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Keystone Bio

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 2hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

One strand of DNA contains the base sequence ACGGTATCG. What base sequence does the complementary strand contain?

a)

CTAAGCGTA

b)

ACGGTATCG

c)

TGCCATAGC

d)

GCTATGGCA

2.

A DNA molecule is a long polymer chain made of

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Fatty Acids

d)

Glucose

3.

What monomer is pictured?

a)

Fatty acid

b)

Amino acid

c)

Glucose

d)

Nucleotide

4.

A region of DNA that codes for a protein

a)

Chromosome

b)

Gene

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Codon

5.

Process in which genetic information from DNA is copied to mRNA

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Cell Cycle

d)

Cytokinesis

6.

Which of the following is a difference between DNA & RNA?

a)

Made of nucleotides

b)

A polymer of nucleic acid

c)

Made of a sugar, a nitrogen base, & a phosphate group

d)

Made of one strand of nucleotides

7.

The process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA sequences

a)

Transciption

b)

Translation

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Meiosis

8.

Small structures made of rRNA and protein found in all cells. Site of protein synthesis.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Golgi Body

c)

Ribosome

d)

Vesicle

9.

A protein contains the following sequence of amino acids; leucine, serine, leucine, valine. What DNA sequence was used as a template for the mRNA coding for this sequence of amino acids?

a)

GTA-AAG-GAT-ACA

b)

GAT-AGA-GAT-CAA

c)

GAU-AGA-GAU-CAA

d)

CUA-UCU-CUA-GUU

10.

A protein consists of one or more long chains of ________

a)

Fatty acids

b)

Amino acids

c)

Glucoses

d)

Nucleotides

11.

In prokaryotic cells, transcription & translation both take place in the _______.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Cell Membrane

12.

Which organelle is not involved in the synthesis and secretion of a protein from the cell?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Smooth ER

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Plasma Membrane

13.

The fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane and the release of proteins from the cell is called ______

a)

Exocytosis

b)

Endocyctosis

c)

Diffusion

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

14.

Which pair consists of terms that represent equivalent units of information?

a)

codon : DNA

b)

gene : polypeptide

c)

chromosome : protein

d)

nucleotide : amino acid

15.

Suppose all of the ribosomes in cell were destroyed. How would this most likely affect the process of gene expression?

a)

The DNA double strand would be unable to separate

b)

The cell would be unable to form mRNA strands

c)

The amino acids could not join to form a protein

d)

The tRNA molecules would bind to the wrong amino acids

16.

A gene specifies a protein that is to be secreted by the cell. Which sequence traces the path of the protein through the cell?

a)

Golgi apparatus - vesicle - rough ER - vesicle

b)

rough ER - vesicle - Golgi apparatus - vesicle

c)

smooth ER - rough ER - vesicle - Golgi apparatus

d)

unbound ribosome - rough ER - vesicle - Golgi apparatus

17.

Distinct changes a cell goes during its life

a)

Cell Cycle

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Transcription

d)

Mitosis

18.

The part of the Cell Cycle where the cell is growing, replicating its DNA and organelles.

a)

Interphase

b)

Mitosis

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Translation

19.

DNA making a copy of itself is called ______

a)

Transcription

b)

Replication

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Mitosis

20.

Identify the which part of the cell cycle is in the picture.

a)

Cytokinesis

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Prophase

21.

The division of the parent cell into two new daughter cells.

a)

Prophase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Interphase

d)

Telophase

22.

Which statement best describes the stage of mitosis shown in the illustration?

a)

The cell is in telophase because the chromosomes are unpaired

b)

The cell is in anaphase because the chromosomes have replicated

c)

The cell is in prophase because the chromosomes have condensed

d)

The cell is in metaphase because the chromosomes are aligned in the center

23.

Which is one difference between a parent cell and a daughter cell that results from mitosis?

a)

The daughter cell has sister chromatids, while the parent cell does not

b)

The daughter cell has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

c)

The daughter cell has paired chromosomes, while the parent cell does not

d)

The daughter cell has half the amount of genetic material as the parent cell

24.

