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WorksheetsState Science Test Review
Total questions: 98
Worksheet time: 49mins
A cell in an organism can regulate what enters and leaves the cell. The reason that the cell may limit the amount of a substance (nutrient) that can enter is (a) .
The water cycle includes many processes. Which of the following best describes the effect of condensation on the weather in a region?
It changes liquid water into the vapor phase, which lowers the air temperature
It causes ice to melt, resulting in a decrease in air temperature
It produces clouds, which eventually form water droplets that can fall as precipitation
it allows liquid water to quickly move from higher to lower elevations, causing windy conditions
A compressed spring, made of coiled metal, is used by a student to study energy transformation. The student learned the various forms of energy; Potential Energy (PE), Kinetic Energy (KE), and Mechanical Energy (ME). The student draws the apparatus used to study the transfer, and shows how she initially places the spring at the top of a small set of steps. To start the motion of the spring, the student lifts one end up, and allows it to drop toward the first step. The spring then moves on its own from one step to another. Which of the following would be an example of a type of energy transformation that occurs as the spring moves from one step to the next?
The movement causes the PE of the spring to convert to KE
The movement of the spring transfers PE to the steps, which push the spring toward the next step
The movement causes the spring to store KE at each step, increasing the KE as the spring moves
The movement of the spring decreases the amount of KE, which then increases the amount of PE of the coiled spring
A spoonful of sugar is added to a beaker containing 500 ml of water. The solution is stirred until the sugar is no longer visible in the water. Which of the following describes the mass of the solution after it is stirred?
It is less than the mass of the 500 ml of water
It is equal to the mass of the spoonful of sugar
It is equal to the combined masses of the spoonful of sugar and 500 ml of water
It is greater than the combined masses of the spoonful of sugar and 500 ml of water
A drinking straw appears bent when placed in a glass of water, as shown in the diagram. Which of the following explains why the straw appears bent?
Light waves are absorbed by the straw, the water, and the air
The part of the straw under the water is bent by water pressure
Light waves from the straw are refracted when moving from water to air
The part of the straw under the water reflects more light than the part above the water
Earth has many layers. Which of the following describes a process that occurs in these layers?
Flowing rock transfers heat from the mantle to the core.
Flowing rock transfers heat from the core to the mantle.
Flowing water transfers heat from the mantle to the core.
Flowing water transfers heat from the core to the mantle.
Ocean currents that redistribute the heat of the ocean are driven by wind. Which statement explains a weather pattern in Florida that may occur as a result of this process?
Variable ocean temperatures may increase the difference between daily high and low temperatures.
Cool ocean and land temperatures may lead to consistent amounts of rainfall throughout the year.
High ocean temperatures may generate powerful waves on the shoreline each winter morning.
Unequal ocean and land temperatures may strengthen thunderstorms on summer afternoons.
Scientists constructed a large-scale model of an office building, which was placed on a machine called a shake table. The table agitates the model with the same force as an earthquake. Which of the following best describes the benefit of using such a model?
It is able to show how much force is required by earthquakes to cause damage to buildings in a real situation without causing environmental harm.
It is able to show how far away the source of earthquakes must be from buildings without placing humans at risk.
It can demonstrate the effect of earthquakes on buildings in a controlled environment without placing humans at risk.
It can demonstrate how earthquakes are produced underneath buildings without causing environmental harm.
Pedro and Samara investigate the chemical and physical properties of samples of seawater provided by their teacher. Samara tests a sample of seawater that has twice the volume of the sample that Pedro tests. When the two students compare their results, which data should be the same?
The mass of the samples
The boiling point of the sea water
The amount of salt
The amount of solvent
According to the Linnaean system of classification, mushrooms, mold, and mildew belong to the kingdom Fungi. Why are these organisms given the same classification?
They are all stationary.
They have similar predators.
They all carry out photosynthesis.
They obtain their food in the same way.
A beaker of hot water is carefully placed on a cold tabletop. What will happen after the beaker is placed on the tabletop?
Heat from the water will flow through the beaker into the tabletop until the beaker and the tabletop are the same temperature.
Heat will flow from the water, through the beaker, into the tabletop and back again in a cycle.
