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Final

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Cancer is

a)

a premature stop in the cell cycle.

b)

uncontrolled mitosis.

c)

programmed cell death.

2.

The growth phase of the cell cycle is called

a)

Interphase

b)

Telophase

c)

Prophase

d)

Anaphase

3.

During which stage of the cell cycle does the cell divide?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

S

d)

M

4.
Tumors are...
a)
A big fatty lump
b)
mass of abnormal cells that can grow uncontrollably
c)
Something that sticks out from your body
d)
It's not a tumor
5.

What type of cell has a nucleus?

a)

eukaryotic

b)

prokaryotic

c)

neither

d)

both

6.

Which do BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes contain?

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

ribosomes

d)

cell wall

7.

Prokaryotes do NOT have....

a)

membrane bound organelles

b)

DNA or RNA

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Life

8.
A fossilized cell is discovered, and evidence suggests it reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this most likely be?
a)
prokaryote
b)
eukaryote
c)
plant cell
d)
animal cell
9.

You can distinguish a prokaryote apart from a eukaryote by--

a)

The presence of a ribosome

b)

The presence of a cell membrane

c)

The presence of DNA

d)

The presence of a nuclear membrane

10.
This is a picture of:
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
11.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
12.

2. Which biomolecules contains your genetic information?

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

13.

1. The four most common elements found in biomolecules are __________.

a)

Sulfur, Phosphorus, Carbon, Oxygen

b)

Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen

c)

Sulfur, Nitrogen, Carbon, Iron

d)

Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Sulfur

14.

What is the function of carbohydrates?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Alter other biomolecules

e)

Store information for cells

15.

What is the function of proteins?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Alter other biomolecules

e)

Store information for cells

16.
Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
17.

Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

replication

18.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
19.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
20.

Proteins are mode of

a)

nucleotides

b)

glucose

c)

fatty acids

d)

amino acids

21.

Find the amino acid that this segment of RNA codes for: UUG

a)

Glycine

b)

Asparagine

c)

Lysine

d)

Leucine

22.

A codon is a group of ___ RNA bases.

a)

1

b)

3

c)

5

d)

6

23.

In DNA, C pairs with G , and A pairs with

a)

U

b)

A

c)

C

d)

T

24.

In RNA, C pairs with G , and A pairs with

a)

U

b)

A

c)

C

d)

T

25.

RNA goes to the ribosome where it is used as a guide to attach amino acids together. Amino acids in a chain is a protein

a)

This is Transcription.

b)

This is Translation.

26.

DNA is used as a guide to rewrite the genetic code into RNA. RNA can then leave the nucleus.

a)

This is Transcription.

b)

This is Translation.

27.

MET is know as the __________ codon.

a)

stop

b)

main

c)

start

d)

most common

28.

Where is RNA made into protein?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Cell Membrane

29.

Enzymes are

a)

Lipids

b)

Protein

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acids

30.

Enzymes are responsible for-

a)

Speeding up reactions

b)

Giving the body energy

c)

Slowing down reactions

31.

Letter B...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

32.

Letter D...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

33.

Letter c...

a)

active site

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate

d)

products

34.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
enzymes slow down chemical reactions
c)
enzymes speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants 
35.
In passive transport, molecules move from an area of __________ concentration to an area of __________ concentraiton
a)
high, low
b)
low, high
c)
water, salt
d)
active, passive
36.
Which of the following is not a type of passive transport?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
37.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Active Transport
38.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Diffusion
d)
Sodium-Potassium Pump
39.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Osmosis
40.
_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.  
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoplasm
41.
What is diffusion?
a)
The movement of particles from low conc. to high conc. in a given space
b)
The movement of particles from high conc. to low conc. in a given space
42.

Which type of passive transport uses proteins to help molecules pass through the membrane?

a)
Diffusion
b)
Facilitated diffusion
c)
Osmosis
d)
All of the above
43.

All of the following are functions of a cell membrane EXCEPT

a)

surrounding and protecting the contents of the cell.

b)

releasing waste products from the cell.

c)

producing energy for the cell processes.

d)

allowing gases to enter the cell.

44.

Passive Transport

a)

Does require cell energy

b)

Does NOT require cell energy

45.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
46.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
47.
The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane is called?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Cell wall
c)
Diffusion
d)
Respiration
48.

Which of the following is a product of cellular respiration?

a)

Radiant Energy

b)

Oxygen

c)

Glucose

d)

Water

49.
What is cellular respiration?
a)
the breakdown of glucose  to release ATP
b)
the breakdown of glucose to release NADH
c)
the breakdown of glucose to release FADH
d)
the breakdown of glucose to release carbon
50.
Which organelle performs PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
51.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
52.
Plants need ________ for photosynthesis
a)
oxygen
b)
soil
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
sugar
53.
What are the reactants (what's needed) for photosynthesis?
a)
glucose and oxygen
b)
light, water, and carbon dioxide
54.
What are the products (what's made) during photosynthesis?
a)
glucose and oxygen
b)
water, light, and carbon dioxide
55.

Cellular respiration's main goal is to ...

a)

Make ATP

b)

make water

c)

make glucose

d)

make oxygen

56.

Cellular respiration occurs in the...

a)

Nucleus

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Chloroplast

57.

In which cell organelle does photosynthesis take place?

