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Benchmark 2 Review 2024

Total questions: 156

Worksheet time: 2hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What Are The Three Main Types Of Rocks?

a)

Igneous, Depository, Metamorphic

b)

Depository, Igneous, Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic, Igneous, Depository

d)

Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

2.

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

a)

Heating and cooling

b)

Deposition

c)

Heating and pressure

d)

Materials gathering and pressing together

3.

How are igneous rocks formed?

a)

Sediment forming together

b)

Heating and pressure

c)

Cooling

d)

Deposition

4.

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

a)

Heating and pressure

b)

Sediment forming together

c)

Weathering

d)

Cooling

5.

Rocks can turn into any other rocks?

a)

True

b)

False

6.

Minerals and rocks are the same?

a)

True

b)

False

7.

Rocks have four main characteristics that are used to classify them?

a)

True

b)

False

8.

What are the four characteristics used to classify rocks?

a)

Formation, mineral composition, erosion

b)

Formation, mineral composition, texture, color

c)

Streak, mineral composition, color, texture

d)

Formation, mineral composition, texture, erosion

9.

What are rocks made of?

a)

Salt

b)

Minerals

c)

Other rocks

d)

Sand

10.

The color of a rock is a result of its chemical composition?

a)

True

b)

False

11.

What is texture determined by?

a)

Color

b)

Erosion

c)

The size, shape, and pattern of its grains

d)

The look of it

12.

What are grains?

a)

The grains are the particles of minerals that give a rock its texture

b)

Lines

c)

Bumps, lines, and dots

d)

It's chemical composition

13.

The rocks cycle follows a specific order?

a)

True

b)

False

14.

What can cause rocks to change?

a)

The Earth's orbit around the sun

b)

Environmental conditions

c)

The minerals falling apart

d)

Internal conditions

15.

No rock lasts forever

a)

True

b)

False

16.

Paleontology is the study of (a)   , from dinosaurs to prehistoric plants, mammals, fish, insects, fungi, and even microbes.

17.

Using info on the previous slide, answer the next 3 questions.


While fossils reveal what ancient living things looked like, they keep us guessing about...

a)

color

b)

sounds

c)

bone structure

d)

age

18.

Which of the following happened to most once living things?

a)

scavengers ate them

b)

they turned into fossils

c)

wind and weather preserved them

19.

True or False: Most fossils on earth will never be found

a)

True

b)

False

20.

Over millions of years, sedimentary layers form from which of the following?

a)

sand

b)

silt

c)

dead plants & animals

d)

molten lava

21.

From the previous slide: Once a species becomes extinct it ____________ from the fossil ______________ and the geologic column ends.

a)

disappears, record

b)

flourishes, column

c)

appears, book

22.

How does a Carbon Film form to create a fossil?

a)

space left by a dying organism fills in with minerals

b)

gas and liquid from a decaying organism is squeezed out an a film of carbon is left as an outline

c)

original remains are preserved in amber

d)

fossils in the form of footprints, trails and burrows become fossilized

23.

Do you feel that you've learned much about fossils and paleontology from this lesson?

a)

Nothing at all

b)

Not much

c)

Some

d)

Very much

24.
An organism that no longer exists on Earth is called
a)
Decayed
b)
Evolved
c)
Extinct
d)
Preserved
25.
Which rock layer contains the newest fossils?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
C
26.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface
27.
The best index fossils have which two traits?
a)
widespread geographically, long lifespan
b)
widespread geographically, short lifespan
c)
specific place, long lifespan
d)
specific place, short lifespan
28.
Index fossils help determine relative age through correlating rock layers.
a)
True
b)
False
29.
One of the oldest organisms discovered is called a(n) _________.
a)
dinosaur
b)
micro-organism
c)
trilobite
d)
cast and mold fossil
30.
The Law of Superposition helps scientists to determine what?
a)
The absolute age of rock layers
b)
The age of fossils
c)
The relative age of rock layers
d)
the super powers of rocks
31.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
32.
Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
A
33.
Which rock layer most likely contains fossils of the most recently evolved organisms?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
34.
How old do Paleontologists believe the Earth is?
a)
2015 years old
b)
3.6 billion years old
c)
4.6 billion years old
d)
4.6 million years old
35.
Which of the following organisms formed last on Earth?
a)
Jellyfish
b)
Shark
c)
Lizards
d)
Horses
36.
To be considered an index fossil, it had to have lived for a relatively short period of time.
a)
True
b)
False
37.

