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WorksheetsBiology EOC Review Quiz
Total questions: 99
Worksheet time: 55mins
Which of the following is NOT one of the eight characteristics of life listed in the Bio EOC Review material?
Ability to grow and develop
Having cellular structure
Ability to adapt to environment
Made up of cells
What type of tropism involves a plant's response to light?
Phototropism
Gravitropism
Thigmotropism
Hydrotropism
According to the Bio EOC Review, which level of organization directly follows 'Organ' in the Pyramid of Life?
Organ System
Cell
Community
Ecosystem
What is the correct sequence of biological organization from the smallest to largest based on the Pyramid of Life?
Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
Atom, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
Molecule, Atom, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
Atom, Molecule, Cell, Organelle, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
What is the term used to describe the attraction between molecules of the same substance, which also creates surface tension in water?
Adhesion
Cohesion
Polarity
Capillarity
Which property of water is described by its ability to dissolve many different substances?
Density
Specific heat
Universal solvent
Heat of vaporization
What is the significance of water's high specific heat?
What does the pH scale measure?
The density of a liquid
The heat required to raise the temperature of a substance
The acidity or basicity of a solution
The cohesion between molecules
Which of the following is true about the polarity of water?
Water molecules share electrons equally.
Water is nonpolar and has a symmetric shape.
Water is polar with a partially negative oxygen and a positive hydrogen.
Water is completely non-reactive due to its polarity.
What is the process called that involves the anabolic build-up of larger molecules from smaller ones and results in the release of H2O as a waste product?
Hydrolysis
Dehydration synthesis
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Which type of reaction is hydrolysis considered to be?
Anabolic
Catabolic
Metabolic
Endergonic
What is required for hydrolysis to occur?
CO2
H2O
O2
N2
What is the molecular formula for a monosaccharide?
C6 H12 O5
C6 H12 O7
C6 H12 O6
C5 H10 O5
Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates?
Providing short term energy
Sparing the use of proteins for energy
Building block of nucleic acids
Glycosidic linkage
Which of the following is a disaccharide?
Glucose
Fructose
Sucrose
Cellulose
What elements are primarily found in lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Sulfur
Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorus
What type of bonds are more prevalent in unsaturated fats compared to saturated fats?
Ionic bonds
Single bonds
Double bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Which of the following is a function of lipids in organisms?
Transmitting genetic information
Catalyzing biochemical reactions
Providing long term energy
Enhancing water solubility
What is the state of unsaturated fats at room temperature?
Solid
Liquid
Gaseous
Plasma
What is the primary role of glycerol in lipids?
To form ester bonds
To build cell membranes
To provide pigmentation
To store genetic information
What is the main difference between the fats found in animals and plants?
Animal fats are liquid at room temperature, while plant fats are solid
Animal fats are unsaturated, while plant fats are saturated
Animal fats are saturated, while plant fats are unsaturated
There is no difference; both are the same
Identify the component labeled 'P' in the phospholipid structure diagram.
Glycerol
Fatty acid
Phosphate
Cholesterol
What elements are commonly found in proteins?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorus
Carbon, Oxygen, Sulfur, Chlorine
What is the monomer of proteins?
Nucleotides
Amino Acids
Fatty Acids
Glucose
What type of bond is primarily involved in the structure of proteins?
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Peptide bonds
Covalent bonds
What can cause the denaturation of proteins?
Freezing temperatures
Changes in pH and temperature
Exposure to oxygen
Absence of carbon
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
Supply energy
Store hereditary information
Make body proteins
Run reactions
What elements are found in nucleic acids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Sulfur, Phosphorus
Carbon, Oxygen, Sulfur, Chlorine
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
Amino Acids
Fatty Acids
Nucleotides
Glucose
Which type of bond is characteristic of the backbone of nucleic acid structure?
Peptide bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Phosphodiester bonds
Glycosidic bonds
Which of the following is NOT a nucleic acid?
ATP
RNA
DNA
Hemoglobin
What is the primary function of enzymes in chemical reactions?
To increase the temperature of reactions
To speed up chemical reactions
To create new substrates
To store energy
Which type of molecule decreases enzyme activity?
Substrates
Activators
Inhibitors
Coenzymes
What are coenzymes made of?
Inorganic materials
Carbon
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
What affects enzyme activity?
Temperature and pressure only
Chemical environment and substrate concentration only
Temperature, pressure, chemical environment, and concentration of substrate
pH levels and light exposure
What is the role of activators in enzyme activity?
They decrease the activation energy
They increase the activation energy
They decrease enzyme activity
They increase enzyme activity
What is the basic unit of life according to the Cell Theory?
