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Fall FINAL EXAM REVIEW

Total questions: 156

Worksheet time: 2hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Producers are ...

a)

plants

b)

able to do photosynthesis

c)

also called autotrophs

d)

all of these are true

2.
What organism consumes both rabbits and birds?
a)
The Hawk
b)
The Wolf
c)
The Plant
d)
The Mushroom
3.

What would happen to the rabbit population if the fox population moved out of the area represented by the food web?

a)

The rabbit population would increase

b)

The rabbit population would decrease

c)

The rabbit population would neither increase nor decrease

4.

What molecules are in nucleotides?

a)

Phosphate group

b)

Protein

c)

Sugar

d)

lipid

e)

Nitrogenous base

5.

Which molecules make up the "backbone" of DNA and RNA?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate group

c)

Nucleotide base

6.

Thymine will bond with...

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

7.

Guanine will bond with...

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

8.

What is "B"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

9.

What is "C"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

10.

What is the complimentary sequence of the following sequence:

GATCAG

a)

TGACAT

b)

GACATG

c)

CTAGTC

d)

CGACTA

11.

If an organism has 24 chromosomes in a body cell, how many will each daughter cell have at the end of meiosis?

a)

6

b)

12

c)

23

d)

24

12.

Which part of meiosis produces diversity in gametes?

a)

DNA replication

b)

Prophase

c)

Crossing-over

d)

Cytokinesis

13.

The failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate "normally" during meiosis is called _____________________.

a)

nondisjunction

b)

anaphase I

c)

nondiploidy

d)

karyotype

14.

What type of dominance is shown in the picture?

a)

Complete dominance

b)

Incomplete dominance

c)

Codominance

15.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
16.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
17.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
18.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
19.
Which of the following is homozygous dominant?
a)
Yy
b)
Y
c)
yy
d)
YY
20.
Which of the following is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
21.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
transgender 
d)
all of the above
22.
If you have a parent who has GgBb as their genotype, what are the possible alleles they could donate to their gametes?
a)
GB, Gb, gB, gb
b)
GB, GB, gb, gb
c)
Gb, Gb, Gb, GB
d)
GG, BB, gg, bb
23.
T4 - What genotype is missing from this Punnett Square?
a)
RrYy
b)
RRYY
c)
rryy
d)
RrYY
24.
T4 - Based off this Punnett Square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
25.
Long tongues (T) are dominant to short tongues in green tree frogs.  What is the probability that two frogs that are heterozygous for long tongues could produce offspring with short tongues?
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
26.
In cacti, long arms (A) are dominant to short arms (a).  Suppose 2 heterozygous cacti are crossed.  What percentage of their offspring are expected to have short arms?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
100%
27.
A pearlfish spends the day inside the alimentary tract, or intestines, of a sea cucumber. The fish emerges from the sea cucumber at night to feed on small crustaceans. The pearlfish gets a safe place to live. The sea cucumber does not gain anything from the relationship, nor is it harmed. 
a)
Mutualism
b)
Commensalism
c)
Parasitism
28.
A cymothoid isopod lives inside the mouth of a snapper fish. The isopod severs blood vessels in the fish’s tongue, causing the tongue to atrophy and degenerate.The isopod then hooks its pereopods, or legs, to the base of the fish’s tongue,essentially replacing the tongue. The isopod stays there for the rest of its life, feeding on blood, mucus, and stray pieces of food from the fish.
a)
Commensalism
b)
Parasitism
c)
Mutualism
29.
A boxer crab carries a pair of small anemones in its chelipeds, or claws. When approached by a predator, the crab waves the stinging tentacles of the anemones to deter the predator. The anemones benefit from the small particles of food dropped by the crab during feeding. 
a)
Commensalism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Parasitism
30.
Corals feed off the byproducts of a microscopic algae living within their own tissue,called zooxanthellae. The photosynthetic activity of the algae is vital to the survival of the coral animals, which use the energy to extract calcium from the seawater and build their calcareous skeletons. The zooxanthellae are protected by the hard coral and obtain plant nutrients from the coral. 
a)
Mutualism
b)
Commensalism
c)
Parasitism
31.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

a)

To control what comes in and out of the cell

b)

To break down food inside the cell

c)

to serve as a barrier

d)

to eat the cells food

32.