What is this?

a)

blizzard

b)

drought

c)

dust storm

38.

What is this?

a)

drought

b)

dust storm

c)

earthquake

39.

What is this?

a)

dust storm

b)

earthquake

c)

fire

40.

What is this?

a)

earthquake

b)

fire

c)

flooding

41.

What is this?

a)

fire

b)

flooding

c)

fog

42.

What is this?

a)

flooding

b)

fog

c)

heatwave

43.

What is this?

a)

fog

b)

heatwave

c)

hurricane

44.

What is this?

a)

heatwave

b)

hurricane

c)

ice

45.

What is this?

a)

hurricane

b)

ice

c)

lightning

46.

What is this?

a)

ice

b)

lightning

c)

storm

47.

What is this?

a)

lightning

b)

storm

c)

thunderstorm

48.

What is this?

a)

storm

b)

thunderstorm

c)

tornado

49.

What is this?

a)

thunderstorm

b)

tornado

c)

tsunami

50.

What is this?

a)

tornado

b)

tsunami

c)

volcano

51.

What is this?

a)

tsunami

b)

volcano

c)

bilzzard

52.

What is this?

a)

volcano

b)

blizzard

c)

drought

53.

​ (a)   was proposed by ​ (b)   and suggested that the ​ (c)   are in constant motion.

Choose from the below words
Continental drift
Alfred Wegener
continents
Harry Hess
Seafloor Spreading
oceans
54.

The earth's plates, rigid slabs of rock, "float" on the ___ .

a)

asthenosphere

b)

lithosphere

c)

mantle

d)

granitic rock

55.

The earth's outer shell is divided into slabs of rock called ______ .

a)

continental plates

b)

crustal plates

c)

trench plates

d)

tectonic plates

56.

What is a driving force behind the movement of the plates?

a)

b)

c)

d)

57.

Place each label in the correct category.

Categorize the following

older

granite

less dense

younger

basltic

recycles

Continental Crust
Oceanic Crust
58.

Match the following

a)
1.

divergent

b)
2.

convergent

c)
3.

transform

59.

At which plate boundary is new crust formed?

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

continental

d)

transform

60.

What type of crusts are involved with one plate subducting beneath another?

a)

continental and continental

b)

Oceanic and continental

c)

oceanic and divergent

d)

continental and convergent

61.

What types of landforms are formed at convergent boundaries?

PICK TWO

a)

volcanoes

b)

new crust

c)

Trenches

d)

rift valley

62.

What is the WHOLE AREA called where the oceanic crust goes beneath the continental crust?

a)

subtraction zone

b)

section zone

c)

secondary zone

d)

subduction zone

63.

At which boundary is crust neither consumed or created?

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

d)

oceanic

64.

Drag the labels to the correct the locations on the diagram.

a)

convergent boundary

b)

Mid-ocean Ridge

c)

slab pull

d)

trench

e)

divergent boundary

1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
65.

The majority of the world's earthquakes and volcanoes occur along the _ .

(a)  

66.

Select ALL the reasons for plate movement.

a)

Polar Reversal

b)

Convection Currents

c)

Ridge Push

d)

Slab Pull

67.

What happens where an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate?

a)

The denser oceanic plate slides on top of the less dense continental plate.

b)

The denser oceanic plate slides under the less dense continental plate.

c)

The less dense oceanic plate slides past the denser continental plate.

d)

The less dense oceanic plate slides under the denser continental plate.

68.

