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7th- Ecology Review

Total questions: 94

Worksheet time: 3hrs 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
old field
d)
ecosystem
2.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
3.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
4.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
5.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
6.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
7.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
8.
succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
9.
starts with bare rock followed by lichen
a)
primary succession 
b)
secondary succession
c)
both types of succession
10.
this type of succession occurs after a forest fire
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
both
11.

What is a community in ecology?

a)

A living organism

b)

A group of the same species in a given area

c)

A group of different species in a given area

d)

A group of plants in a given area

12.

What is primary succession?

a)

The growth of plants and animals after a disturbance

b)

The process of organisms in an ecological community over time

c)

The colonization of a new area without any soil

d)

The increase in biodiversity in an ecological community

13.

What are pioneer species in primary succession?

a)

Large trees

b)

Animals that move into a new area

c)

Small plants that colonize first

d)

Organisms that break down rock into soil

14.

What comes after pioneer species in primary succession?

a)

Grasses and weeds

b)

Shrubs

c)

Trees

d)

Animals

15.

Why does primary succession take a long time?

a)

Because it involves a disturbance like a forest fire

b)

Because it requires the growth of pioneer species

c)

Because it involves the colonization of a new area without soil

d)

Because it takes hundreds of years for a climax community to form

16.

What is secondary succession?

a)

The colonization of a new area without any soil

b)

The process of organisms in an ecological community over time

c)

The growth of plants and animals after a disturbance

d)

The increase in biodiversity in an ecological community

17.

What is the key difference between primary and secondary succession?

a)

The presence of soil

b)

The types of pioneer species

c)

The speed of the process

d)

The types of disturbances

18.

What is more likely to be a faster process, primary or secondary succession?

a)

Primary succession

b)

Secondary succession

c)

Both take the same amount of time

d)

It depends on the type of disturbance

19.

Organize these options into the right categories: Sort the environments into the categories that they would be a part of.

Categorize the following
Primary Succession
Secondary Succession
20.

Put the steps to Primary Succession in order starting with the most basic stage to the most complex.

a)

Pioneer species: lichen, moss

b)

Small Grasses

c)

Large Grasses and Shrubs

d)

Small, fast growing trees

e)

Large, slow growing hardwood trees

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
21.
Use the diagram answer the question.
What is a fitting description for this diagram?
a)
A Food Chain
b)
An Ecosystem
c)
A Food Web
d)
Biotic and Abiotic Factors
22.
Use the diagram to answer the question.
The Mayfly is a food source for which 3 organisms?
a)
Frog, Dragon Fly and snake
b)
Frog, trout and dragon fly
c)
Frog, salamander and trout
d)
Frog and phytoplankton
23.
Use the diagram to answer the question.
The trout is a source of food for the human and the eagle. When there are more than one organism vying for the same source we call this____?
a)
Population
b)
Resources
c)
Community
d)
Competition
24.
What is the best explanation for an energy pyramid?
a)
It shows the FLOW of energy from one organism to the next. 
b)
It shows HOW much energy flows through a food web
c)
It shows the MEMBERS in a single organism
25.
True or False. In this Food Web Pyramid the consumers on each level only get about 10 percent of energy that the plants have stored.
a)
True
b)
False
26.
In this Food Web Pyramid what is the proper name for the organisms above the producer level at the bottom.
a)
herbivores
b)
consumers
c)
carnivores 
d)
omnivores
27.
The deer, grasshopper, and bird are all examples of which type of consumers on this food pyramid?
a)
decomposers
b)
omnivores
c)
carnivore
d)
herbivore
28.
The snake and the frog, are all examples of which type of consumers on this food pyramid?
a)
decomposers
b)
omnivores
c)
carnivore
d)
herbivore
29.
In Australia the farmers had a problem with beetles eating the sugar cane. So they introduced the cane toad to control that population. Instead of eating the beetles, they ate the source of food and other organisms. What would be a possible consequence of this?
a)
The other organisms attacks the toad population
b)
The ecosystem would be destroyed
c)
The cane toads would get too much food and die
d)
The food web was changed by this one organism
30.
About how much percent of energy is passed on from one organism to to the next on a food web pyramid. 
a)
100 percent of all energy gets passed
b)
45 percent of all energy gets passed
c)
10 percent of all energy gets passed
d)
0 percent of all energy gets passed
31.
What organism consumes both rabbits and birds?
a)
The Hawk
b)
The Wolf
c)
The Plant
d)
The Mushroom
32.
How many primary consumers are in this food web?  
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
33.
Who are the primary producers in this food web?  
a)
The lizard and the Hawk
b)
The Grasshopper and the Mouse
c)
The rabbit and the Hawk
d)
The lizard and the snake
34.
A secondary consumer will gain energy from what level consumer?  
a)
Producers
b)
Primary Consumers
c)
Tertiary Consumers
d)
Apex Predators
35.
An organism that consumes only other animals is also known as a what?  
a)
Autrotroph
b)
Heterotroph
36.
In a food web and a food chain, you show arrows to demonstrate how the ___________ transfers from one organism to the other.  
a)
Food
b)
Animals
c)
Energy
d)
Producers
37.

