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Bio Final Review Spring 2024

Total questions: 78

Worksheet time: 2hrs 11mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If many of the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed, what effect would this most likely have on the cell?

a)

The cell would not be able to create energy.

b)

The cell would not be able to make proteins.

c)

The cell would not e able to photosynthesize.

d)

The cell would not be able to break down waste in the cell.

2.

Green peas (G) are dominant to yellow peas (g). Cross a heterozygous green pea with a yellow pea. What is the genotype probability?

a)

0% GG

100% Gg

0% gg

b)

50% GG

0% Gg

50% gg

c)

0% GG

50% Gg

50% gg

d)

25% GG

50% Gg

25% gg

3.

Which of the following shows a homozygous dominant genotype?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

4.

Which of the following shows a homozygous recessive genotype?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

5.

Which of the following shows a heterozygous genotype?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

6.

What do the filled in squares mean on a pedigree?

a)

Male with the trait

b)

Male without the trait

c)

Female with the trait

d)

Female without the trait

7.

What do the blank circles mean on a pedigree?

a)

Male with the trait

b)

Male without the trait

c)

Female with the trait

d)

Female without the trait

8.
The cell cycle is ______________.
a)
the process of cells circling throughout the body
b)
the process of splitting the organelles
c)
a process where one cell gets energy
d)
the sequence of stages of growth and division that a cell undergoes
9.
Before cells can divide, what must be copied?
a)
mitochondria
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
Cell Wall
10.

How many are heterozygous?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

11.

Chickens can have black feathers, white feathers, or black & white speckled. What type of dominance does this show?

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Co-dominance

c)

Sex-linked dominance

d)

Mendelian dominance

12.

Chickens can have black (B) feathers, white (W) feathers, or black & white speckled. Cross a black chicken with a speckled chicken. What are the genotypes?

a)

BB x BW

b)

BB x Bb

c)

BB x WW

d)

BW x BW

13.

Chickens can have black (B) feathers, white (W) feathers, or black & white speckled. Cross a black chicken with a speckled chicken. What are the odds of having a black chicken?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

14.

Colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait. Which of the following shows a FEMALE who has the disease?

a)

XBXbX^BX^b  

b)

XbXbX^bX^b  

c)

XBYX^BY  

d)

XbYX^bY  

15.

Colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait. Which of the following shows a MALE who has the disease?

a)

XBXbX^BX^b  

b)

XbXbX^bX^b  

c)

XBYX^BY  

d)

XbYX^bY  

16.

What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Co-Dominance

c)

Mendelian Inheritance (Complete Dominance)

d)

Homozygous Inheritance

17.

Red hair (R) and white hair (W) are codominant in cows.

Cross a white cow (WW) with a red cow (RR).

What color will the calves be?

a)

White

b)

Red

c)

Pink

d)

Roan

(Mix of white spots and red spots)

18.

You have two flowers. The red allele shows incomplete dominance over the white allele.

You breed a red flower (RR) with a white flower (rr).

What do you think the offspring will look like?

a)

All red

b)

All white

c)

All pink

d)

Half red, half white.

19.
What process is shown here?
a)
Genetic Randomization
b)

Crossing Over

c)
Allele Switching
d)
Cross Pollination
20.

CROSSING OVER INCREASES

a)

LIFE SPAN

b)

GENETIC VARIATION

c)

THE NUMBER OF OFF-SPRING

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

21.

for growth and repair

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Both

22.

What is the complementary strand to this DNA sequence: ATACCGCTG

a)

TATGGCGAC

b)

ATACCGCTG

c)

CGCAATAGT

d)

GCGTTATCA

23.

When DNA replication is complete, each DNA molecule consists of:

a)

one original strand and one new strand

b)

two new strands

c)

two original strands

d)

unzipped strands

24.

The shape of DNA is arranged as:

a)

a double helix

b)

one strand of nucleotides

c)

squiggly lines

d)

a single nucleotide

25.

What are the correct base pair rules in DNA?

a)

A-T and C-G

b)

A-C and T-G

c)

A-G and C-T

d)

A-A, C-C, G-G, and T-T

26.

What are nucleotides composed (made) of?

a)

Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base

b)

Phosphate, Adenine, Nitrogen Base

c)

Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine

d)

Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine

27.

What is the mRNA for the following DNA strand?

TAC GTA

a)

GCT AGC

b)

ATG CAT

c)

AUG CAU

28.

What is the end product of translation?

a)

mRNA that can leave the nucleus

b)

Amino acid chain

c)

monosaccharide chain

d)

Anticodon

29.

Use your codon chart to find the amino acid that codes for AGU

a)

Tyr

b)

Gly

c)

Arg

d)

Ser

30.

Use your codon chart to find the amino acid that codes for the mRNA codon GCA

a)

Thr

b)

Ala

c)

Pro

d)

Ser

31.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion

b)

Point mutation

c)

Deletion

d)

Substitution

32.
Survival of the fittest or when favorable adaptations reproduce faster is called what?
a)
Evolution
b)
Adaptation
c)
Natural selection
d)
Fossilization
33.
The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?
a)
Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
b)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
c)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
d)
Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.
34.

Sunlight, water, and air describe which type of factor?

a)

Biotic

b)

Abiotic

35.

Disease, predation, any plants/animals present describe which type of factor?

a)

Biotic

b)

Abiotic

36.

This process allows producers to get energy from the sun.

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Chemosynthesis

c)

Protein Synthesis

d)

Biomass

37.

Each step in a food web or chain.

a)

Energy pyramid

b)

Biomass

c)

Community

d)

Trophic level

38.

