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Semester 1 Biology Final

Total questions: 135

Worksheet time: 34hrs 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the 1st step of the scientific method? (THERE IS 5 TOTAL STEPS)

a)

observe/ask questions

b)

  • hypothesis

c)

design controlled experiment

d)

  • record and analyze data

2.

What is the 2nd step of the scientific method? (THERE IS 5 TOTAL STEPS)

a)

  • observe/ask questions

b)

  • hypothesis

c)

  • record and analyze data

d)

  • conclusion

3.

What is the 3rd step of the scientific method? (THERE IS 5 TOTAL STEPS)

a)

  • design controlled experiment

b)

  • observe/ask questions

c)

  • conclusion

d)

  • record and analyze data

4.

What is the 4th step of the scientific method? (THERE IS 5 TOTAL STEPS)

a)

  • record and analyze data

b)

  • conclusion

c)

observe/ask questions

d)

  • hypothesis

5.

What is the 5th step of the scientific method? (THERE IS 5 TOTAL STEPS)

a)

conclusion

b)

  • hypothesis

c)

record and analyze data

d)

observe/ask questions

6.

What step of the scientific method INITIATES scientific inquiry?

a)

observation

b)

hypothesis

c)

conclusion

d)

record/analyze data

7.

What quality should a well-constructed hypothesis have?

a)

It is correct

b)

It is testable

c)

It is incorrect

d)

It is not testable

8.

Why is the hypothesis important?

a)

It is always the correct answer to a scientific question.

b)

It provides the foundation for scientists to conduct experiments.

c)

It is data.

d)

It is incorrect.

9.

What is the purpose of the independent variable?

a)

It responds to changes in the dependent variable.

b)

It is deliberately changed to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

c)

It is the constant in the experiment.

d)

It remains unaffected by the experiment.

10.

Measurements of temperature ( _ degrees Fahrenheit)

a)

Quantitative

b)

Qualitative

11.

Number of organisms in a population

a)

Quantitative

b)

Qualitative

12.

Descriptions of an organism's color and texture

a)

Quantitative

b)

Qualitative

13.

Observations of a chemical reaction rate (fast, slow, immediate)

a)

Quantitative

b)

Qualitative

14.

Color of grass

a)

Quantitative

b)

Qualitative

15.

Height of a tree

a)

Quantitative

b)

Qualitative

16.

What variable is data collected from?

a)

Independent variable

b)

Dependent variable

17.

Biologists study ___

a)

living things

b)

non-living things

c)

space

18.

What is a scientific theory?

a)

A rigorously tested hypothesis.

b)

A hypothesis that has been proven once.

c)

A hypothesis that has never been proven.

d)

An observation.

19.

What is the M in MR. H2O?

a)

metabolism

b)

reproduction

c)

homeostasis

d)

organization

20.

What is the R in MR. H2O?

a)

metabolism

b)

heredity

c)

reproduction

d)

homeostasis

21.

What are the 2 H's in MR. H2O? (choose 2 answers)

a)

homeostais

b)

heredity

c)

reproduction

d)

organization

22.

What is the O in MR. H2O?

a)

reproduction

b)

heredity

c)

organization

d)

metabolism

23.

What are the quality(s) of metabolism? (2 CORRECT ANSWERS)

a)

obtain/use materials

b)

growth and development

c)

response to stimuli

d)

cell(s)

24.

What is the quality of reproduction?

a)

response to stimuli

b)

adaptation

c)

reproduction

d)

growth and development

25.

What are the quality(s) of homeostasis? (2 CORRECT ANSWERS)

a)

response to stimuli

b)

homeostais

c)

adaptation

d)

reproduction

26.

What are the quality(s) of heredity? (2 CORRECT ANSWERS)

a)

organization

b)

cells

c)

heredity

d)

adaptation

27.

What are the quality(s) of organization? (2 CORRECT ANSWERS)

a)

growth and development

b)

adaptation

c)

organization

d)

cells

28.

Why is cell specialization important?

a)

It is necessary for efficient cell function.

b)

It isn't; it makes an organism worse.

29.

What does homeostasis mean?

a)

Maintaining a stable internal environment

b)

Responding to stimuli in the environment

c)

Exhibiting behaviors or psychological changes

d)

Converting energy to sustain life functions

30.