ow many types of organisms in this food web obtain energy directly from producers?

a)

two

b)

three

c)

four

d)

five

38.

Which list contains only animals that receive energy transferred directly from consumers in this food web?

a)

Red-tailed hawks, snowshoe hares, and caterpillars

b)

Snowshoe hares and caterpillars

c)

Snowshoe hares and shrews

d)

Shrews and red foxes

39.

The original source of energy for a food web is...

a)

plants

b)

sun

c)

producers

d)

decomposers

40.

Decomposers get energy from...

a)

the sun

b)

eating plants

c)

eating animals

d)

dead things and waste

41.

Arrows in a food web represent...

a)

eating

b)

sunlight

c)

energy

d)

matter

42.

Who is the producer?

a)

lettuce

b)

greenfly

c)

ladybird

d)

thrush

43.
Which relationship describes predator/prey
a)
hawks and shrubs
b)
mountain lion and deer
c)
frogs and trees
d)
grasses and crickets
44.
An organism that uses sunlight to create its own food is known as a:
a)
Producer
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Decomposer
45.

Which type of organism should replace the X in the food web?

a)

an omnivore

b)

an herbivore

c)

a carnivore

d)

a producer

46.

A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed...

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

47.

A relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

48.

A relationship between two organisms in which one is benefited and the other is harmed.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

49.

Ostriches and gazelles eat together. They both watch for predators and danger. Since they see things differently, they each can identify threats the other animal may not see. Both species are benefited.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

50.

Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers and the eggs hatch. The larvae eat some of the seeds, and spread them around. Both species are benefited.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

51.

Mistletoe takes water and nutrients from the oak tree. This is good for the mistletoe but bad for the tree.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

52.

A bison walks through the grass, insects fly up and are seen and eaten by egrets. This neither harms nor helps the bison, but it is easier for the egrets to get food.

a)

mutualism

b)

parasitism

c)

commensalism

53.

A flea feeds on a mouse’s blood. This is good for the flea but bad for the mouse.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

54.

Hermit crabs live in shells that snails don't use anymore. The hermit crab gets a nice free home. This neither harms nor helps the snails.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

55.

Birds build nests out of dead twigs and leaves. They build their nests in living trees. This doesn't hurt the tree.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

56.
A coyote captures, kills, and eats a rabbit. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
57.
A tapeworm lives in the intestines of a dog. It absorbs food the dog has eaten and grows larger in the process. The dog becomes weaker from malnutrition. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
58.
Remoras are small fish that swim close to or attach themselves to sharks.  Remoras eat small scraps left as the sharks feed and the sharks are unaffected. 
a)
Competition
b)
Predation
c)
Mutualism
d)
Commensalism
59.
Which symbols best describe mutualism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
60.
Which symbols best describe parasitism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
61.
Which symbols best describe commensalism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
0,0
62.

Mosquitoes are parasitic with humans because: (choose 2)

a)

They feed off human blood

b)

The human host is harmed

c)

They are annoying

d)

they spread disease

63.

Bromeliads and trees are in a commensal relationship because: (choose 2)

a)

the tree provides shelter and an environment for the bromeliad

b)

the tree is harmed from the bromeliad taking food from it

c)

the tree is not harmed or helped by the bromeliad

d)

the tree takes nutrients from the bromeliad

64.

Predation is similar to _______________ in that both types of relationship benefit one of the interacting species while the other is harmed.

a)

Parasitism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Mutualism

65.