Organ
Organism
Cell
Tissue
Which of the following statements is true about prokaryotic cells?
They have a nucleus.
They reproduce with mitosis.
They have no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
They have multiple vacuoles.
What happens to animal cells in a hypertonic solution?
Cells shrink.
Cells burst.
Cells remain the same.
Cells enlarge.
Which component is not found in animal cells but is present in plant cells?
Mitochondria
Cell wall
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
What is the result for plant cells in an isotonic solution?
Cells shrink.
Cells burst.
Cells remain the same.
Cells enlarge.
What is the primary function of the Rough ER in a cell?
Makes lipids and detoxifies
Storage
Makes proteins
Breaks down waste
Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP?
Nucleus
Golgi body
Mitochondria
Lysosome
What role does the Golgi body play in protein synthesis?
Synthesizes proteins
Ships proteins after checking their correctness
Breaks down proteins
Stores proteins
According to the Endosymbiotic Theory, why do mitochondria and chloroplasts live symbiotically with larger cells?
They provide energy through ATP
They can move independently
They are remnants of ancient prokaryotes that were ingested
They replicate using mitosis
What is the primary function of peripheral proteins in the cell membrane?
To facilitate the diffusion of ions
To recognize cells and hormones
To transport substances across the membrane
To provide energy for active transport
Which type of protein is embedded in the cell membrane and assists in transporting substances that are too large to simply pass through?
Glycoproteins
Peripheral proteins
Integral proteins
Glycolipids
What is osmosis?
Movement of water from an area of low concentration to high concentration
Movement of solutes from high concentration to low concentration
Movement of water from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Active transport of ions across the cell membrane
Which process involves the movement of substances across the cell membrane against their concentration gradient?
Osmosis
Passive transport
Active transport
Diffusion
What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in active transport?
To facilitate the diffusion of potassium ions
To create a concentration gradient of sodium ions
To bind substances and transport them across the membrane using ATP
To ingest substances from the external environment
What occurs during exocytosis?
Substances are ingested into the cell
Large particles are usually expelled from the cell
Water moves across the cell membrane
Solutes are transported without energy
What does ATP stand for in the context of cellular energy?
Adenosine Triphosphate
Adenosine Tetraphosphate
Adenine Triphosphorus
Adenosine Triphosphonate
What is the lower energy molecule called that is formed when ATP releases energy?
ADP
ATP
ACP
AMP
What type of energy does ATP convert into to perform cellular work?
Potential Energy
Chemical Energy
Kinetic Energy
Thermal Energy
What is the process called when energy is released from ATP to perform cellular work?
Catabolism
Anabolism
Metabolism
Photolysis
What is the primary function of the upper epidermis in leaves as shown in the diagram?
To transport water
To carry out photosynthesis
To produce wax and protect the leaf
To store food
Where does most photosynthesis occur in the leaf according to the diagram?
Lower Epidermis
Spongy Mesophyll
Palisade Mesophyll
Stoma
What is the role of the stoma as indicated in the leaf diagram?
To produce chloroplasts
To facilitate gas exchange
To transport nutrients
To increase leaf rigidity
According to the diagram, what structure within the chloroplasts is responsible for the light reactions of photosynthesis?
Stroma
Outer membrane
Thylakoid
Inner membrane
What is the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis as simplified in the image?
CO2 + H2O + light energy → O2 + C6H12O6
CO2 + O2 + light energy → H2O + C6H12O6
H2O + O2 + light energy → CO2 + C6H12O6
C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + energy
What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis as depicted in the diagram?
To convert light energy into chemical energy
To produce oxygen as a byproduct
To convert carbon dioxide into glucose
To absorb water from the soil
According to the diagram, what are the inputs for the Light Reactions in photosynthesis?
ATP and NADPH
Glucose and oxygen
Water and carbon dioxide
Oxygen and glucose
What is the role of NADPH in the photosynthesis process as shown in the diagram?
It helps in the absorption of sunlight.
It acts as an energy carrier transferring chemical energy.
It is used to produce ATP from ADP.
It converts glucose into carbon dioxide.
What is produced as a byproduct of the Light Reactions in photosynthesis according to the diagram?
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
Oxygen
Water
What is the overall goal of Photosystem II in light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
Production of glucose
ATP production
NADPH production
Oxygen release
How many times does the membrane of the thylakoid pump H+ from the stroma side to the lumen side during one complete cycle?
12 times
10 times
8 times
15 times
What is the primary role of the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions?
Splitting water molecules
Transporting electrons between photosystems
Producing carbon dioxide
Converting ADP to ATP
What molecule is produced by the enzyme to create NADPH from NADP+ in the light-dependent reactions?