Heat from the water will flow into the air, allowing the tabletop to make the beaker cold.
Heat will be trapped in the water by the beaker, allowing the tabletop to remain cold.
Brian had two beakers, poured the same amount of water into each beaker, but the water was at different temperatures. He placed the two beakers in a room with an air temperature of 20°C. He left the beakers in the room for two hours. Which of the following statements correctly describes the flow of heat that took place in the room during those two hours?
Heat flow moved from the air to Beaker A
Heat flow moved from Beaker A to Beaker B
Heat flow moved from the air to Beaker B
Heat flow moved from Beaker B to the air
Hasan investigates how distance from a heat source affects the temperature change of water. He places 200 ml of water at varying distances from a heater. Which three tools would be most useful to conduct the investigation?
balance, stopwatch, and ruler
graduated cylinder, balance, and stopwatch
ruler, thermometer, and graduated cylinder
thermometer, graduated cylinder, and balance
In cats, short hair (H) is dominant over long hair (h). The Punnett square below shows the probability of each genotype for the offspring of two cats. Which of the following represents the genotypes of the parent cats?
HH and hh
Hh and hh
Hh and Hh
hh and hh
All cells require energy to perform processes that maintain homeostasis. Which statement best describes how a cell obtains energy from food?
An organelle within the cell heats the food until energy is released.
Chemical reactions convert the food into a form that the cell can use for energy.
The liquid within the cell dissolves the food and transports it throughout the cell.
Special structures in the cell grind up the food into small pieces that organelles can use.
Ketanji and Adrianna conducted an investigation with potato bugs. They proposed the hypothesis; Potato bugs are more likely to seek out moist soil than dry soil. The data did not support their hypothesis. They decided to determine whether other invertebrates may seek out moist soil. Which statement best explains why the original hypothesis was valuable to them?
It was valuable because it was so clearly written.
It was valuable because it led to further investigation.
It was valuable because it involved the study of invertebrates.
It was valuable because it involved both living and nonliving things.
Many body systems work together to enable a person to walk. How does the nervous system enable a person to walk?
by providing the force needed for lifting the legs
by providing support for the muscles in the legs
by pumping blood from the heart to the legs
by sending signals from the brain to the legs
Mount St. Helens, an active volcano in the northwestern United States erupted in 1980. Which of the following will most likely lead to a volcanic eruption?
lava hardening between rock layers
lava forming at the outer rims of volcanic cinder cones
magma beneath the volcano moving toward the surface
magma just below the surface solidifying into sedimentary rock
Hurricanes can form over the ocean before they move over Florida. Which of these landforms would a hurricane first encounter as it moves over Florida?
aquifer
coastline
dune
lake
In some office buildings, security guards scan visitors' backpacks to view the contents before allowing the visitors to enter the building. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is used for this type of scanning?
X-rays
microwaves
radio waves
infrared rays
Radiation is one mechanism by which thermal energy is transferred through Earth's systems. Which of the following is the best example of this transfer of energy?
sunlight warming sand at the beach
heated air rising through the atmosphere
volcanic lava heating the ground it touches
ocean currents arising from temperature differences
In 1980, a scientific journal published an article describing the observations that led to a hypothesis. The hypothesis stated that an asteroid striking Earth brought about the extinction of the dinosaurs. Which of the following would best provide support for a scientific hypothesis?
opinions and personal beliefs
new evidence and personal opinions
new evidence and additional observations
additional observations and informed predictions
Which statement is one way the cryosphere and the hydrosphere interact?
When the Sun’s energy melts the ice in the cryosphere, the water flows and joins the hydrosphere.
When the Sun’s energy melts the ice in the hydrosphere, the water flows and joins the cryosphere.
Plants and animals from the cryosphere send out water into the hydrosphere through the process of transpiration.
The clouds high up in the cryosphere constantly send water to the hydrosphere through the process of precipitation.
Yeast is a single-celled organism that uses sugar in the process of cellular respiration. To investigate cellular respiration in yeast, Javier prepared a warm sugar-water solution in a large plastic bottle and added yeast. He then placed a balloon over the lip of the plastic bottle, as shown in the diagram. Which of the following statements best explains how the change in the balloon shown in the diagram is related to the general process of cellular respiration?
