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WorksheetsLevels of Organization in Living Organisms
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 55mins
What is the correct order of levels of organization in living organisms from simplest to most complex?
Organism → Organ System → Organs → Tissues → Cells
Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ System → Organism
Tissues → Cells → Organs → Organism → Organ System
Organs → Organ System → Cells → Tissues → Organism
What is the role of the receptor in homeostasis?
It sends input via the efferent pathway.
It detects changes in the environment.
It corrects the imbalance.
It controls the response to change.
What does the control centre do after receiving input via the afferent pathway?
It directly corrects the imbalance.
It sends output via the efferent pathway.
It detects changes in the environment.
It responds to the change.
What is the function of the effector in the homeostasis process?
It sends input via the afferent pathway.
It detects the change.
It responds to the change.
It acts as the control centre.
What is homeostasis?
The response to change in the environment.
The control centre of the body.
The maintenance of the internal environment.
The pathway for sending input and output.
What does positive feedback do in a system?
Decreases the rate of change towards equilibrium
Maintains homeostasis
Creates a 'chain reaction' and increases the rate of change away from equilibrium
Responds to return the body to normal conditions
Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?
Blood clotting
Fruit ripening
Childbirth
Shivering when cold
What is the main purpose of negative feedback in the body?
To increase the temperature when it is too low
To maintain homeostasis
To create a chain reaction
To increase the rate of change away from equilibrium
What happens when a thermostat set at 72°F detects a temperature rise to 73°F?
The heating system turns on to increase the temperature
The A/C turns off
The A/C turns on to lower the temperature
Nothing happens
Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop?
Immune cells engulf harmful pathogens to prevent infection
After eating, your blood sugar rises, your pancreas releases insulin, and then your blood sugar lowers again
Your red blood cells function best in a slightly basic pH
After being outside in the summer, you develop heat stroke since you are unable to regulate your temperature
Is the following example a negative feedback loop or a positive feedback loop?
Negative feedback loop
Positive feedback loop
Neutral feedback loop
No feedback loop
What is one of the functions of the integumentary system?
Nutrient absorption
Oxygen transportation
Protection from injury & infection
Hormone production
Which layer of the skin is indicated by the term "epidermis"?
The outermost layer
The middle layer
The innermost layer
The layer containing blood vessels
Which of the following is NOT a structure of the integumentary system?
Sweat glands
Hair
Nails
Kidneys
What is the role of the integumentary system in temperature regulation?
It produces hormones to regulate temperature.
It excretes waste to regulate temperature.
It absorbs sunlight to regulate temperature.
It helps in body temperature regulation.
What type of waste is excreted by the integumentary system?
Carbon dioxide
Bile
Water, salts, urea
Digestive enzymes
What is one of the functions of the skeletal system?
Digestion of food
Support for organs
Oxygen transport
Hormone secretion
Which of the following is NOT a structure of the skeletal system?
Bones
Cartilage
Ligaments
Muscles
Where does red blood cell production primarily occur in the skeletal system?
In the cartilage
In the tendons
In the marrow
In the periosteum
What type of bone is also known as spongy bone?
Cortical bone
Trabecular bone
Periosteum
Articular cartilage
What is the name of the membrane covering bone?
Marrow
Epiphyseal plate
Periosteum
Medullary cavity
What is the function of the muscular system?
Digestion only
Blood circulation, breathing, and food digestion
Blood circulation only
Breathing only
What type of muscle is responsible for voluntary movements and is attached to bones?
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
Epithelial Muscle
Which type of muscle is involved in involuntary movements such as digestion and childbirth?
Skeletal Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Connective Muscle
Where are cardiac muscles found?
Throughout the body
In the lungs
Only in the heart
In the stomach
What is the magnification level used to observe the cardiac muscle in the image provided?
150X
300X
400X
200X
Which type of muscle has dark bands and oval-shaped cells as shown in the image?
Skeletal Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Connective Muscle
What is the function of the nervous system?
Transport nutrients
Respond to stimuli, maintain homeostasis, process information
Produce hormones
Protect against diseases
Which of the following are structures of the nervous system?
Heart, lungs, kidneys
Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Muscles, bones, tendons
Stomach, liver, intestines
What are the functional units of the nervous system?
Alveoli
Neurons
Capillaries
Villi
What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?
Transmits signals to other cells
Contains nucleus and organelles
Receives signals from other cells
Protects the neuron
How many dendrites does a neuron typically have?
One
Two
Multiple
None
What does the cell body of a neuron contain?
Myelin sheath
Axon terminals
Nucleus and organelles
Dendrites
What is the role of the axon in a neuron?