At what type of plate boundary are most high continental mountains formed?

a)

convergent boundary

b)

hotspots

c)

divergent boundary

d)

transform boundary

e)

mid-ocean ridges

69.

What kind of plate movement created the Himalayan Mountains?

a)

convergence of oceanic crust with continental crust.

b)

divergence between two continental crustal plates.

c)

transform movement between oceanic and continental crustal plates.

d)

convergence of two plates composed of continental crust.

70.

What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together, causing one plate to descend into the mantle beneath the other plate?

a)

transform fault boundary

b)

convergent boundary

c)

divergent boundary

d)

hotspots

71.

Deep ocean trenches are associated with:

a)

mid-ocean ridge systems.

b)

transform fault boundaries.

c)

subduction zones.

d)

rift zones.

72.

Rift valleys, like the Great African Rift Valley, form as a result of:

a)

crustal compression.

b)

divergent boundaries

c)

convergent boundaries

d)

subduction zones

73.

A mid-ocean ridge is an example of what type of plate boundary?

a)

convergent zone

b)

divergent zone

c)

transform zone

d)

subduction zone

74.

The youngest rocks on the ocean floor are typically located near what feature?

a)

a mid-ocean ridge

b)

a subduction zone

c)

on an island arc

d)

a deep-sea trench

75.

A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary?

a)

convergent boundary

b)

transform boundary

c)

divergent boundary

d)

hotspot

76.

What kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without destroying or producing new lithosphere?

a)

divergent boundary

b)

hotspots

c)

convergent boundary

d)

transform boundary

77.

Which type of plate boundary is in the southern California region?

a)

passive margin

b)

divergent boundary

c)

convergent boundary

d)

transform boundary

78.

A resource that we can use more than once is called a _____ resource.

a)

Renewable

b)

Nonrenewable

c)

Reusable

d)

Recyclable

79.

Which of the following is NOT a natural resource

a)

iPads

b)

Trees

c)

Wind

d)

Fossil fuels

80.

True or False: It is possible to make more nonrenewable resources in our lifetime.

a)

True

b)

False

81.

What is deforestation?

a)

Cutting down trees in a forest.

b)

Planting new trees on empty land.

c)

Using trees to produce oxygen.

d)

Looking for new types of medicine in a forest.

82.

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

a)

Solar power

b)

Wood from trees

c)

Oil used for gasoline

d)

Coal that powers a factory

83.

Where are fossil fuels found?

a)

In the Earth

b)

In the forest

c)

In animals

d)

In the atmosphere

84.

Fossil fuels are produced over _____ of years.

a)

Hundreds of millions of years

b)

Thousands of years

c)

hundreds of years

d)

every year

85.

What do we need to use solar power for our electricity?

a)

Solar panels

b)

Sun panels

c)

Solar engines

d)

A sun motor

86.

Why are trees considered natural resources?

a)

People use them to make paper, lumber, fuel, and other products.

b)

They provide shade.

c)

They are a source of firewood

d)

They can grow back after they are cut down.

87.

True or False: Glass is a natural resource.

a)

False

b)

True

88.

Which of these is the most sensible way to conserve natural resources?

a)

Walk or ride your bike when you can, instead of driving in the car.

b)

Stop using all electricity.

c)

Never ride in the car.

d)

Don't use any products made from trees.

89.

How does recycling conserve resources?

a)

It allows us to reuse things instead of making new ones.

b)

It means there will be less garbage trucks driving around.

c)

We can recycle everything, even food!

d)

There will be no more trash at the dump.

90.

One example of a natural resource could be:

4 lines
91.

Which of these is classified as a renewable resource?

a)

Natural gas

b)

Minerals

c)

Plants

d)

Crude oil

92.

Sunlight is a _________ resource

a)

Renewable

b)

Nonrenewable

93.

Select all the renewables.

a)

Air

b)

Natural Gas

c)

Wind

d)

Rocks and Minerals

e)

Fish

94.