What characteristic of MR. H2O ensures the continuity of a species by PASSING DOWN TRAITS through generations?

a)

heredity

b)

reproduction

c)

organization

d)

metabolism

31.

What is the smallest unit of life?

a)

cell

b)

atom

c)

electron

d)

neutron

32.

How are water molecules polar?

a)

Water molecules are positively charged

b)

Water molecules are negatively charged

c)

Water molecules have partial charges; they are slightly positive on one side and negative on the other

d)

Water molecules have no charge

33.

What side of a water molecule is slightly positive?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Oxygen

34.

What side of a water molecule is slightly negative?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Oxygen

35.

What is the main reason behind water's ability to absorb large amounts of energy before the temperature changes significantly?

a)

Low boiling point

b)

High specific heat capacity

c)

Low heat of vaporization

d)

High thermal conductivity

36.

What is the term for water molecules ability to attract and stick TO EACH OTHER, creating surface tension and the formation of water droplets?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Evaporation

d)

Sublimation

37.

How is a covalent bond formed?

a)

When electrons are SHARED between atoms.

b)

When electrons are TRANSFERED between atoms.

38.

Covalent bonds (especially when it comes to Carbon) are essential for creating ___

a)

Macromolecules

b)

Oxygen

c)

Salt

d)

Micromolecules

39.

Which is a macromolecule?

a)

Carbon

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Cohesion

d)

Capillary action

40.

Which is a macromolecule?

a)

Lipids

b)

Life

c)

Lysosome

d)

Leaves

41.

Which is a macromolecule?

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

NADH

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Nature

42.

Which is a macromolecule?

a)

Proteins

b)

Plants

c)

Polarity

d)

Products

43.

Which macromolecule is responsible for long term energy storage, composes the cell membrane, hormones, insulation, protection, and absorption of fat soluble vitamins?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

44.

What process do carbohydrates undergo to produce ATP?

a)

cellular respiration

b)

photosynthesis

c)

diffusion

d)

osmosis

45.

What macromolecule is cellulose made of?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

46.

What is cellulose used for?

a)

Formation of the cell membrane

b)

Formation of the cell wall

c)

Energy

d)

Insulation

47.

TRUE OR FALSE: Activation energy is the energy required to FORM BONDS during a chemical reaction

a)

True

b)

False

48.

What is the term for the materials at the START of a reaction?

a)

Reactants

b)

Products

49.

What is the term for the materials at the END of a reaction?

a)

Reactants

b)

Products

50.

What is the role of enzymes?

a)

There are reactants.

b)

They slow a reaction.

c)

The speed up a reaction.

d)

They are products.

51.

How do enzymes work?

a)

The INCREASE the activation energy.

b)

The DECREASE the activation energy.

52.

Define macromolecule

a)

Large organic molecule

b)

Small organic molecule

c)

Large artificial molecule

d)

Small artificial molecule

53.

Macromolecule used for insulation

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

54.

Macromolecule used for hormones (2 CORRECT ANSWERS)

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

55.

Macromolecule responsible for the structure of a cell membrane (HINT: phospholipids)

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

56.

Macromolecule used for waterproofing

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

57.

Macromolecule that transports other molecules in and out of the cell

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

58.

Macromolecule used for "quick" energy

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

59.

Which element is important because it forms strong/stable bonds with itself, can form chains, and forms strong/stable bonds with other elements?

a)

Carbon

b)

Oxygen

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Hydrogen

60.

What are the pillars of cell theory? (3 ANSWERS)

a)

All living organisms are made of cells

b)

The cell is the most basic structure and organization

c)

New cells have to come from pre-existing cells

d)

All living organisms are made up of multiple cells

61.

Which cell type is larger, more complex, has membrane bound organelles, and has a nucleus?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

62.

How do cells maintain homeostasis?

a)

By regulating what enters and exits

b)

By allowing everything to enter

c)

By allowing nothing to enter

d)

By allowing nothing to leave

63.

What cell is larger and more complex?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

64.

What cell has circular DNA NOT FOUND in the nucleus?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

65.

What cell has membrane bound organelles?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

66.

What cell has a nucleus containing instructions for creating proteins?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

67.

What organelle assembles proteins?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Lysosome

c)

Golgi Appartus

d)

Smooth ER

68.