The yeast releases water vapor
The yeast releases carbon dioxide
The yeast needs water to break down the sugar
The yeast needs oxygen to break down the water
All species have the potential to pass traits from one generation to the next. Which of the following terms identifies this process?
heredity
homeostasis
mutation
regeneration
Earth and the Moon influence each other in different ways. Which of the following is expected when the position of the Moon's orbit brings it closer to Earth?
Moon phases, as observed from Earth, do not occur
High tides on Earth are higher, and low tides are lower.
The days on Earth are longer and the nights are shorter.
The Moon is visible from Earth during the daytime and the nighttime.
The image shows a food web in a Florida ecosystem, with arrows pointing to the consumer. A new organism moves into the ecosystem. Its major food source is the pine borer. Which animals in the food web will form a competitive relationship with the new organism?
fox and hawk
kinglet and fox
salamander and kinglet
squirrel and salamander
Scientific knowledge may change as new evidence or information is discovered. Which of the following would NOT be a result of new scientific research and information?
Binomial nomenclature is assigned to a recently identified plant species.
An endangered monkey species is put in a reserve for protection from extinction.
A newly discovered chemical element will be added to the periodic table of the elements.
A nonnative plant species will begin to reproduce rapidly after being introduced into a swamp ecosystem.
Francesca creates a model that shows the movements of the tectonic plates of Earth’s surface. If she wants to use the model to understand the concept of how a mountain is formed, how does that model help her?
It shows all the plates in their correct layout
It explains in detail how mountains are formed
It displays details that cannot be seen in a drawing
It speeds up a process that takes millions of years
Earth is divided into five different spheres. Which statement is true about the interaction between two of these spheres?
Weather is an interaction between the hydrosphere and the geosphere.
The formation of the Grand Canyon is an example of an interaction between the geosphere and the atmosphere.
An ice cap providing shelter for an arctic animal is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.
A plant receiving water from precipitation is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.
Which example shows an interaction between the biosphere and the geosphere, due to a forest fire?
Smoke from the fire makes it difficult for animals to breathe.
Ash blows away and falls many kilometers away from the fire.
The fire decreases the number of live tree roots to hold soil in place.
Moisture is removed from trees and other plants from the hot air around the fire.
During the day, hot air rises and is replaced by cooler air. This small-scale circulation is called a sea breeze, and usually starts three or four hours after sunrise, reaching its peak by early afternoon. At night, the land is cooler than the water because the land has given up its heat to the atmosphere. Which of these best describes the heat transfer that creates the land breeze mentioned in the passage?
conduction
convection
radiation
refraction
Radiation with shorter wavelengths has higher energy. The diagram below illustrates the relationship of wavelength and frequency. Which of the following correctly shows types of radiation increasing in energy?
cosmic rays > x-rays > microwaves > TV waves
microwaves > TV waves > x-rays > cosmic rays
TV waves > microwaves > cosmic rays > x-rays
TV waves > microwaves > x-rays > cosmic rays
Humans are made of various structures arranged in hierarchical levels. Which statement best describes the hierarchical level of epidermis (skin) tissue?
The epidermis is made from atoms and is part of plant cells.
The epidermis is made from cells and is part of an organ.
The epidermis is made from organs and is part of organ systems.
The epidermis is made from molecules and is part of an organism.
Which statement is NOT part of the cell theory?
All cells have a nucleus
Cells come only from other living cells
Every living thing is made of one or more cells
Cells carry out the functions needed to support life
Ava has a list of organisms she is studying in science class. The organisms on her list are: bacteria, pine trees, and elephants. Which of the organisms on her list are made of cells?
Pine trees because only plants are made of cells.
Elephants because only animals are made of cells.
Bacteria because only microscopic organisms are made of cells.
Bacteria, pine trees, and elephants because all organisms are made of cells.
Which process can Rylee learn about by studying the nucleus of a cell?
how waste is removed
how water is collected and stored
how genetic information is passed on
how energy is absorbed from sunlight
The diagram shows the location of genes for 3 specific traits of a fruit fly. A fruit fly inherits the genotype Ww, EE, aa. Which of the following phenotypes will this organism express?
vestigial wings, red eyes, mottled abdomen
vestigial wings, brown eyes, normal abdomen
normal wings, red eyes, normal abdomen
normal wings, brown eyes, mottled abdomen
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed that species change because of use and disuse. Charles Darwin later changed the ideas about how species change with his ideas of natural selection. What did the theories on how species change show about scientific knowledge?
