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Unit 4: Practice Test: Earth's Systems & Changing Surface

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which is a cause of PHYSICAL WEATHERING, but not chemical weathering?

a)

salt

b)

wind

c)

acids

d)

bases

2.

Which is a cause of chemical weathering?

a)

lce

b)

Wind

c)

Oxygen

d)

Carbon

3.

Leaves release acids into the soil as they decay.

How could the decaying leaves affect the rocks in the soil underneath them?

a)

They could increase the amount of physical weathering.

b)

They could decrease the amount of physical weathering.

c)

They could increase the amount of chemical weathering.

d)

They could decrease the amount of chemical weathering.

4.

Landslides, rockfalls, and mudslides are responsible for both erosion and deposition.

What condition is MOST LIKELY to create a mudslide.

a)

Ice

b)

Rain

c)

Wind

d)

Sleet

5.

Water moves under Earth's surface to fill in open spaces in rocks or soil.

What is this type of water called?

a)

Watershed

b)

Water Table

c)

Groundwater

d)

Fresh water

6.

Wind and rain can break down exposed rock.

a)

True

b)

False

7.

What happens when sediment eroded by water, ice, and wind slows down or stops moving?

a)

The sediment is deposited in a new location.

b)

The sediment continues to erode.

c)

The sediment instantly turns into soil.

d)

The sediment mixes with other sediment to become rock.

8.

Where do erosion and deposition occur in a river?

a)

Erosion occurs where fast-moving river water picks up soil and moves it downstream. Deposition occurs where a river current slows as it enters a larger body of water and drops the soil.

b)

Deposition occurs where fast-moving river water picks up soil and moves it downstream. Erosion occurs where a river current slows as it enters a larger body of water and drops the soil.

c)

A river erodes land. There is no deposition.

d)

A delta forms at the mouth of a river from deposition. There is no erosion.

9.

How is water a weathering agent?

a)

It dissolves minerals in rocks.

b)

It grinds and polishes rock by moving particles against it.

c)

It grows on rocks to break the rock apart.

d)

It is not a weathering agent.

10.

Mechanical weathering ____.

a)

breaks apart rocks by physical processes

b)

occurs when chemical reactions dissolve or change the minerals in rocks

c)

occurs when iron is exposed to oxygen and water

d)

none of the above

11.

Chemical weathering ____.

a)

is caused by freezing and thawing

b)

breaks apart rocks by physical processes

c)

occurs when chemical reactions dissolve or change the minerals in rocks

d)

none of above

12.

What type of weathering is responsible for the formation of caves?

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

13.

Which statement best explains how this rock formation (The Lighthouse of Palo Duro Canyon State Park) likely formed over time?

a)

The Lighthouse formed as water erosion carved away the softer rock around the structure over time

b)

The Lighthouse formed from multiple episodes of wind erosion and deposition over time

c)

The Lighthouse formed as repeated flash floods deposited sediments and rocks on the structure over time

d)

The Lighthouse formed as desert plants protected some of the rock layers from erosion over time

14.

What shaped valleys do glaciers carve into mountains?

a)

L-shaped

b)

U-shaped

c)

T-shaped

d)

S-shaped

15.

Which of these is NOT a land feature formed by wind erosion

a)

Sand Dunes

b)

Arches

c)

Caves

d)

Scoured and Sandblasted Rocks

16.

Which natural systems cause Earth's surface to change?

a)

Gravity and living organisms

b)

Water and wind

c)

Ice and atmosphere

d)

All of the above

17.

What is erosion?

a)

The process of breaking down large objects

b)

The process of moving sediment from one place to another

c)

The process of depositing sediment in a new location

d)

The process of volcanic eruptions

18.

DELTAS forming at the mouths of rivers

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

19.
What is sediment?
a)
the process of rocks being broken down and carried away
b)
bits of rock, sand, and silt caused by the weathering of rocks
c)
the top layer of the soil
d)
decaying plant or animal material 
20.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place.
b)
makes the rocks last longer.
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks.
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides.
21.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
d)
Plants don't weather rocks
22.

A metal statue slowly turning green after years of being outside is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

23.