Receives signals from other cells
Contains nucleus and organelles
Protects the neuron
Transmits electrical signals to other cells
How many axons does a neuron typically have?
Multiple
Two
None
One
¿Qué parte del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) contiene nervios?
Corazón y pulmones
Cerebro y médula espinal
Brazos y piernas
Estómago e intestinos
¿Qué sistema nervioso controla las acciones voluntarias?
Sistema Nervioso Autónomo
Sistema Nervioso Periférico
Sistema Nervioso Somático
Sistema Nervioso Parasimpático
¿Qué sistema nervioso controla las acciones involuntarias?
Sistema Nervioso Somático
Sistema Nervioso Central
Sistema Nervioso Autónomo
Sistema Nervioso Simpático
¿Qué función tiene el Sistema Nervioso Simpático?
Controla la digestión
Induce calma y relajación
Prepara al cuerpo para la acción y el estrés
Regula el sueño
¿Qué función tiene el Sistema Nervioso Parasimpático?
Genera una respuesta de lucha o huida
Prepara al cuerpo para la acción y el estrés
Induce calma y relajación
Controla las acciones voluntarias
What does the sympathetic nervous system prepare the body for?
Rest and digest
Fight or flight
Active digestion
Slow heart rate
Which of the following is an effect of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Fast and shallow breathing
Faster heart rate
Inactive digestion
Slow, deep breathing
What happens to the pupils when the sympathetic nervous system is activated?
They expand
They become small
They do not change
They close completely
Which system is responsible for the "rest and digest" response?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Central nervous system
Somatic nervous system
What effect does the parasympathetic nervous system have on heart rate?
Increases heart rate
Decreases heart rate
No effect on heart rate
Makes the heart rate irregular
When a person is cut by a sharp object, they instinctively move away. What part of the nervous system controls this response?
Central nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
When a person is cut by a sharp object, they instinctively move away. What part of the nervous system initiates this response?
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
What is the function of the endocrine system?
To provide structural support to the body
To influence growth, development, and metabolism
To transport oxygen and nutrients in the blood
To protect the body from diseases
Hormones are a class of which type of biomolecule?
Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Which of the following is NOT a gland of the endocrine system?
Pancreas
Thyroid
Thymus
Spleen
What type of signaling is depicted in diagram (A) in the image?
Endocrine
Paracrine
Autocrine
Juxtacrine
What type of signaling is depicted in diagram (B) in the image?
Endocrine
Paracrine
Autocrine
Juxtacrine
What is the function of the pituitary gland according to the image?
Controls metabolism
Blood circulation
Stimulates cell division & protein synthesis
Produces insulin for digestion
Which gland is responsible for controlling metabolism?
Adrenal Gland
Thyroid
Pancreas
Thymus
What role does the pancreas play in the endocrine system?
Produces insulin for digestion
Stimulates cell division & protein synthesis
Causes sperm and egg production and puberty
White blood cell production
Which glands are involved in causing sperm and egg production and puberty?
Thyroid and Thymus
Pituitary and Adrenal Gland
Ovaries & Testes
Hypothalamus and Pituitary
What is the primary function of the thymus as shown in the image?
Blood circulation
White blood cell production
Controls metabolism
Stimulates cell division & protein synthesis
Which gland is indicated as being responsible for blood circulation in the endocrine system?
Thyroid
Adrenal Gland
Pancreas
Pituitary
What is the function of the circulatory system?
It transports hormones only.
It regulates body temperature only.
It transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste throughout the body and regulates body temperature.
It is responsible for muscle contraction.
What do arteries do in the circulatory system?
Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Carry oxygenated blood to the body.
Transport blood to cells without oxygen.
Conduct gas exchange directly with tissues.
What is the role of veins in the circulatory system?
They carry oxygenated blood to the heart.
They carry oxygenated blood to the body.
They bring deoxygenated blood to the heart.
They conduct gas exchange with the lungs.
What are capillaries?
Large vessels that transport oxygen only.
Tiny vessels that transport blood to cells and conduct gas exchange.
The main pumps of the circulatory system.
Structures that store blood.
Where is the pulmonary circulation located?
Between the heart and the entire body
Only between the heart and the lungs
Between the heart and the brain
Throughout the entire body
What is the function of the systemic circulation?
Carry blood without oxygen to the lungs
Transport nutrients to the digestive system
Carry oxygen-rich blood to cells
Carry blood with oxygen back to the heart
What does the pulmonary circulation expel from the blood?
Nutrients and minerals
Oxygen and nitrogen
CO₂ and water
Glucose and hormones
Which circulation system carries blood with oxygen back to the heart?
