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WorksheetsCC 2 LAB-PARATHYROID GLAND
Total questions: 24
Worksheet time: 16mins
It is located on or near the thyroid capsule (region of the thyroid gland); sometimes within the thyroid gland
(a)
It may also be found outside their normal anatomic site – between the hyoid in the neck and mediastinum
(a)
Is the smallest endocrine gland in the body
(a)
TRUE or FALSE
Humans can only have 4 parathyroid glands
(a)
The primary role of PTH is to prevent
hypocalcemia
hypomagnesemia
hypokalemia
hyponatremia
PTH promotes bone (a)
PTH ____ stimulates intestinal absorption of calcium
Directly
Indirectly
It is the most common cause of hypercalcemia
It is due to the presence of a functioning parathyroid adenoma
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
It is accompanied with phosphaturia
If it goes undetected, severe demineralization may occur
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Lab results: ↑PTH or high normal, ↑ionized calcium, hypercalciuria, hypophosphatemia
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
It is the severe demineralization of the bone due to abnormal increase in PTH
(a)
It develops in response to decrease serum calcium
There is diffuse hyperplasia of all 4 glands
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
The patient develops severe bone disease
Causes: vitamin D deficiency and chronic renal failure
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Lab results: ↑ PTH, ↓ ionized calcium
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
It occurs with secondary hyperparathyroidism
The phosphate levels are normal to high, calcium phosphates precipitate in soft tissues
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
It is due to accidental injury to the parathyroid glands (neck) during surgery – postsurgical cause
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Other cause: autoimmune parathyroid destruction
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
Individuals are unable to maintain calcium concentration in blood without calcium supplementation
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypoparathyroidism
In hyperparathyroidism, the DCT reabsorbs ____ and ___ resulting in _____
acidosis
alkalosis
Bicarbonate
Phosphate
Magnesium
Parathyroid hormone normally interferes with bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal tubule; Therefore, the renal tubular bicarbonate threshold tends to be increased in ______
hypoparathyroidism
hyperparathyroidism
TRUE or FALSE
The best method for PTH measurement involves the use of antibodies that detect both the amino-terminal fragment and intact PTH
(a)
Low PTH causes _______ bicarbonate reabsorption which leads to _____
alkalosis
acidosis
elevated
decreased
Calcium level ____ = laryngeal stridor and tonic-clonic seizures
<4 mg/dL
<6 mg/dL
<8 mg/dL
<10 mg/dL
Calcium level ____ = leads to tetany and altered neuromuscular activity (chvostek’s sign and trousseau’s sign)
<4 mg/dL
<6 mg/dL
<8 mg/dL
<10 mg/dL
