a)
Tachycardia  
b)
Bradycardia
c)
Hyperventilation
56.
When the heart rate is less than 60 beats per minute.
a)
Bradycardia  
b)
Tachycardia
c)
Leukemia
57.
When the heart rate is more than 100 beats per minute.
a)
Tachycardia  
b)
Bradycardia
c)
Hyperventilation
58.
When the heart rate is less than 60 beats per minute.
a)
Bradycardia  
b)
Tachycardia
c)
Leukemia
59.

Blood clots can cause a heart attack

a)

True

b)

False

60.
Name this part.
a)
Right atrium
b)
Left ventricle
c)
Right ventricle
d)
Left atrium
61.
Name this part.
a)
Left ventricle
b)
Pulmonary artery
c)
Right atrium
d)
Pulmonary veins
62.

These vessels carry blood away from the heart.

a)

arteries

b)

veins

c)

capillaries

d)

superior vena cava

63.

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in these vessels.

a)

arteries

b)

veins

c)

inferior vena cava

d)

lung capillaries

64.

Brings blood to the heart from the upper portion of the body.

a)

pulmonary artery

b)

superior vena cava

c)

pulmonary vein

d)

inferior vena cava

65.

Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

a)

tricuspid valve

b)

mitral valve

c)

pulmonary valve

d)

aortic valve

66.

These vessels carry blood to each lung from the right ventricle.

a)

superior vena cava

b)

pulmonary arteries

c)

pulmonary veins

d)

aorta

67.

Blood in the right atrium:

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

68.

Blood in the left ventricle:

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

69.

Blood in the pulmonary artery:

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

70.

Blood in the pulmonary veins:

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

71.

Blood in the aorta:

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

72.

Blood in the left atrium:

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

73.

Blood in the Inferior Vena Cava:

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

74.

Which of the following is NOT a typical early sign or symptom of a myocardial infarction?

a)

bradycardia

b)

persistent chest pain, radiating to the left arm

c)

pallor

d)

rapid, weak pulse

75.

The heart is made of ______ muscle

a)

skeletal

b)

cardiac

c)

smooth

76.

One of the body's largest blood vessels that transports blood from the body region below the diaphragm to the heart

a)

superior vena cava

b)

inferior vena cava

c)

pulmonary trunk

d)

pulmonary veins

77.

These are the smallest blood vessels with the thinnest walls in order to maximize diffusion of nutrients in and out of the interstitial fluid

a)

arteries

b)

veins

c)

capillaries

d)

aorta

78.

What makes up around 55% of the blood?

a)

Plasma

b)

Red Blood Cells

c)

White Blood Cells

d)

Platelets

79.

What carries oxygen around the body?

a)

Plasma

b)

Red Blood Cells

c)

Platelets

d)

White Blood Cells

80.

What causes the blood to be the distinct red colour?

a)

Haemoglobin

b)

Glucose

c)

Hormones

d)

Oxygen

81.

What is the function (job) of the plasma?

a)

To release antibodies to fight infections.

b)

To transport oxygen around the body.

c)

To carry dissolved nutrients and sugars.

d)

To transport oxygen around the body.

82.

What part of the respiratory system is shown in the picture?

a)

trachea

b)

lungs

c)

alveoli

d)

pharynx

83.

Which structure closes off the trachea during swallowing?

a)

glottis

b)

epiglottis

c)

esophagus

d)

palate

84.

The larynx:

a)

contains vocal cords

b)

is a muscle

c)

helps digest food

d)

contains alveoli

85.

The diaphragm:

a)

is the membrane around the lungs

b)

contracts and relaxes when you breathe in and out

c)

absorbs oxygen

d)

All of these

86.
Muscle below lungs
a)
intercostals
b)
transverse abdominis
c)
diaphragm
d)
liver
87.
The two main branches from the trachea (one to each lung)
a)
bronchi
b)
alveoli
c)
capillaries
d)
bronchioles
88.
What is tube that is also known as your wind pipe?
a)
esophogus
b)
bronchi
c)
trachea
d)
alveoli
89.

The passageway that is shared by both the digestive and respiratory system is the:

a)

larynx

b)

pharynx

c)

trachea

d)

nose

90.
Inhale!!!!
Your lungs are ___________  air
a)
taking in
b)
letting out
91.
EXHALE!!!
My lungs are __________________ air. 
a)
taking in
b)
letting out
92.
When you inspire the ribs move....
a)
Up and out
b)
Up and in
c)
Down and out
d)
Down and in
93.