This trophic level can have omnivores or carnivores.

a)

Producer

b)

Primary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Tertiary consumer

39.

Number of individuals per unit of area

a)

Geographic Range

b)

Growth Rate

c)

Age Structure

d)

Population Density

40.

This is the largest number of individuals and environment can support.

a)

Logistic growth

b)

Carrying capacity

c)

Birth rate

d)

Age structure

41.

These have a larger affect on large populations.

a)

Density-dependent limiting factor

b)

Density-independent limiting factor

42.

Food, water, and shelter demonstrate which type of limiting factor?

a)

Density-dependent limiting factor

b)

Density-independent limiting factor

43.

Natural disasters like floods, storms, or fires demonstrate which type of limiting factor?

a)

Density-dependent limiting factor

b)

Density-independent limiting factor

44.

What do you predict the wombat's carrying capacity to be?

a)

30,000

b)

35,000

c)

40,000

d)

45,000

45.

How would the population be distributed if individuals were competing with one another for space or resources?

a)

Random

b)

Uniform

c)

Clumped

46.

Both species attempted to live in the same niche, but one out-competed the other. This describes which ecological phenomenon?

a)

Tolerance

b)

Parasitic Relationships

c)

Competitive Exclusion Principle

d)

Predator-Prey Relationships

47.

Lice feed on the blood of a host's scalp. Which relationship does this demonstrate?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predator-Prey

48.

Tree frogs camouflage in a plant. Which relationship does this demonstrate?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predator-Prey

49.

A bird cleans pieces of meat from a crocodile's teeth. Which relationship does this demonstrate?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Predator-Prey

50.

Disease and parasites affect large populations _____________ smaller populations.

a)

more than

b)

less than

c)

the same as

51.

Why does DNA replicate?

a)

It likes to have a friend around

b)

It needs to have multiple copies of DNA molecules in each cell

c)

It needs to make a copy before the cell divides so each cell has the complete DNA

d)

to make proteins

52.

A point mutation in which the amino acid does not change.

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Deletion

d)

Silent mutation

53.

This type of substitution codes for a stop codon

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Silent

d)

Deletion

54.
This image shows that DNA Replication is _______.
a)
Conservative
b)
Semiconservative
c)
Dispersive
d)
Spontaneous
55.

This stage of the cell cycle is when DNA replicates.

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

Prophase

56.
Males are more likely to suffer from a sex-linked disease or disorder because
a)
males are the weaker sex
b)
males have less DNA
c)
males have 1 X chromosome, so the disorder is more likely to be expressed
57.
Vitamin D resistant rickets (deformed bone formation) is a sex-linked DOMINANT trait.  According to the Punnett square, what percentage of female offspring will have the disorder?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
58.

What type of inheritance pattern is shown here?

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete dominance

59.

Red hair (R) and white hair (W) are codominant in cows. They produce a cow with both red and white spots, called "roan", when mixed.

Cross a white cow (WW) with a roan cow (RW).

What percentage will be white?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

60.

Red flowers (R) show incomplete dominance over white flowers (r). Cross two pink flowers (Rr).

What percentage of the offspring will have red flowers?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

61.
This scientist came up with the idea of natural selection.
a)
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
b)
Gregor Mendel
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Thomas Malthus
62.
Inherited trait that helps an organism survive is a(n) __________.
a)
Fossil
b)
Adaptation
c)
Ancestor
d)
Natural selection
63.
Survival of the fittest or when favorable adaptations reproduce faster is called what?
a)
Evolution
b)
Adaptation
c)
Natural selection
d)
Fossilization
64.
The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?
a)
Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
b)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
c)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
d)
Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.
65.

What is the definition of fitness?

a)
ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
b)
organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
c)
a growing population causes a scarcity of resources
d)
differences in the DNA sequence
66.
The stages of mitosis in order
a)
Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
b)
Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
c)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
d)
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
67.

The enzyme that builds the new DNA strand during replication is called:

a)

helicase

b)

zipase

c)

DNA polymerase

d)

ligase

68.

The enzyme that unzips DNA during replication is called:

a)

helicase

b)

zipase

c)

DNA polymerase

d)

ligase

69.

Based on the image above, what type of Isolation is shown?

a)

Geographic Isolation

b)

Behavioral Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

70.

Fireflies make a pattern of flashes that attract mates of their own species. What type of isolation is this?

a)

Geographic Isolation

b)

Behavioral Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

71.

One species of lizard breeds in the spring, one breeds in the summer. What type of isolation is this?

a)

Geographic Isolation

b)

Behavioral Isolation

c)

Temporal Isolation

72.

Cancer is defined as the

a)

uncontrolled division of mutated cells

b)

normal division of cells

c)

normal DNA replication

d)

abnormal ATP synthesis

73.

Stated earth is millions of years old.

a)

Malthus

b)

Hutton & Lyell

c)

Lamarck

d)

Wallace

74.

Who hypothesized that Earth has, and still is, being constantly changed due to natural forces?

a)

Darwin

b)

Hutton and Lyell

c)

Wallace

d)

Edwards

75.

Which of the following describes organisms that get their energy from non-living sources?

a)

Autotroph

b)

Heterotroph

76.

Which type of reproduction results in offspring that are identical to the parent?

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

c)

Neither

d)

Both

77.

What is the cell process called that produces sex cells?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Cellular Respiration

78.

Which is NOT a Sexual reproduction DISADVANTAGE

a)

High genetic variation

b)

Can be complicated

c)

smaller population

d)

requires courtship or mating

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