Which organelle produces the energy a cell needs to carry out its function

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Golgi Bodies

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleus

33.

Ribosomes build?

a)

Cakes

b)

Pies

c)

Fences

d)

Proteins

34.
Produces energy in the form of ATP for the cell.
a)
chloroplast
b)
mitochondria
c)
ribosome 
d)
nucleus
35.
Controls cell functions because DNA is stored here.
a)
nucleus
b)
nucleolus
c)
ribosome
d)
cholorplast
36.
Site of protein synthesis.
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
vacuole
d)
ribomsome
37.
Stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, & carbohydrates.
a)
ribosome
b)
lysosome
c)
vacuole
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
38.
Contains digestive enzymes to break down worn out parts of the cell.
a)
vacuole
b)
lysosome
c)
ribosome
d)
nucleolus
39.
Which 2 organelles are only found in plant cells?
a)
chloroplast and mitochondria
b)
chloroplast and cell membrane
c)
mitochondria and cell wall
d)
chloroplast and cell wall
40.
What structure is 1 pointing to?
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
cell membrane
d)
golgi apparatus
41.
jello-like material, fills the space between cell organelles, is where many chemical reactions occur
a)
cytoplasm
b)
chromatin
c)
chloroplast
d)
cell membrane
42.
What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
43.

Which organelle captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce food in plant cells?

a)

mitochodria

b)

cell membrane

c)

chloroplast

d)

centrioles

44.
Which of these is part of the cell theory
a)
Every living thing is made of cells
b)
Everything with cells will die
c)
All cells have a nucleus
d)
Plant cells and Animal cells have some differences
45.
Which of these is part of the cell theory
a)
Cells are the basic unit of life
b)
Only plant cells have a Chloroplast
c)
All cells have a nucleus
d)
Animal cells are round and blob like
46.

In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Carnivores

c)

Herbivores

d)

Top Predator

47.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
48.

What is the average amount of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next?

a)

90%

b)

10%

c)

20%

d)

50%

49.

The 10% rule states that 10% of energy moves from each trophic level to the next.

In the pyramid, if the producers level contains 1234 kilocalories, how many kilocalories are transferred to the primary consumer level?

a)

123.4

b)

1.234

c)

1234

d)

1234

50.

Place the trophic levels in order from "receives the most energy" to "receives the least energy".

a)

producers

b)

primary consumers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

tertiary consumers

e)

decomposers

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
51.

If the producers have 1,000 joules of energy, click on the level that will have 100 joules.

52.

Heterotrophs are also known as...

a)

producers

b)

consumers

53.

Click all examples of heterotrophs

a)

plants

b)

animals

c)

bacteria

d)

some types of fungi and protists

54.

What is the name of the process that autotrophs or producers use to make food?

a)

cellular respiration

b)

photosynthesis

c)

photo respiration

d)

cellularsynthesis

55.
A decomposer?
a)
Eats dead plants or animals and breaks down to put nutrients in the soil
b)
Eats plants or other animals for food
c)
Makes its own food
d)
Machine that gathers trash
56.
Fungi. Is it a...
a)
Producer
b)
Consumer
c)
Decomposer
57.

A cactus

a)

Biotic factor

b)

Abiotic factor

58.

Air

a)

Biotic factor

b)

Abiotic factor

59.

Climate

a)

Biotic factor

b)

Abiotic factor

60.

Precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, hail)

a)

Biotic factor

b)

Abiotic factor

61.

A deciduous tree

a)

Biotic factor

b)

Abiotic factor

62.