Which of the following best describes a difference between a mutualistic relationship and a parasitic

relationship?

a)

Parasitism harms both organisms, while mutualism harms only one organism.

b)

Parasitism benefits only one organism, while mutualism benefits both organisms.

c)

Parasitism involves only two organisms, while mutualism involves many organisms.

d)

Parasitism continues for many generations, while mutualism is limited to one generation.

66.
A relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
67.
Two organisms fighting over the same resource.
a)
commensalism
b)
niche
c)
competition
68.
A relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped.
a)
commensalism
b)
competition
c)
niche
69.
A relationship between two organisms where one species benefits while the other is harmed.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
70.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales.  This neither harms nor benefits the whales.  What type of symbiotic  relationship is this?
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
71.
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths.  The moths lay their eggs in the flowers where the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds.  Both species benefit.  What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
72.
A flea feeds on a mouses' blood to the harming of the mouse.  What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
73.
Hermit crabs live in shells made and then abandoned by snails.  This neither harms nor benefits the snails.  What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
74.
Mistletoe takes water and nutrients from the spruce tree.  The spruce tree eventually dies.  What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
a)
commensalism
b)
parasitism
c)
mutualism
75.
In a parasitic relationship, one organism is ___________ and one organism is benefiting. 
a)
helped
b)
harmed
c)
not effected
d)
happy
76.
Cattle egrets foraging in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to food and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
77.
Remoras are small fish that swim close to or attach themselves to sharks.  Remoras eat small scraps left as the sharks feed and the sharks are unaffected. 
a)
Competition
b)
Predation
c)
Mutualism
d)
Commensalism
78.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. Since the barnacle is a filter feeder, it also gets access to more water (and food) due to the relationship. The whale is unaffected.
This is an example of which type of symbiosis?
a)
Commensalism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Parasitism
d)
Competition
79.
 Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower. What type of symbiosis is this?
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
80.
What type of symbiosis is this?
Snails die and leave behind their shells.Hermit crabs find shells left by snails that have died and move in. 
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
81.

Rainforest, Deciduous Forest & Tangia

a)

3 Grassland Biomes

b)

3 Desert Biomes

c)

3 Blind Mice

d)

3 Forest Biomes

82.

are large, open spaces where mostly grass grows. Trees only grow near rivers or streams. The soil is very rich. The largest land animals live in this area

a)

marine

b)

grasslands

c)

forest

d)

tundra

83.

are very, very dry. During the day, it can get above 100 degrees Fahrenheit (F), but at night the temperature can drop into the 40s & 50s( F): have very little rainfall.

a)

tangias

b)

deserts

c)

tundra

d)

grasslands

84.

are found near the equator. They have the largest variety of plant and animal life. They are very warm and very wet. Some of them can get as much as 400 inches of rain every year.

a)

desert rain forest

b)

tropical rain forest

c)

arctic rain forest

d)

temperate rain forests

85.
Which biome is home to cacti, scorpions, coyotes, kangaroo rats, and lizards?
a)
Desert
b)
Grasslands
c)
Temperate Forest
d)
Taiga
86.
Which biome is home to lions, zebras, wildebeests, giraffes, and elephants?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Tundra
c)
Rainforest
d)
Temperate Forest
87.
In which 2 biomes can only plants/animals with adaptations survive?
a)
Taiga/Temperate Forest
b)
Grasslands/Desert
c)
Tundra/Desert
d)
Rainforest/Tundra
88.
Which biome has the most variety of plants and animals?
a)
Temperate Forest
b)
Rainforest
c)
Tundra
d)
Grasslands
89.
Which biome do we live in?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Taiga
c)
Rainforest
d)
Temperate Forest
90.
Which biome produces over 50% of the world's oxygen?
a)
Rainforest
b)
Temperate Forest
c)
Grasslands
d)
Taiga
91.
Which biome is home to jaguars, anacondas, leopards, gorillas, and poisonous tree frogs?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Temperate Forest
c)
Rainforest
d)
Tundra
92.
Which biome could an animal who hibernates in the winter to survive the cold live in?
a)
Grasslands
b)
Taiga
c)
Desert
d)
Rainforest
93.
What term is given by scientists to the living parts of an ecosystem?
a)
Biotic Factors
b)
Abiotic Factors
c)
Community
d)
Population
94.
Abiotic factors are parts of the environment that are...
a)
Nonliving 
b)
Living
c)
Populations
d)
Vegetation

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