Worksheets3.16 Rocks and Minerals Review Quiz
Total questions: 63
Worksheet time: 37mins
Chemical sedimentary rocks are...
Made from heat
Made when water evaporates and minerals crystallize
Made from dead animals/plants
Made from pieces of other rocks
Organic sedimentary rocks are...
Made from heat
Made when water evaporates and minerals crystallize
Made from the remains of dead animals/plants
Made from pieces of other rocks
According to the Earth Science Reference Tables, which characteristic determines whether a rock is classified as a shale, a siltstone, a sandstone, or a conglomerate?
the mineral composition of the sediments within the rock
the density of the sediments within the rock
the particle size of the sediments within the rock
the absolute age of the sediments within the rock
According to the Earth Science Reference Tables, which is a sedimentary rock that forms as a result of precipitation from seawater?
shale
halite
basalt
conglomerate
According to the Earth Science Reference Tables, which sedimentary rock is composed of fragmented skeletons and shells of sea organisms compacted and cemented together?
shale
sandstone
gypsum
limestone
According to the "Scheme for Igneous Rock Identification" in the Earth Science Reference Tables, basalt contains the greatest quantity of which mineral?
mica
quartz
pyroxene
potassium feldspar
According to the "Scheme for Igneous Rock Identification" in the Earth Science Reference Tables, which statement best describes the percentage of plagioclase feldspars in a sample of gabbro?
Gabbro always contains less plagioclase feldspars than pyroxene.
Gabbro contains no plagioclase feldspars.
Plagioclase feldspars always make up 25% of a gabbro rock sample.
The percentage of plagioclase feldspar in gabbro can vary.
Most igneous rocks form by which processes?
erosion & deposition
heat & pressure
melting & solidification
compaction & cementation
Density—higher
Density—lower
Density—higher
Density—lower
The mineral mica breaks evenly along flat sheets mainly because of its
A) density
B) chemical composition
C) atomic arrangement
D) hardness
Which property is most useful in mineral identification?
A) size
B) color
C) texture
D) hardness
Which mineral contains iron, has a metallic luster, is hard, and has the same color and streak?
A) biotite mica
B) kaolinite
C) galena
D) magnetite
Which rock sample is most likely a foliated metamorphic rock?
Hardness is measured on what scale.
Mohs
Dohes
Softness
Hardness
The color of the mark that a mineral leaves on white unglazed porcelain is called .
A. stream B. steel C. streak D. rubbing
steam
marking
streak
rubbing
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the photograph. The photograph shows several broken
samples of colorless minerals.
Which physical property of these minerals is most easily seen in the photograph?
fracture
hardness
streak
cleavage
The table below shows the hardness of four common materials. Hardness of Four Materials
Material-------------------------------------Hardness
human fingernail...................................2.5
copper penny.........................................3.0
window glass.....................................…..4.5
steel nail..........................................…….6.5
Which statement best describes the hardness of the mineral dolomite?
Dolomite can scratch window glass, but cannot be scratched by a fingernail.
Dolomite can scratch window glass, but cannot be scratched by a steel nail.
Dolomite can scratch a copper penny, but cannot be scratched by a fingernail.
Dolomite can scratch a copper penny, but cannot be scratched by a steel nail.
When a mineral breaks into smooth, flat sides.
Cleavage
Fracture
Luster
Streak
A mineral must be
Naturally Occurring, Solid, Inorganic, Definite Crystal Structure, Definite Chemical Composition
Naturally Occurring, Solid, Organic, Definite Crystal Structure, Definite Chemical Composition
Naturally Occurring, Solid, Inorganic Variable Crystal Structure, Variable Chemical Composition
Man-made, Fluid, Organic, Variable Crystal Structure, Variable Chemical Composition
What type of rock is formed by the compaction and cementation of sediments?
Igneous rock
Metamorphic rock
Sedimentary rock
Magma
What process is required to transform igneous rock into metamorphic rock?
Melting
Solidification
Heat and/or pressure metamorphism
Compaction and cementation
Which rock type is directly formed from magma?
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rock
Igneous rock
Sediments
What is the process that turns metamorphic rock into magma?
Weathering and erosion
Compaction and cementation
Melting
Deposition and burial
Through which process can sedimentary rock become metamorphic rock?