All living things or organisms in an ecosystem are

a)

None

b)

biotic factors

c)

abiotic factors

63.
What is the solvent in a solution of kool-aid and water?
a)
glass
b)
kool-aid
c)
water
64.
The pH scale is a range from:
a)
1-7
b)
0-14
c)
1-5
d)
1-20
65.
A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7
a)
Acid
b)
Alkaline
c)
Base
d)
Buffer
66.
A(n) _______ is a substance with a pH greater than 7.
a)
Base
b)
Acid
c)
Buffer
d)
Water
67.
The particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom are _____.
a)
Neutrons and electrons
b)
Electrons only
c)
Protons and neutrons
d)
Protons and electrons
68.
Where are electrons of an atom found?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Electron Cloud
c)
Some are in the nucleus and some in the electron cloud.
d)
They are moving everywhere.
69.
What are the 3 particles that make-up the atom?
a)
Protons, neutrons, and isotopes
b)
Neutrons, isotopes, and electrons
c)
Positives, negatives, and electrons
d)
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
70.

What is the molecular structure of water?

a)

1 Hydrogen

2 Oxygen

b)

1 Hydrogen

1 Oxygen

c)

2 Hydrogen

2 Oxygen

d)

2 Hydrogen

1 Oxygen

71.

Which side of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Hydrogen

c)

It's all positive

d)

It's all negative

72.

Which side of the water molecule has a slightly negative charge?

a)

It's all negative

b)

It's all positive

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Oxygen

73.

What is the property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force, due to the cohesive nature of its molecules?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Surface Tension

c)

Adhesion

d)

Polarity

74.

What is Cohesion?

a)

Water molecules ability to stick to each other

b)

Water molecules ability to stick to other surfaces

c)

Water molecules ability to conduct electricity

d)

Water molecules ability to melt

75.

What is Adhesion?

a)

Water molecules ability to stick to each other

b)

Water molecules ability to stick to other surfaces

c)

Water molecules ability to conduct electricity

d)

Water molecules ability to melt

76.

What water phenomenon can be observed in this photo?

a)

Water dissolving

b)

Capillary Action

c)

Chemical Reaction

d)

Photosynthesis

77.

How is this lizard able to run across water?

a)

Capillary Action

b)

The lizard is really light

c)

The water is a little frozen

d)

Surface Tension

78.

Enzymes are

a)

Lipids

b)

Protein

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

79.

Enzymes are responsible for-

a)

Speeding up reactions

b)

Giving the body energy

c)

Slowing down reactions

80.

Letter D...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

81.

Letter B...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

82.

Letter c...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

83.

What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?

a)

reusable

b)

catalyst

c)

specific

d)

fragile

84.

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

a)

The enzymes die.

b)

The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature

c)

The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.

d)

The enzymes remain the same

85.

Label the parts of the enzyme model

86.

Click on the temperature that this enzyme is having optimum activity.

87.

Match the following Macromolecules to its structure

a)
1.

Carbohydrate

b)
2.

Lipid

c)
3.

Nucleic Acids

d)
4.

Protein

88.

Emigration is

a)

the movement out of an area

b)

the movement into an area

c)

movement in and out of an area

d)

migration

89.

What is an example of a density-independent (Abiotic) limiting factor?

a)

food

b)

parasites

c)

disease

d)

pollution

90.

What is the arrow pointing at?

a)

carrying capacity

b)

biotic potential

c)

density-independent

d)

density dependent

91.

(Im)migration is ...

a)

the movement into an area

b)

The movement out of an area

c)

The migration process

d)

exponential graph

92.

What is the carrying capacity mean?

a)

The number of individuals an area can carry

b)

the number of births

c)

The number of deaths an area has

d)

not sure

93.

The exponential graph is a graph that shows us population size increasing quickly, which one below shows us that

a)
b)
c)
d)
94.

One of the factors that can change the size of population is....

a)

Name of schools

b)

Number of dezs

c)

Jobs

d)

Numbers of births

95.