How long do you think it takes a renewable resource to come back?

4 lines
95.

How long does oil take to form?

a)

100 years

b)

1,000 years

c)

A few months

d)

Millions of years

96.

Why isn't oil found everywhere on Earth, and only in certain places?

4 lines
97.

Since natural gas is formed from dead plants, it's a renewable resource.

a)

True

b)

False

98.

How long does it take non-renewable resources to come back?

4 lines
99.

All of the following are considered renewable energy sources EXCEPT –

a)

Wind

b)

Coal

c)

Biomass

d)

Solar

100.

The wise use of natural resources is called

a)

Biomass

b)

Conservation

c)

Production

d)

Restoration

101.

What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources?

a)

Renewable resources can be replaced faster than non-renewable.

b)

Non-renewable resources can be replaced by more resources.

c)

non-renewable resources cannot be used by humans.

d)

Renewable resources are renewed into something new.

102.
Any useful material that is found in nature:
a)

Natural Resource

b)

Human Resource

c)

Plants

103.
Which of the following shows where soil formation happens at a faster rate?
a)
Cold, dry climate
b)
Steep Slopes
c)
Valleys and Flat Areas
d)
Few animals and plants are present
104.
Which are contained in soil?
a)
Small rock fragments and air
b)
Inorganic humus and dead animals
c)
Earthworms and crete
d)
Landslides and water
105.
What is the movement of soil from one place to another?
a)
weathering
b)
deposition
c)
discharge
d)
erosion
106.
Weathering and erosion are the same thing.
a)
True
b)
False
107.
Waves dropping sand on the beach is called?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Movement
108.
The process of moving weathered rock and depositing it in another location is called?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
109.
Soil formation begins with the weathering of_______.
a)
Humus
b)
Subsoil
c)
Litter
d)
Rock
110.
Humus is.....
a)
the dead parts of plants and animals in soil.
b)
A food we eat with pretzels.
c)
The tiny particles inside of soil
d)
The roots that come off of a plant and live in soil.
111.
How would you describe the texture of "sandy" soil?
a)
sticky
b)
gritty
c)
smooth
d)
slimy
112.
Decayed organic material turns into dark colored material called __.
a)
litter
b)
clay
c)
humus
d)
soil
113.
According to our lab on soil and water absorption, which soil held the most amount of water?
a)
Clay
b)
Potting Soil
c)
Gravel
d)
Sand
114.
During the landslide lab, what were we testing for?
a)
Which soil was most slippery
b)
What type of soil has more frequent landslides
c)
What type of soil is safer to build on
d)
What type of soil is not located on a mountain
115.
Potholes in streets are caused by
a)
carbonation
b)
hydrolysis
c)
oxidation
d)
ice wedging
116.
What is the first step of soil formation?
a)
humus decomposing
b)
nitrates being absorbed by the plant roots
c)
weathering of parent rock
d)
climate changing
117.
Weathering occurs fastest in
a)
cold, dry climates
b)
cold, wet climates
c)
hot, dry climates
d)
hot, wet climates
118.
The MAIN  thing Decomposers do for the the soil is the following:
a)
Store moisture
b)
Burrow deep in the soil
c)
Make space for air and water
d)
Break down and digest dead organisms
119.
What is soil composed of?
a)
weathered rock
b)
minerals
c)
living things
d)
all of the above
120.
Which type of climate will cause the slowest weathering and soil formation?
a)
humid and hot
b)
dry and cold
c)
moderate temperature
d)
cold and wet
121.
Which of the following processes will most likely contribute to the development of soil?
a)
Volcanic eruptions that make new land
b)
Building up of snow in very cold areas
c)
Migration of animals to warmer climates
d)
Breaking down of rock by wind, water, and ice
122.
Earthworms, moles and other animals help soil formation by:
a)
Breaking rock down
b)
Mixing and loosening soil by burrowing 
c)
Draining the water from soil
d)
Eating soil
123.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
124.
During which stage do clouds form?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
125.