Solidification
Deposition and burial
Heat and/or pressure metamorphism
Erosion
What are the steps of forming an igneous rock into a sedimentary rock?
Melting, solidification, erosion, compaction
Erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
Heat, pressure, melting, solidification
Deposition, melting, compaction, cementation
How do you form a metamorphic rock from a sedimentary rock?
Erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
Melting, solidification, erosion, compaction
Heat, pressure, cooling, solidification
Heat, pressure, being buried deep within the Earth
How does a metamorphic rock become an igneous rock?
Compaction, cementation, erosion, deposition
Heat, pressure, melting, solidification
Erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
Melting, cooling, solidification, erosion
How are igneous rocks formed?
From the accumulation of mineral or organic particles at the Earth's surface
From the solidification of molten rock material
By intense heat and/or pressure within the Earth's crust
By the cooling of the Earth's atmosphere
What are sedimentary rocks formed from?
The solidification of molten rock material
The cooling of the Earth's atmosphere
The accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at the Earth's surface
Intense heat and/or pressure within the Earth's crust
What is the process that changes igneous or sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks?
The solidification of molten rock material
The accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at the Earth's surface
The cooling of the Earth's atmosphere
Being subjected to intense heat and/or pressure within the Earth's crust
All rocks are named based on...
Their color and texture
Their size and shape
Their method of formation
Their location on Earth
What is the term for molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface?
Lava
Magma
Sediment
Granite
What is the term for molten rock that erupts onto the Earth's surface?
Magma
Sediment
Lava
Basalt
What is an igneous rock?
A rock that has formed from sediment
A rock that has formed from Magma or Lava
A rock that has formed under high pressure
A rock that contains fossils
What is Magma?
Melted rock that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet
Solidified rock from volcanic eruptions
Melted rocks that are the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed
A type of sediment found in water
What is Lava?
Melted rock that is found deep within the Earth's crust
Melted rock that has been expelled from the interior of a terrestrial planet or a moon
A type of igneous rock that is found on the ocean floor
Solidified rock that forms beneath the Earth's surface
What type of igneous rock forms when magma erupts onto the Earth's surface and cools quickly?
Metamorphic
Intrusive
Extrusive
Sedimentary
What characteristic feature do intrusive igneous rocks have due to the slow cooling that occurs below Earth's surface?
They form with no visible crystals.
They form small crystals.
They form large crystals.
They are always dark in color.
Which of the following rocks is classified as extrusive and has a glassy texture?
Granite
Gabbro
Obsidian
Pegmatite
According to the diagram, which mineral composition is indicative of a mafic rock?
High potassium feldspar content
High quartz content
High olivine content
High plagioclase feldspar content
What texture is associated with rocks that have very large crystals?
Glassy
Fine
Coarse
Very coarse
Based on the diagram, which rock would you expect to have a gas pockets?
Diorite
Andesite
Vesicular basalt
Granite
Where do intrusive igneous rocks typically form?
In the deep ocean
Next to a volcano
On the surface of the Earth
Inside a meteorite
What is the rate of cooling associated with intrusive igneous rocks?
Rapid cooling
Slow cooling
No cooling
Instantaneous cooling
Which of the following is not a characteristic of intrusive igneous rocks?
They have a range of crystal sizes from very fine to very coarse.
They are formed in an environment where the rock cools slowly.
They are typically non-vesicular, meaning they do not have trapped air bubbles.
They are formed from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface.
Which of the following are types of freshwater that can be used by people?
Select all that are true.
groundwater
ice caps and glaciers
oceans
rivers
lakes
Why does groundwater usually require less treatment than surface water?
The layers of Earth protect groundwater from pollutants.
As groundwater sinks into the ground, the layers of rock act like a natural filter and remove pollutants from the water.
Surface water has more exposure to pollutants in runoff and the atmosphere.
all of the above
The image shows various stages in the water cycle. During which stage does water flow back towards the sea as runoff?
W
X
Y
Z
Plants using water, carbon dioxide, and energy to make food.
evaporation
photosynthesis
water cycle
transpiration
What is a measure of how well a material absorbs water? There are multiple answers.
permeability
occlusion
porosity
exclusion
In this underground structure, all spaces are filled with water.
zone of saturation
zone of aeration
This type of material does not allow water to penetrate through it.
permeable
impermeable