Why don't populations grow indefinitely?

a)

limiting factors

b)

only biotic factors

c)

only abiotic factors

d)

none of the above

96.
Identify the process shown in this diagram.
a)
Extinction
b)
Toxin Accumulation
c)
Pollution
d)
Biomagnification
97.
What do the small dots in the picture represent?
a)
DDT 
b)
Food
c)
Energy
d)
Biomass
98.
Which organism in this diagram has the highest DDT concentration?
a)
Zooplanktons
b)
small fish
c)
large fish
d)
Fish-eating birds
99.
Which structures shown in the Figure make up the ADP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
A, B and C
c)
A, B, C, and D
d)
C and D
100.
Which bond of the ATP molecule is broken in order to release energy?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
101.
Which structures shown in the Figure make up the ATP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
A, B and C
c)
A, B, C, and D
d)
C and D
102.

What do plants need for photosynthesis?

a)

Sunlight and C02

b)

Oxygen and fertilizer

103.
What is the pigment in chloroplasts that performs photosynthesis?
a)
Chlorosynthesis
b)
Chlorophyll
c)
ADP
d)
Electron Transport
104.
The interior space of the chloroplast is called:
a)
Lamellae
b)
Grana
c)
Stroma
d)
Thylakoids
105.
Where does the light independent reaction take place?
a)
Matrix
b)
Stroma
c)
Thylakoid membrane
d)
Cytoplasm
106.

Which of the following equations represents the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

a)

6O2+ 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2

b)

C6H12O6 + 6H2O→ 6O2+ 6O2

c)

6CO2+ 6H2O→ C6H12O6+ 6O2

d)

6O2 + 6H2O→ C6H12O6 + 6CO2

107.
What are the two products of the light reactions that are needed for the calvin cycle?
a)
NAD and NADPH
b)
NADP + and Glucose
c)
NADPH and ATP
d)
Oxygen and NADPH
108.

what are the inputs of the calvin cycle?

a)

NADPH

b)

ATP

c)

CO2

d)

H2O

e)

chlorophyll

109.

Which biomolecules (THREE) are found in the cell membrane?

a)

lipids

b)

proteins

c)

nucleic acids

d)

carbohydrates

110.

Which biomolecule makes up MOST of the cell membrane?

a)

proteins

b)

carbohydrates

c)

phospholipids

d)

nucleic acids

111.

Which biomolecule helps LARGE molecules cross the membrane?

a)

phospholipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

112.

Which TWO parts of the membrane allow molecules to pass through?

113.

Passive transport ​ (a)   require energy because it moves ​ (b)   the concentration gradient, from ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
does NOT
does
with
against
high to low
low to high
114.

Active transport ​ (a)   require energy because it moves ​ (b)   the concentration gradient, from ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
does NOT
does
with
against
high to low
low to high
115.

What is the correct description of the transport in the image?

a)

small molecules crossing the lipid bilayer (diffusion)

b)

large molecules crossing through a protein (facilitated diffusion)

c)

many molecules coming into the cell using a membrane vesicle (endocytosis)

d)

many molecules coming out of the cell using a vesicle to fuse with the membrane (exocytosis)

116.

Organize these options into the right type of transport:

Categorize the following

does NOT require energy

requires energy

molecules move WITH the gradient

molecules move AGAINST the gradient

molecules move from high concentration to low

molecules move from low concentration to high

Passive Transport
Active Transport
117.

What happens during osmosis?

a)
Transfer of energy from one place to another
b)

Movement of small molecules from high concentration to low concentration

c)

Movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

d)
Process of breaking down food into simpler substances
118.

Where is the water at a higher concentration?

a)

outside the cell

b)

inside the cell

119.

More water outside of the cell.

Water will move in what direction?

Hint: high ---> _____

a)

move into cell

b)

move out of cell

120.

Less water inside cell

water moves into cell

What type of solution is this representing?

Hint: use your notes to help you?

a)

Isotonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Hypertonic

121.

Match the following

a)

Selectively Permeable Membrane

1.