Systemic
Pulmonary
Lymphatic
Peripheral
What is the main difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation in terms of oxygen content in the blood?
Pulmonary circulation carries oxygen-rich blood, while systemic circulation carries blood without oxygen.
Both pulmonary and systemic circulation carry oxygen-rich blood.
Pulmonary circulation carries blood without oxygen, while systemic circulation carries oxygen-rich blood.
Both pulmonary and systemic circulation carry blood without oxygen.
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To digest food
To bring in oxygen for cells, expel carbon dioxide and water
To circulate blood
To control body temperature
Which of the following is not a structure of the respiratory system?
Pharynx
Larynx
Heart
Trachea
What process are the molecules O2, CO2, and H2O involved in within the respiratory system?
Photosynthesis
Digestion
Respiration
Circulation
What are cilia?
Bone-like structures in the body
Hair-like projections on cells
Muscle fibers in the respiratory system
Types of white blood cells
Where are cilia located?
In the heart and the stomach
In the muscles and the skin
In the lungs and the nose
In the brain and the kidneys
What is the function of cilia in the upper respiratory tract?
To absorb nutrients
To push harmful particles out
To exchange gases
To regulate body temperature
Which of the following particles are pushed out by cilia in the upper respiratory tract?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen
Viruses, bacteria, pollen
Food particles, water, enzymes
Which part of the respiratory system is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs?
Nose
Lungs
Alveoli
Arteries
What is the primary function of hemoglobin in the blood?
To transport nutrients
To carry oxygen
To fight infections
To clot blood
Which of the following is not directly involved in the process of breathing?
Carbon dioxide
Veins
Blood
Oxygen
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
To circulate blood throughout the body
To break down and absorb nutrients, salts, and water
To control body temperature
To send signals to the brain
Which of the following is not a structure of the digestive system?
Esophagus
Heart
Stomach
Liver
What is the role of the gut microbiome in the digestive system?
To produce hormones for growth
To help break down food and prevent infection
To filter out toxins from the blood
To absorb oxygen from the air
How many bacterial cells are estimated to be in the human gut?
About 20 trillion
About 30 trillion
About 40 trillion
About 50 trillion
Which organ is not part of the digestive system?
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Lung
Small intestine
What are villi?
Small finger-like projections on each cell of the intestine
Folds on the walls of the small intestine
Muscle layers in the intestine
Capillary beds surrounding the intestine
What is the main function of both villi and microvilli?
To increase the passage of food
To decrease surface area for absorption
To increase surface area for absorption
To transport food to the liver
Where are microvilli located?
On the muscle layers of the intestine
On the capillary beds of the intestine
On each cell of the intestine
On the hepatic portal vein
What is the effect of villi and microvilli on the passage of food through the intestine?
They speed up the passage of food
They have no effect on the passage of food
They slow down the passage of food
They reverse the passage of food
What does saliva break down starches into during chemical digestion?
Proteins
Smaller sugars
Biles
Fats
Which of the following is NOT a part of chemical digestion?
Saliva breaking down starches
Stomach acids and enzymes breaking down proteins
Teeth chewing food
Small intestine breaking down nutrients with enzymes and bile
Where does physical digestion occur through smooth muscle contractions?
In the teeth
In the stomach
In the liver
In the pancreas
What remains the same during physical digestion?
The size of food molecules
The chemical composition of food
The breakdown of proteins
The enzymes involved
What is the primary function of the kidneys in the excretory system?
To transport urine from the bladder to the outside of the body
To hold urine
To filter blood and create urine
To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Which structure in the excretory system is responsible for holding urine?
Urethra
Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
What is the role of the ureter in the excretory system?
It filters blood and creates urine.
It holds urine.
It transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.
It releases urine from the body.
Which of the following is a function of the excretory system?
Produces hormones
Eliminates waste products and maintains homeostasis
Transports oxygen to the cells
Absorbs nutrients from food
What is the main function of the female reproductive system as mentioned in the image?
To produce reproductive cells and provide an environment for the embryo
To regulate the development of the endocrine system
To undergo meiosis and produce four haploid cells
To create sperm cells
What process do cells of the reproductive tract undergo to create gametes?
Mitosis
Fertilization
Meiosis
Osmosis
How many haploid cells result from meiosis in the reproductive tract?
One
Two
Four
Eight
What is oogenesis?
What is spermatogenesis?
To control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy
To maintain homeostasis by removing waste products from the body
To release neurotransmitters during times of stress
To control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy
To exchange gases to support cellular aerobic respiration