The first place air enters in the respiratory system is

a)

trachea

b)

primary bronchus

c)

pharynx

d)

nostrils

94.

Humans can make sounds by controlling air moving over the:

a)

vocal cords

b)

pleural membranes

c)

sinuses

d)

trachea

95.

This structure produces mucus that moistens the nose and traps dirt and germs:

a)

sinuses

b)

bronchi

c)

larynx

d)

pharynx

96.
What is the volume that remains in the lungs even after a forceful exhale
a)
expiratory reserve
b)
residual volume
c)
inspiratory reserve
d)
total lung capacity
97.
The volume of a normal breath 
a)
3000mL
b)
2400mL
c)
1200mL
d)
500mL
98.
When you breathe, your lungs take in ___ and remove ___. 
a)
air/oxygen
b)
oxygen/carbon dioxide 
c)
carbon dioxide/waste 
d)
waste/air 
99.
Given the following structures:
1. larynx
2. nasal cavity
3. pharynx
4. trachea
Which of the following is the correct order that air would flow during inhalation. 
a)
1,2,3,4
b)
2,3,1,4
c)
2,1,3,4
d)
4,2,3,1 
100.
The left lung has three lobes and the right lung has two. 
a)
True
b)
False
101.

What organ of the respiratory system is in blue.

a)

pharynx

b)

trachea

c)

larynx

d)

epiglottis

102.

What organ of the respiratory system is in purple.

a)

pharynx

b)

trachea

c)

larynx

d)

epiglottis

103.

What do we let out when we exhale?

a)

oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

lungs

104.

What are leukocytes?

a)

red blood vessels

b)

plasma

c)

white blood cells

d)

platelest

105.

What are the 4 major blood types?

a)

Blood type A

b)

Blood type B

c)

Blood type C

d)

Blood type AB

e)

Blood type O

106.

Name the proteins on the surface of red blood cells.

a)

Antibodies

b)

Antigens

c)

Plasma

d)

Collagen

107.

What type of antigens can be found on the surface of RBC's when someone has blood type O?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

AB

d)

none

108.

Where are antibodies located?

a)

surface of red blood cells

b)

surface of white blood cells

c)

plasma

d)

surface of platelets

109.

Someone with blood type B has B antigens on their RBC's and B antibodies in their plasma.

a)

true

b)

false

110.

What antibodies can be found in the plasma when someone has blood type A?

a)

none

b)

A

c)

B

d)

A and B

111.

Why is AB blood type unique?

a)

can only have RH antigens

b)

doesn't have any A nor B antigens on the RBC's

c)

doesn't produce A nor B antigens

d)

doesn't produce A nor B antibodies

112.
Universal blood donors have type ______ blood.
a)
A
b)
AB
c)
B
d)
O
113.

What is the function of white blood cells?

a)

carry oxygen

b)

fight infection

c)

carry nutrients

d)

clot blood

114.

What are the components of blood?

a)

white blood cells

b)

red blood cells

c)

platelets

d)

plasma

115.

Vasodilation is

a)

the process of diffusion of blood into the heart

b)

the process of forming new blood cells

c)

the process of dilating blood vessels

d)

the process of expanding blood vessels

116.

What process narrows blood vessels diameter.

a)

vasodilation

b)

vasoconstriction

c)

vasocompression

d)

vasocontraction

117.

What cells produce antibodies?

a)

red blood cells

b)

white blood cells

c)

Plasma cells

d)

Platelets

118.

If a person's erythrocytes have the "A" antigen, then their blood type is definitely

a)

A

b)

A or O

c)

A or AB

d)

B or O

119.

If a person's erythrocytes have the "D" antigen (usually called the "Rh" antigen) then they are

a)

Rh positive

b)

Rh negative

c)

D positive

d)

D negative

120.

If you are type O -, you can only receive blood from someone who is

a)

O -

b)

B -

c)

A -

d)

O +

121.

If you are type O -, you can donate blood to someone who is

a)

AB +

b)

A -

c)

B +

d)

O +

122.

If you are type A+, you can donate blood to someone who is

a)

AB +

b)

A -

c)

AB -

d)

O +

123.

If you are type B+, you can receive blood from someone who is

a)

AB -

b)

B -

c)

A -

d)

O +

124.

Can an AB+ person be the recipient of AB- blood?

a)

yes

b)

no

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