What processes are done by both the chloroplast and mitochondria? (3 ANSWERS)

a)

Energy processes

b)

Having their own DNA

c)

Reproducing independently

d)

Controlling what enters and exits the cell

69.

Chloroplasts are present in ___

a)

Both plant and animal cells

b)

Just plant cells

c)

Just animal cells

d)

Neither plant or animal cells

70.

Mitochondria is present in ___

a)

Both plant and animal cells

b)

Just plant cells

c)

Just animal cells

d)

Neither plant or animal cells

71.

What cell part is essential for cellular transport?

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

72.

What type of transportation REQUIRES energy?

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

73.

What type of transportation DOES NOT REQUIRE energy?

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

74.

Movement of ANY MOLECULES from an area of high concertation to low concentration

a)

Diffusion

b)

Active Transport

c)

Osmosis

75.

Movement of WATER MOLECULES from an area of high concentration to low concentration

a)

Osmosis

b)

Active Transport

c)

Diffusion

76.

What does equilibrium mean?

a)

Once cells reach equal concentration, they stop moving completely

b)

Cells reach equal concentration but continue to move equally in both directions (NO NET CHANGE)

c)

The concentration is not the same but cells stop moving

77.

The ability of a membrane to allow substances to pass through

a)

Osmosis

b)

Concentration Gradient

c)

Active Transport

d)

Permeability

78.

Which factors influence cell permeability? (4 ANSWERS)

a)

Temperature

b)

Molecule Size

c)

Lipid Solubility

d)

Charge

e)

Presence of transport proteins

79.

What is 1st in cellular hierarchy? (5 TOTAL STAGES) (SMALLEST -> BIGGEST)

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organs

d)

Organ System

e)

Organism

80.

What is 2nd in cellular hierarchy? (5 TOTAL STAGES) (SMALLEST -> BIGGEST)

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ System

e)

Organism

81.

What is 3rd in cellular hierarchy? (5 TOTAL STAGES) (SMALLEST -> BIGGEST)

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ System

e)

Organism

82.

What is 4th in cellular hierarchy? (5 TOTAL STAGES) (SMALLEST -> BIGGEST)

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ System

e)

Organism

83.

What is 5th in cellular hierarchy? (5 TOTAL STAGES) (SMALLEST -> BIGGEST)

a)

Cell

b)

Tissue

c)

Organ

d)

Organ System

e)

Organism

84.

Which part of the cell supports and protects the cell?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondria

85.

What is the role of ATP in cells?

a)

Energy the cell CAN use

b)

Energy the cell CANNOT use

c)

Protects and supports the cell

d)

Controls what enters and exits

86.

How does ATP work like a rechargeable battery in cells?

a)

It stores and releases energy as needed

b)

It doesn't

c)

ATP is not an energy provider but it can lose and gain as needed

87.

One molecule of glucose is used in cellular respiration to produce ___ units of ATP

a)

20-22

b)

10-12

c)

2-4

d)

36-38

88.

Why are plants referred to as autotrophs?

a)

They make their own food

b)

They have to consume other organisms

c)

They can grow

d)

Plants are not autotrophs

89.

During photosynthesis plants convert unusable ___ energy into useable ___ energy.

a)

chemical, solar

b)

solar, chemical

c)

mechanical, chemical

d)

solar, mechanical

90.

Reactants of photosynthesis (2 ANSWERS)

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Water

c)

Oxygen

d)

Glucose

91.

Where does carbon dioxide enter the plant?

a)

Stomata

b)

Roots

c)

Stem

d)

Chlorophyll

92.

Where does water enter the plant?

a)

Stomata

b)

Stem

c)

Roots

d)

Chlorophyll

93.

Products of photosynthesis (2 ANSWERS)

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Water

c)

Oxygen

d)

Glucose

94.

Which answer is true?

a)

The PRODUCTS of photosynthesis are the REACTANTS of cellular respiration

b)

The PRODUCTS of photosynthesis are the PRODUCTS of cellular respiration

c)

The REACTANTS of photosynthesis are the REACTANTS of cellular respiration

95.

What factors impact the rate of photosynthesis? (3 ANSWERS)

a)

Light Intensity

b)

Temperature

c)

Carbon Dioxide concentration

d)

Hydrogen concentration

96.

TRUE OR FALSE: All living organisms undergo cellular respiration

a)

True

b)

False

97.