Which part of the image of rocks will hold more water?

a)

Right

b)

Left

c)

Center

126.

This is the flow of underground water when it reaches the surface.

a)

Groundwater

b)

Spring

c)

Geyser

d)

Well

127.

What percent of the Earth is Fresh Water?

a)

97%

b)

45%

c)

22%

d)

3%

128.

Which example is a form of precipitation?

a)

Dew

b)

Fog

c)

Frost

d)

Hail

129.

In which area would the rate of evaporation be the lowest?

a)

Over the ocean

b)

Over the mountains

c)

Over the rainforest

d)

Over the desert

130.

As a part of the water cycle, water from Earth's surface enters the clouds and finally falls back to the ground in the form of rain. What is the correct sequence of processes water undergoes?

a)

Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation

b)

Precipitation, Condensation, Evaporation

c)

Condensation, Evaporation, Precipitation

d)

Evaporation, Precipitation, Condensation

131.

What would happen if the Sun is removed from the water cycle?

a)

The water cycle would not include precipitation but would continue with groundwater flow.

b)

The water cycle would no longer occur because the Sun provides the energy for evaporation and transpiration.

c)

The water cycle would no longer occur because the Sun provides energy for the formation of clouds.

d)

The water cycle would not include evaporation and transpiration but would continue with condensation.

132.

A student draws a model to represent the precesses involved in the water cycle, as shown. To which process is the formation of clouds related?

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Freezing

d)

Melting

133.

The image shows various stages in the water cycle. During which stage does water flow back towards the sea as runoff?

a)

W

b)

X

c)

Y

d)

Z

134.
What items flow together to make a river system? 
a)
streams and rivers
b)
ponds
c)
lakes
d)
oceans
135.
The streams and small rivers that feed into a main river are
a)
resevoirs
b)
lakes
c)
tributaries
d)
watersheds
136.
One watershed is separated from another by a ridge of land called a 
a)
tributary
b)
watershed
c)
divide
d)
resevoir
137.
The land area that supplies water to a river system
a)
divide
b)
watershed
c)
tributary
d)
lake
138.
Ponds and lakes form when water collects in __________ and low-lying areas of lands
a)
glaciers
b)
hollows
c)
prairie
d)
forests
139.
A lake that stores water for human use. 
a)
pond
b)
stream
c)
reservoir
d)
sea
140.
Natural processes and _________ activities can cause lakes to disappear.
a)
robot
b)
human
c)
cloud
d)
space
141.
When nutrients build up in a lake.
a)
eutrophication
b)
reservoir
c)
watershed
d)
divide
142.
How much of Earth's freshwater is available for use?
a)
97%
b)
3%
c)
2%
d)
1%
143.
What is the energy source for the water cycle?
a)
the sun
b)
the earth
c)
water
d)
the moon
144.
What part of the water cycle does this picture show?
a)
condensation
b)
precipitation
c)
evaporation
145.
What part of the water cycle does this picture show?
a)
condensation
b)
precipitation
c)
evaporation
146.
What is evaporation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
147.
What is condensation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
148.
What is precipitation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
149.
When water condenses, the water vapor in the air gets ___________ and changes back into liquid.
a)
cold
b)
hot
c)
warm
d)
solid
150.
Which is the opposite of condensation?
a)
runoff
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
d)
transpiration
151.
Which best explains why runoff is important?
a)
It returns water to other locations on Earth
b)
It increases the chance of flooding
c)
It makes evaporation occur faster
d)
It increases condensation
152.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
153.
When water _________, dew forms.
a)
Melts
b)
Evaporates
c)
Condenses
d)
Precipitates
154.
What is a layer of rock or sediment that holds water?
a)
glacier
b)
well
c)
aquifer
d)
natural spring
155.
How much of our planet is estimated to be covered with water?
a)
68%
b)
50%
c)
97%
d)
75%
156.
How much of our planet's water is saltwater?
a)
75%
b)
1%
c)
99%
d)
97%

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