Glucose
ATP
Oxygen
Electron carrier
What is the primary function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?
To absorb sunlight and generate heat
To produce oxygen through the breakdown of water
To convert carbon dioxide into glucose
To release carbon dioxide as a waste product
Which molecule acts as a source of energy for the Calvin Cycle?
CO2
NADPH
ATP
RuBP
What role does RuBisCO play in the Calvin Cycle?
It absorbs light energy.
It acts as an enzyme to facilitate reactions.
It transports glucose out of the chloroplast.
It captures oxygen molecules.
How many times must the Calvin Cycle run to produce one molecule of glucose?
Once
Twice
Three times
Six times
What are the products returned to the light reaction after the Calvin Cycle?
ADP+P and NADP
ATP and NADPH
Glucose and oxygen
CO2 and H2O
What is the process called that releases energy by breaking down glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid?
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Fermentation
Krebs Cycle
During cellular respiration, in which stage is pyruvic acid broken down into carbon dioxide?
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Calvin Cycle
What is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen?
Anaerobic Respiration
Fermentation
Aerobic Respiration
Photosynthesis
In cellular respiration, what is the name of the electron carrier molecule?
ATP
Glucose
NADH
Chlorophyll
What process uses high energy from the Krebs Cycle to convert ADP into ATP with the help of ATP synthase?
Glycolysis
Calvin Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Light Reaction
What is the end product of glycolysis in cellular respiration?
Glucose
Oxygen
Pyruvic acid
Carbon dioxide
During the Krebs Cycle, how many molecules of NADH are generated?
1
2
3
6
What is the main purpose of the Electron Transport Chain in cellular respiration?
To produce glucose
To generate ATP
To consume oxygen
To produce pyruvic acid
How many ATP molecules are approximately generated from one glucose molecule through cellular respiration?
2-4 ATP
10-12 ATP
30-32 ATP
36-40 ATP
What molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain?
Carbon dioxide
Water
Oxygen
Glucose
What is the primary location within the cell where aerobic cellular respiration occurs?
Nucleus
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What are the main products of aerobic cellular respiration?
Glucose and Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide and Water
ATP and Glucose
Oxygen and ATP
During aerobic respiration, glucose and oxygen combine to produce which of the following?
Carbon Dioxide, Water, and ATP
Carbon Dioxide, ATP, and Nitrogen
Oxygen, Glucose, and ATP
Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide, and Water
Which molecule is not a direct output of the Krebs cycle?
ATP
NADH
FADH2
Glucose
What is produced along with lactic acid during anaerobic respiration in animal cells?
CO2 and H2O
NAD+ and FADH2
NADH and 2 ATP
O2 and Glucose
During lactic acid fermentation in animal cells, how many ATP molecules are retained from the glycolysis process?
4 ATP
2 ATP
6 ATP
8 ATP
What happens to lactic acid after it is produced in muscle cells?
It is excreted as waste
It is converted back to pyruvic acid in the liver
It forms glucose directly
It breaks down into CO2 and water
Which of the following is NOT a product of anaerobic respiration in animal cells?
Lactic acid
NADH
ATP
CO2
What rule did Chargaff create that relates to the composition of DNA?
Chargaff's rule states that the amount of A equals the amount of T, and the amount of C equals the amount of G.
Chargaff's rule states that the amount of A equals the amount of C, and the amount of T equals the amount of G.
Chargaff's rule states that the amount of A, T, C, and G each make up 25% of the DNA.
Chargaff's rule states that the amount of A and T combined is less than the amount of C and G combined.
Which scientists used X-ray crystallography data to help determine the structure of DNA?
Watson and Crick
Franklin and Wilkins
Chargaff and Franklin
Watson and Chargaff
Who were awarded the Nobel Prize for determining the structure of DNA?
Franklin and Wilkins
Watson and Crick
Chargaff and Wilkins
Watson and Franklin
What components make up a nucleotide as shown in the diagram?
What type of chemical bond is primarily responsible for the structure of the DNA molecule shown in the diagram?
Ionic bond
Covalent bond
Hydrogen bond
Metallic bond
Which components form the backbone of the DNA structure as depicted in the diagram?
Nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups
Phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugars
Deoxyribose sugars and nitrogenous bases
Hydrogen bonds and phosphate groups
According to the diagram, what are the two types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
Purines and pyrimidines
Amino acids and peptides
Ribose and deoxyribose
Glycerol and fatty acids
What is the significance of the 5' and 3' labels in the DNA structure diagram?
They indicate the direction of DNA replication.
They represent the types of covalent bonds.
They distinguish between different DNA molecules.
They show the location of genetic mutations.