____ converts chemical energy from glucose into ATP

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Cellular Respiration

c)

Active Transport

d)

Osmosis

98.

Reactants of Cellular Respiration (2 ANSWERS)

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Water

c)

Oxygen

d)

Glucose

99.

First step in cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs's Cycle

c)

Fermentation

d)

Electron Transport

100.

Where does glycolysis occur?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Matrix

d)

Cristae

101.

What is the 2nd step of cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Electron Transport

d)

Matrix

102.

Where does the Krebs Cycle happen?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitchodria

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleus

103.

What is the 3rd step of cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Electron Transport

d)

ATP

104.

Where does the Electron Transport Chain happen?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Chloroplast

105.

If oxygen is NOT present, what step follows glycolysis?

a)

Krebs Cycle

b)

Osmosis

c)

Electron Transport

d)

Fermentation

106.

What type of organism undergoes fermentation to make bread?

a)

Animals

b)

Yeast

c)

Plants

107.

What type of fermentation is used to make bread?

a)

Alcoholic Fermentation

b)

Lactic Acid Fermentation

108.

What type of fermentation occurs in muscle cells?

a)

Lactic Acid Fermentation

b)

Alcoholic Fermentation

109.

Which produces ATP more efficiently?

a)

Fermentation (Anaerobic respiration)

b)

Aerobic respiration

110.

Anaerobic

a)

Require oxygen

b)

Does not require oxygen

111.

Aerobic

a)

Requires oxygen

b)

Does not require oxygen

112.

An oxygen debt requires humans to do what after physical exertion?

a)

Breath heavily

b)

Sleep

c)

Eat

113.

Reproduction that requires ONE parent

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

114.

Offspring is genetically identical to parent(s)

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

115.

Efficient in stable environments because it promotes genetic uniformity

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

116.

An advantage of ___ reproduction is that it allows for adaptation through genetic diversity/variation

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexualq

117.

Which process creates genetically identical cells used for growth and repair?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

118.

Which process does NOT require mating?

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

119.

Primary purpose of ___ is to reduce chromosome number by half

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

120.

What process occurs in reproductive cells (gametes)?

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

121.

Binary fission is an example of what type of reproduction?

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

122.

Contributes to genetic variation through the process of crossing over

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

123.

What PROCESS leads to genetic variation in sexual reproduction?

a)

Crossing over

b)

Spindle fibers

c)

Somatic

d)

Gamete

124.

What qualities describe MITOSIS? (2 ANSWERS)

a)

Genetically identical

b)

Diploid

c)

Haploid

d)

Genetically diverse

125.

What qualities describe MEIOSIS? (2 ANSWERS)

a)

Genetically identical

b)

Genetically diverse

c)

Haploid

d)

Diploid

126.

What quality is necessary for adaptation and evolution?

a)

Genetic diversity

b)

Identical genetics

127.

What occurs during crossing over?

a)

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes

b)

The exchange of genetic material between chromatin

c)

The destruction of genetic material

d)

The creation of genetic material

128.

How do MULTICELLULAR organism benefit from mitosis?

a)

It helps with growth and repair

b)

It is a form of reproduction

c)

It provides energy

d)

Multicellular organisms do not benefit from mitosis

129.

What happens during binary fission?

a)

One cell divides into two identical cells

b)

One cell divides into two not identical cells

c)

Two cells join to become one cell

d)

One cell divides into four identical cells

130.

Which organisms experience binary fission?

a)

Plants

b)

Animals

c)

Bacteria

131.

If an organisms egg cell (gamete, haploid) contains 10 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the body cell (somatic, diploid) contain?

a)

10

b)

20

c)

30

d)

40

132.

Budding in yeast is an example of ___

a)

Asexual reproduction

b)

Sexual reproduction

133.

What is the difference in chromosome number between the parent cell and daughter cell in mitosis?

a)

The daughter cell has half as many chromosomes

b)

The daughter cell has double the amount of chromosomes

c)

The daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes

134.

Spindle fibers do what during cell division?

a)

Move chromosomes

b)

Join chromosomes

c)

Separate chromosomes

d)

Destroy chromosomes

135.

Too much of a demand for DNA and/or trouble getting rid of nutrients/waste can cause a cell to do what? (2 ANSWERS)

a)

Grow very quickly

b)

Stop growing

c)

Divide

d)

The cell is not affected

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