Older theories are always incorrect
New evidence can change scientific knowledge
Scientific knowledge does not need to be supported
All theories are eventually replaced with different interpretations
A ball sits on top of a hill. The wind blows and the ball begins rolling down the hill. What caused the ball to start moving?
The wind created an unbalanced force on the ball
The wind stopped all other forces acting on the ball
All forces acting on the ball became equal and balanced
All forces acting on the ball moved in the same direction
If a student sits on one end of a seesaw and no one sits on the other end, the student stays on the ground and the other end goes up. How would a scientist explain this occurrence?
The seesaw is completely balanced
The force of gravity is acting on the student
The student has no way to counteract the force of gravity
The empty end of the seesaw is defying the force of gravity
Arches National Park is a beautiful desert landscape located in Utah. The park is filled with arches that have been formed by nature. The arches were once solid rock. Over time, extreme temperature changes and windy conditions have caused pieces of rock to crumble and blow away, leaving holes in the rock and forming the arches. Which of these processes is responsible for the formation of the arches?
cooling magma
weathering and erosion
compaction and cementation
increased geological pressure
Volcanic eruptions cause immediate environmental changes to an area, but they can also cause long-term changes. Volcanic eruptions can change the geology of a region, but these changes happen slowly over a long period of time. Which of these events is an example of a slow geological change caused by volcanic eruptions?
decrease in sunlight resulting from volcanic eruptions
flooding of land caused by underwater volcanic eruptions
displacement of people and wildlife after volcanic eruptions
building of an island from cooling magma following volcanic eruptions
Individual organisms have a variety of traits that make them different from each other. Traits such as fur color and eye color vary from one individual to another. What determines the traits of an individual organism?
interactions with other organisms in the habitat
vital organ systems within the organism's body
hereditary information on material in the organism's cells
environmental conditions such as temperature and amount of rainfall
A class took a field trip to a music studio. The students watched through thick glass as the musicians played music inside the studio. The students could only hear the music when the studio door was open. The glass separating the musicians from the students is made with two layers of thick glass. The space between the glass layers has had all the air removed, creating a vacuum. Which statement best explains why the students were able to see the musicians even while they were unable to hear them?
The frequency of light is much greater than the frequency of sound.
The speed of light is much greater than the speed of sound.
Light travels through glass while sound does not.
Sound requires a medium while light does not.
Kendall plants flower seeds and places caterpillar larva in a sealed container with enough light, soil, moisture, and gasses to thrive. When she opens the container later, she finds that the flowers have sprouted, and caterpillars have eaten some of their leaves. If it was possible to measure the carbon content of every part of this enclosed container before and after Kendall performed her experiment, what would Kendall find?
The total amount of carbon increased.
The total amount of carbon decreased.
The total amount of carbon was constant throughout the experiment.
The total amount of carbon decreased before and increased after the flowers sprouted.
During an investigation, some students determine the physical properties of the two brass cubes shown below. Which physical property is different for each brass cube?
electrical conductivity
melting point
density
volume
A paleontologist who is trying to figure out if a meteor impact killed all the dinosaurs would not be able to find an answer by setting up an experiment. Which of the following would be the best way for the paleontologist to approach the problem?
search for dinosaur fossils in many places and note where the fossils stop appearing in the rock layers at each location
study the evidence a meteor impact leaves in a rock layer, then look for that evidence in the layers of rock that formed after those layers with dinosaur fossils
wait for a very large meteor to hit Earth again and see which kinds of animals are killed by it
study similar kinds of disasters that result in large animals become extinct, like an oil spill
Thomas and Julie wanted to find out which material would insulate their teacher's coffee cup and keep the coffee hot for the longest period of time. They first wrapped her cup with bubble wrap and recorded the temperature of the coffee once every 15 minutes for 2 hours. They repeated the investigation, this time using newspaper instead of bubble wrap, but they got the same results for both materials. What could they do to make sure their results are valid?