Allows some materials to pass through but keeps other materials out

b)

Concentration

2.

Amount of substance in a given space

c)

Diffusion

3.

Movement of particles from an area of concentration to an area of lower concentratioin

d)

Osmosis

4.

Diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane

122.

Match the following

a)

Selectively Permeable Membrane

1.

Can be compared to a window screen

b)

Diffusion

2.

Process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide is moved into a cell

c)

Osmosis

3.

When water particles move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

123.

What are the reactants in cell respiration?

a)

water, carbon dioxide, light

b)

oxygen, sugar

c)

sugar, water, carbon dioxide

124.

What is the energy that is produced in cell respiration?

a)

ADP

b)

Sugar

c)

ATP

125.

Where does Kreb's Cycle occur?

a)

mitochondria inner membrane

b)

mitochondria matrix

c)

cytoplasm

126.

E.T.C. occurs where?

a)

mitochondria matrix

b)

mitochondria inner membrane

c)

cytoplasm

127.

Aerobic means

a)

without oxygen

b)

with oxygen

c)

without effort

128.

Anaerobic means

a)

with oxygen

b)

without oxygen

c)

to run for a long time

129.

How many ATP are produced in Kreb's Cycle?

a)

32

b)

2

c)

34

130.

What are the products of cell respiration?

a)

water, light, and sugar

b)

water, carbon dioxide, ATP

c)

oxygen, water, sugar

131.

Carbon dioxide levels will _______ during exercise.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

c)

see no change

132.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
133.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT A STAGE OF AEROBIC RESPIRATION?

a)

GLYCOLOYSIS

b)

CALVIN CYCLE

c)

KREBS CYCLE

d)

E.T.C.

134.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS/ARE PRODUCTS OF ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION?

a)

ATP

b)

ALCOHOL

c)

CO2

d)

LACTIC ACID

135.

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS/ARE PRODUCTS OF LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION?

a)

ATP

b)

ALCOHOL

c)

CO2

d)

LACTIC ACID

136.

95% of the cells life cycle

Stage where DNA is copied

a)

Interphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Prophase

137.

Nuclear membrane disappears

Chromosomes can now be seen

Centrioles move to opposite sides

a)

Metaphase

b)

Interphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Prophase

138.

Chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell

Spindle fibers extend from the centrioles to the middle of the chromosomes

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Interphase

139.

Chromatids separate

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

140.

Nuclear membrane reforms around the new daughter cells.

Cytoplasm begins to "pinch" in.

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Interphase

141.
The stages of mitosis in order
a)
Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
b)
Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
c)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
d)
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
142.

What phase is shown here? Hint: you are starting to see the nuclear membrane again!

a)

Metaphase II

b)

Telophase I

c)

Telophase II

d)

Metaphase I

143.

What phase is this?


Hint: membrane is disappearing

a)

Interphase II

b)

Prophase I

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Anaphase II

144.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
145.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Telophase II
146.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase II
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Interphase I
147.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
 Metaphase I
148.
What phases is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Anaphase II
d)
Interphase I
149.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Telophase II
d)
Anaphase I
150.
What process is shown here?
a)
Genetic Randomization
b)
Cross Over
c)
Allele Switching
d)
Cross Pollination
151.
When does the process shown here happen?
a)
Prophase I
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Interphase II
d)
Telophase I
152.

CROSSING OVER INCREASES

a)

LIFE SPAN

b)

GENETIC VARIATION

c)

THE NUMBER OF OFF-SPRING

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

153.

DNA stands for

a)

Dioxyribo Nucleic Acid

b)

Dunder Nucleic Acid

c)

Dopamine Nucleic Acid

d)

Deciduous Nucleic Acid

154.

DNA is related to

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Cellular Respiration

d)

Genetics

155.

What is "C"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

156.

What do the dotted lines between the nitrogenous bases (A,T,C,G) represent in the image provided?

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Peptide bonds

d)

Hydrogen bonds