Water found under Earth's surface, in spaces between rocks, or in soil.

a)

Surface Water

b)

Ground Water

c)

Aquifer

d)

Watershed

24.
The process by which sediments settle out of water or wind
a)
deposition
b)
cementation
c)
weathering
d)
erosion
25.
The process that breaks up rock on Earth's surface?
a)
deposition
b)
erosion
c)
compaction
d)
weathering
26.
How does wind abrasion work?
a)
Sediment is blown off a surface from wind.
b)
Wind-blown sediment strikes a surface.
c)
Wind blows large chunks of rock off a surface.
d)
Sediment falls off of a surface on its own.
27.
What causes dunes to form?
a)
glacial deposits
b)
mountain building
c)
blowing wind
d)
movement along faults
28.
Which of these things cause weathering?
a)
Wind
b)
Water
c)
Ice
d)
All of these
29.

This "sphere" has Earth's water

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

30.

This "sphere" has Earth's rocks

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

31.

This "sphere" has Earth's living things

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

32.

This "sphere" has Earth's air

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

33.

Humans are living things. Humans are part of Earth's ___.

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

34.

Mountains are made of rocks. Mountains are part of Earth's ___.

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

35.

Oxygen is the air we breathe. Oxygen is part of earth's _____.

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

36.

The oceans are made of water. The oceans are part of Earth's _____.

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

37.
Is a flood a fast or slow change?
a)
Fast
b)
Slow
38.
Acid rain wears away the words on a stone grave marker in a cemetery.
a)
Physical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
39.
Burrowing animals break apart rocks as they dig.  What is this an example of?
a)
Physical Weathering
b)
Chemical Weathering
40.
Which of the following accurately describes erosion and weathering?
a)
Weathering breaks rocks apart; erosion moves the rock
b)
Erosion and weathering break rock into smaller pieces
c)
Erosion breaks rocks apart; weathering moves the rock
d)
Erosion is a physical process; weathering is chemical
41.

A large moving piece of ice.

a)

glacier

b)

wind

c)

mountain

d)

tectonic plate

42.

What process is occurring here?

a)

exfoliation

b)

ice wedging

c)

erosion

d)

abrasion

43.

Gradual changes take___.

a)

Moments

b)

Days

c)

Months

d)

Hundreds and Thousands of years

44.

Catastrophic changes take___.

a)

Moments

b)

Days

c)

Months

d)

Hundreds and Thousands of years

45.

Is costal erosion catastrophic or gradual?

a)

Catastrophic

b)

Gradual

46.

Is Flooding catastrophic or gradual?

a)

Catastrophic

b)

Gradual

47.

Is river erosion catastrophic or gradual?

a)

Catastrophic

b)

Gradual

48.

Is a glacial erosion catastrophic or gradual?

a)

Catastrophic

b)

Gradual

49.
The Earth's surface does not change over time.
a)
True
b)
False
50.
The Earth has always been as it is now.
a)
True
b)
False
51.
When a glacier retreats and large, partially buried, ice chunks are left behind to melt, these are formed:
a)
Moraine
b)
Prairie pothole
c)
Kettle Lake
d)
Fjord
52.

A _____ is a mass of snow and ice that moves slowly over the land.

a)

moraine

b)

glacier

c)

till

d)

u-shaped valley

53.

_____ is the removal of large chunks of rock picked up by the glacier

a)

Plucking

b)

Abrasion

c)

Weathering

d)

Erosion

54.

_____ is the material that is deposited by the melting glacier.

a)

kettles

b)

cirque

c)

horn

d)

till

55.

_____ are piles of till deposited at the bottom of glaciers.

a)

cirque

b)

end moraine

c)

lateral moraine

d)

erratics

56.
_____ is rock debris embedded in base of ice create polishing, grooves and striations.
a)
Plucking
b)
Abrasion
c)
Weathering
d)
Erosion
57.
_____ is one type of glacier.
a)
Mountain
b)
Ocean
c)
Continental
d)
Plain
58.
_____ are are lines deposited at bottom or along sides of glaciers.
a)
Eskers
b)
Till
c)
Erratics
d)
Moraines
59.
_____ are enormous boulders transported and deposited by glaciers, often far from their source region.
a)
Till
b)

Erratic

c)
Moraines
d)
Fjords
60.
Glaciers form when _____.
a)
less snow falls than melts 
b)
more snow falls than melts 
c)
less rain falls than freezes 
d)
more rain falls than freezes 

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