Repeat their experiment
Use tea instead of coffee
Use a different thermometer
Conduct their investigation in a colder room
Brianna's class wants to determine if boys or girls recycled more paper each day. They set up separate recycling bins in the classroom and labeled them 'Boys' and 'Girls.' The students then placed their paper items in the right bins. Which of the following should the students do each day before emptying the bins?
Make lists of the different types of paper in each bin.
Count and record the number of paper items recycled in each bin.
Make a list of which student recycled which paper item in each of the bins.
Record their estimate of the number of times students placed items in each bin.
Kevin wanted to find out which of his toy cars, the Corvette or the Mustang, would roll downhill faster. He made a ramp by putting several books under one end of a board so that the board was slanted. Which would be the best way for him to perform his experiment?
Roll each car down the ramp separately five times and estimate which car looked faster.
Roll both cars down the ramp together one time and see which one gets to the bottom first.
Roll each car down the ramp separately one time, and time them with the second hand on his watch.
Roll both cars down the ramp together five times and record which gets to the bottom first each time.
Mario attended the Xtreme food fight games at Nickelodeon, and got a huge mustard stain on his favorite shirt. He is such an extreme science student at Johnson K-8, that he decided to use his shirt as a science experiment. He wanted to test various stain treatments to see which one had the greatest effect on stain removal. He decided to measure the stain removal by measuring the area that no longer had mustard on it. He treated each of the 4 sections of the shirt (equally divided) with a different stain remover. On the first section, he used the stain remover that his mom usually bought; SHOUT. On the second area, he used SPRAY & WASH, on the third area, he used OXY CLEAN, and on the 4th area, he used TIDE stain stick. Which of the following statements is correct?
IV: Stain Section DV: Stain Remover CG: Type of mustard
IV: Stain Remover DV: Type of Mustard CG: Mustard Stain
IV: Stain Remover DV: Amount of Stain Removed CG: Shout
IV: OXY CLEAN DV: Type of Stain Remover CG: Amount of Stain Removed
Jonathan and Sarah have performed an experiment and are not sure their results are valid. What should they do to check their results?
average their data
change their lab report
perform a new experiment
repeat the same experiment
During a recent drought, Sonya noticed some yards in her neighborhood were healthy and green, and some were mostly brown and dead. Sonya believes the difference has to do with how often her neighbors mow their grass. What should Sonya do first to find out if she is right?
Ask her neighbors to cut their grass on the same schedule.
Study other neighborhoods to see if there are similar problems.
Compare the neighbors' lawn mowers to see if there are similarities.
Survey her neighbors about their mowing schedule and record the details.
Stephen and his classmates are going on a field trip to a nature preserve. His teacher has told the class that when they return to school, they will be required to give a report on their trip and the animals and plants they saw while walking through the preserve. What is the BEST method Stephen can use to make sure he remembers everything he sees?
He should bring a pad and pen to write down his observations.
He should do research on the computer when he returns to class.
He should ask his classmates to help him remember what he saw.
He should look for a map of the nature preserve at the visitors' center.
If a theory is challenged by new evidence, which of the following could occur?
The theory could be altered
The theory is accepted, not the evidence
The evidence is wrong
A vote is taken to accept new evidence
How is a scientific experiment different from other investigations?
A procedure is followed
Only one variable is changed
Precision and accuracy are used to record data
All of the above
The heliocentric model of the solar system states that all objects in the solar system orbit the sun. Which statement explains why the scientists accept this model?
It is an exact description of how the solar system actually works.
It is a close approximation of how the solar system actually works.
It is an idea that was developed over time based on many observations.
It is a better model than the geocentric model because it is much simpler.
Scientific knowledge can be changed. Which would most likely lead to a change?
A scientist makes observations to test an older idea.
A scientist raises new questions about an older idea.
A scientist has a new idea that goes against an older idea.
A scientist collects data that fails to support an older idea.
What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?
Theories are upgraded into laws once they are proven.
Laws use mathematical explanations and theories do not.
Laws describe what happens, but theories explain why or how.
Theories combine several laws into one.
Why does Mai's idea not meet the requirement to be a scientific theory?