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

nucleus

58.
Cells can produce over one thousand different enzymes at a time.  Enzymes are critical to the metabolism of these cells, but why are so many different enzymes needed?
a)
Cells are completely unable to control what enzymes
they produce
b)
The variety of enzymes prevents their actions from being inhibited. 
c)
The active site of an enzyme can only bind to a specific substrate.
d)
The products of a reaction are always converted into new enzymes.
59.
Which factors can change the shape of an enzyme and thus denatures a enzyme?
a)
Excessive heat and changes in pH
b)
Nothing can
c)
Exposure to light and sound
d)
Exposure to bacteria and Amoebas
60.

Identical halves of a chromosome are called?

a)

Cousins

b)

Chromatids

c)

Centromere

d)

Centrosome

61.

When cells go through mitosis repeatedly without entering interphase, this results

a)

arthritis

b)

cancer

c)

mutation

d)

diabetes

62.

These undifferentiated cells can become specialized cells after receiving a chemical signal.

a)

stem cells

b)

generic cells

c)

blank cells

d)

empty cells

63.

After mitosis, the cytoplasm and organelles are divided between the two new forming cells in a process called

a)

centriole

b)

chromatin

c)

cytokinesis

d)

centromere

64.

In telophase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

65.

In anaphase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

66.

In metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

67.
What occurs during G1?
a)
Checkpoint after S phase
b)
Chromosomes line up at the equator.
c)
The cell grows and develops.
d)
Spindle fibers separate chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell. 
68.
Identify the parts of the nucleotide shown:
a)
1) Ribose Sugar      2) Phosphate 
3)  Nitrogen Base
b)
1) Deoxyribose Sugar
2) Phosphate
3) Nitrogen Base
c)
1) Phosphate
2) Ribose Sugar
3) Nitrogen Base
d)
1)  Phosphate
2) Deoxyribose Sugar
3)  Nitrogen Base
69.

DNA is replicated during ______ of the cell cycle.

a)

Gap 1

b)

Synthesis (S phase)

c)

Gap 2

d)

Gap 0

70.

During which part of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

a)

interphase

b)

mitosis

c)

cytokinesis

71.

Which part of the cell cycle is divided into prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase?

a)

interphase

b)

mitosis

c)

cytokinesis

72.

Simon looks at an image of a slide and notices that all of the chromosomes are lined up in along the middle of the cell. He is likely looking at a cell that is in

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

73.

Why is it so important to replicate DNA?

a)

so that each daughter cell is unique

b)

to release energy

c)

to make sure that the daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cells

d)

all of the above

74.

Which base can only pair up with Cytosine?

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

all of the above can pair with cytosine

75.

Which of these parts of the cell cycle are arranged in the correct sequence?

a)

metaphase-> prophase-> telophase

b)

anaphase-> telophase-> cytokinesis

c)

interphase-> cytokinesis-> mitosis

d)

mitosis-> interphase-> anaphase

76.
During what phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?
a)
Interphase
b)
M phase
c)
S phase
d)
G2 phase
77.
Put the following actions in order: DNA replicates, cell grows, cell divides, cell prepares for mitosis. 
a)
DNA replicates, cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
b)
cell grows, cell prepares for mitosis, DNA replicates, cell divides
c)
cell grows, DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell divides
d)
DNA replicates, cell prepares for mitosis, cell grows, cell divides
78.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
79.
Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
80.

What are the three types of gene mutation?

a)

Insertion, Deletion, Subsitution

b)

Aberration, Deletion, Substitution

c)

Inversion, Duplication, Insertion

d)

Insertion, Duplication, Substitution

81.

In this type of point mutation, one base pair is lost

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

82.

In this type of point mutation, one extra base pair is inserted into a sequence of DNA

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

83.

The bottom DNA sequence in the image has been altered by this type of mutation

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

84.

The bottom DNA sequence in the image has been altered by this type of mutation

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

85.

Specialized cells such as muscle, blood, or nerve cells are caused by cell differentiation led by

a)

DNA

b)

nucleus

c)

ribosomes

d)

plasma membrane

86.

Cells differentiate to perform different functions because

a)

all genes are turned on inside that cell

b)

all genes are turned off inside that cell

c)

different genes are turned on inside that cell

d)

different genes are turned on or off inside that cell

87.
Aa is
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
88.
AA is
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
89.
aa is
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
90.
Assume mom's gametes are on the left, what is her genotype?
a)
TTZz
b)
TtZz
c)
ttZZ
d)
TtZZ
91.

The alleles for different traits are sorted separately and don't affect one another.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Law of Conservation of Matter

d)

Law of Segregation

92.

States that alleles of each gene segregate into gametes independently of alleles of other genes, as shown in a dihybrid cross.

a)

Law of Complete Dominance

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Law of Segregation

d)

The rule of addition

e)

The rule of multiplication

93.

Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis. Which statement about crossing over is true?

a)

RNA translation occurs in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Crossing over takes place in backterial cells

c)

Crossing over produces genetically identical daughter cells

d)

Crossing over provides genetic diversity in eukaryotic cells

94.

Which of the following are in order from smallest to largest

a)

Cells -> tissue -> organ -> organ system

b)

Cells -> Organ system -> tissue -> organ

c)

Organ system -> Organ -> Tissue -> Cell

d)

Tissue -> organ system -> Cell -> Organ

95.

What does the image demonstrate

a)

Punnet squares

b)

Crossing over

c)

Metaphase

d)

Dna replication

96.

G1, S, and G2 are all phases of

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Interphase

d)

Prophase

97.

This organelle is in charge of

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Both

d)

None

98.

This organelle is in charge of

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Both

d)

None

99.

Osmosis is the movement of ____________.

a)

Sugar

b)

Particles

c)

Proteins

d)

Water

100.

What type of transport requires NO energy?

a)

Passive

b)

Active

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