Mai's idea is already a scientific law
Mai's idea is not supported by scientific evidence
Mai's idea is a good guess that can be tested by experiments
Mai and her uncle are not scientists
What conclusion did Rutherford draw from his experiment?
The gold atoms are not close to each other.
The subatomic particles in the gold atoms are very close together.
Inside of the gold atom consists of empty spaces.
There can be no conclusion drawn from this observation.
University of Florida scientists developed a new type of wound dressing that keeps bacteria out of the wound. What is a conclusion that you can make from this information?
Scientific discoveries always lead to new technologies.
Scientists often respond to the needs in our society.
Scientific advances are always made in the field of medicine.
Scientists may make discoveries that have no impact on society.
A farmer wants to find out which type of soil is best for growing his corn. He also wants to find out which type of fertilizer is best for growing his corn. He does the following experiment using two different types of soil and two different types of fertilizer. What can the farmer conclude from this experiment?
He can conclude that Soil B is the best soil for growing his corn.
He can conclude that Fertilizer Y is the best fertilizer for growing his corn.
He can conclude that Soil B is the best soil for growing his corn and that Fertilizer Y is the best fertilizer for growing his corn.
It is NOT possible to conclude from this experiment which soil is best for growing his corn or which fertilizer is best for growing his corn.
Scientists do many types of work. Their work often includes making field observations, conducting surveys, creating models, and carrying out experiments. Which description characterizes an experiment?
Observation of plants or animals in their natural environment.
Physical or mathematical representation of an object or process.
An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions.
Collection of data from unregulated world for comparative purpose.
Look at the diagram below. Which of these statements is correct according to the diagram?
Each offspring has a 25% probability of inheriting the alleles PP.
Each offspring has a 25% probability of inheriting the alleles Pp.
Each offspring has an equal probability of inheriting the alleles PP or Pp.
Each offspring is more likely to inherit pp than any other combination of alleles.
Which two body systems make movement possible?
the skeletal and muscular systems
the nervous and endocrine systems
the lymphatic and immune systems
the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Which process best describes respiration?
removing wastes from the bloodstream
breaking down food into smaller nutrients
obtaining oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide
eliminating pathogens from the blood and lymph fluid
Bones are the major parts of the body's skeletal system. What is one of the main functions of bones?
release growth hormones
provide structure and support
carry oxygen to the body's cells
serve as the main source of calcium
The failure of body systems can disrupt homeostasis. The failure of which body system can cause an immediate problem?
digestive
reproductive
respiratory
urinary
How can the circulatory and digestive systems work together?
The digestive system absorbs nutrients, and the circulatory system transports nutrients around the body.
The digestive system takes in food and the circulatory system controls the muscles of the stomach.
The digestive system breaks down food and the circulatory system protects organs.
The digestive system gets rid of waste and the circulatory system gets rid of carbon dioxide.
Organ systems work together to meet the needs of the human body. How is the skeletal system related to the nervous system?
The skeleton protects the brain and spinal cord
The brain determines how the skeleton develops
The brain and spinal cord hold the skeleton together
The skeletal system works as a part of the nervous system
Which phrase defines the term homeostasis?
division of cells that make up the body
regulation of the environment outside the body
maintenance of a stable environment inside the body
removal of waste materials produced by the cells of the body
Which of the following identifies the levels of classification in correct order?
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
genus, species, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family
domain, kingdom, genus, species, phylum, class, order, family
genus, species, phylum, class, order, family, domain, kingdom
How are members of Domain Eukarya different from members of Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria?
Members of Domain Eukarya are less complex than the members of Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria.
Members of Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria are multicellular, and members of Domain Eukarya are usually single-celled organisms.
Members of Domain Eukarya have cells with membrane-bound organelles, and members of Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria lack nuclei.
Members of Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea have structures for making their own food, and members of Domain Eukarya lack these structures.
What are the two parts of a scientific name?
genus and species
phylum and class
domain and genus
domain and kingdom
What is natural selection?
The process by which humans breed a species for certain traits.
The process in which inherited traits of a population change over many generations.
The process by which Charles Darwin noted the differences in finches while visiting the Galápagos Islands.
The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
A scientist described two modern-day species as sharing a common ancestor. What does it mean when two species share a common ancestor?
It means that the two species are actually the same species.
It means that one of the species evolved from other species.
It means that both species evolved from one species that lived in the past.
It means that the two species share all the same traits.
DNA contains genes that provide instructions for inherited traits. What is the relationship between the genes and chromosomes?
Genes are segments of DNA that are located on the chromosomes of each cell.
Genes are made up of thousands of chromosomes.
Genes correspond to the phenotype, while chromosomes correspond to the genotype.
Chromosomes correspond to the phenotype, while genes correspond to the genotype.
A Siamese cat has genes that affect its fur color. Its fur color is also affected by temperature. Which of the following is true?
The environment changes the cat's genotype
The environment changes the cat's phenotype
The cat's genotype changes the environment
The cat's phenotype changes its genotype
Which of the following is mitosis NOT used for?
Repair (a wound) in multicellular organisms
Asexual reproduction in unicellular organisms
Development (ex. Baby in the mother's womb)
Production of gametes
Meiosis produces which of the following?
Plant cells
Animal cells
Sex cells
Skin cells
What is the primary source of energy used by producers during photosynthesis?
Thermal energy from the sun
Light energy from the sun
Chemical energy from food and oxygen
Chemical energy from carbon dioxide and water
What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?
To control population of producers and consumers
To compete with producers for energy and other resources
To provide a source of energy for the producers in the ecosystem
To recycle energy and materials from dead producers and consumers
One relationship between organisms is that of predator-prey. Which of the following is the best description of a predator?
An organism that eats another organism
An organism that benefits at the expense of another organism
An organism that participates in symbiosis
An organism that is eaten by another organism
Which relationship is most likely to increase the population of one species in an ecosystem without affecting the population of its associated species?
predation
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism
Which of the following statements best defines the law of conservation of mass?
Mass cannot be created but it can be destroyed under extreme pressures.
Mass cannot be conserved during a chemical reaction; a little bit of mass is always lost.
The mass of a closed system cannot change over time; mass cannot be created nor destroyed.
Mass cannot be conserved during a chemical reaction; a little bit of mass is always gained.
Which pigment reflects orange, yellow, and red light and absorbs the other colors to provide energy for photosynthesis?
chlorophyll
thylakoid
carotenoids
chloroplast
How can the law of conservation of energy be expressed in the case of a chemical reaction?
Total energy before the reaction is always less than the total energy after the reaction.
Energy cannot be measured in a chemical reaction.
Total energy before the reaction is always equal to the total energy after the reaction.
Total energy before the reaction is always greater than the total energy after the reaction.
Plants and animals exchange materials through the processes of photosynthesis and respiration. Which of these statements is true about the way these two processes are related?
The products of photosynthesis inhibit respiration.
The products of photosynthesis are also the products of respiration.
The reactants of photosynthesis are also the reactants of respiration.
The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of respiration.
Which of these substances is used for producers during photosynthesis, and is released during respiration?
Carbon Dioxide
Glucose
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Which of the boxes contains a mixture?
1
2
3
4
Which of these choices is a product of mitosis?
egg
skin cell
sperm
sex cell
Why do the sex cells of an organism contain half the number of chromosomes as the organism's body cells?
Sex cells are found in the reproductive organs.
When cells undergo meiosis, two sex cells are produced.
The body cells of two parents combine during reproduction to produce an offspring with a full set of chromosomes.
The sex cells of two parents combine during reproduction to produce an offspring with a full set of chromosomes.
Which of the following is an example of impact of development activities on the hydrosphere?
Air pollution
Noise pollution
Soil pollution
Water pollution
What is the best definition of the term "theory", as it's used in science?
It is just a guess
It is well tested set of ideas that explains events that occur in nature
A theory is based on laws that can be proven true
It is a hypothesis that has been confirmed
A ball is released from rest at position 1. The diagram shows the ball in four positions as it rolls along a track from left to right. In which position does the ball have its minimum gravitational potential energy and maximum kinetic energy?
1
2
3
4
According to the law of superposition, which of the following statements about the diagram is true?
the artifacts found in A are more recent than those located in D
the items in D are fossils, but the items in A are not
there are no fossils in B, so the organisms must have been extinct
layers C and D contain portions of the same animals