Which sentence lists events in the cell cycle in correct order, from earlier to later?

a)

The chromosomes replicate; the nuclear membrane dissolves

b)

The sister chromatids are separated; the chromosomes condense

c)

The nuclear membrane reforms; the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell

d)

The chromosomes become longer & thinner; spindle fibers attach to the centromeres

25.

Which diagram comes first in mitosis?

a)

b)

c)

d)

26.

A carp, a type of fish, has 52 homologous pairs of chromosomes in its brain cells. How many chromosomes are contained in one of its gametes?

a)

13

b)

26

c)

52

d)

104

27.

A version or "variation" of a gene

a)

Chromosome

b)

Allele

c)

DNA

d)

Nucleotide

28.

Type of cell division that produces gametes, or cells used in sexual reproduction

a)

Mitosis

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Meiosis

d)

Interphase

29.

A cell in the process of cell division contains the normal chromosome number. Each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids. During which stages and processes can such a cell exist?

a)

Telophase of mitosis, but no stage of meiosis

b)

Metaphase of mitosis but no stage of meiosis

c)

Anaphase 1 of meiosis and anaphase of mitosis

d)

Prophase 1 of meiosis and Prophase of mitosis

30.

In fruit flies, the allele for normal-sized wings (W) is dominant to the allele for small wings (w). A fly that has normal wings breeds with a fly that has small wings. Several offspring have small wings, and others have normal wings. Identify the genotype of each of the parent flies

a)

ww, WW

b)

WW, Ww

c)

ww, Ww

d)

WW, WW

31.

The gene for seed shape in pea plants has two alleles, resulting in either smooth or wrinkled peas. A pea plant with one smooth allele and one wrinkled allele produces only smooth peas. Based on this information, which conclusion can be drawn?

a)

Both alleles are co-dominant

b)

One allele is incompletely dominant

c)

The allele for smooth seeds is recessive

d)

The allele for wrinkled seeds is recessive

32.

Which of the following describes the parent's phenotypes?

a)

The father has type O blood, and the mother has type B blood

b)

The father has type B blood, and the mother has type A blood

c)

The father has type O blood, and the mother has type A blood

d)

The father has type B blood, and the mother has type AB blood

33.

Which of the following correctly predicts their child's chance of inheriting a blood type?

a)

The child has a 0% chance of inheriting the B blood type

b)

The child has a 25% chance of inheriting the A blood type

c)

The child has a 50% chance of inheriting the O blood type

d)

The child has a 75% chance of inheriting the AB blood type

34.

Fruit flies normally have red eyes. A recessive allele causes some fruit flies to have purple eyes. Which statement describes the purple-eyed offspring of a red-eyed parent and a purple-eyed parent?

a)

The offspring has two recessive alleles located on the same chromosome

b)

The offspring has two chromosomes with a recessive allele present on each

c)

The offspring has one dominant and one recessive allele located on the same chromosome

d)

The offspring has one chromosome with a dominant allele and one chromosome with a recessive allele

35.

A mutation causes 6 nucleotides to be inserted at one location into the DNA that encodes a protein. How may the resulting protein be affected?

a)

It may gain two amino acids or it may lose two amino acids

b)

It will have different amino acids starting at the mutation site

c)

It may gain two amino acids or it may be shortened at the mutation site

d)

It will have two different amino acids but the same number of total amino acids

36.

Which types of chromosome mutations are likely to have more severe effects on the health of the individual?

a)

Deletion & Duplication

b)

Inversion & Translocation

c)

Inversion & Deletion

d)

Duplication & Translocation

37.

A full karyotype is an image of all the chromosomes present in a cell, while a partial karyotype shows only some of the chromosomes. The partial karyotype shown above is from an infant born with a rare disorder. Only chromosomes 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, and 18 are shown. Which event caused the disorder?

a)

nondisjunction

b)

chromosome duplication

c)

separation of sister chromatids

d)

segregation of homologous chromosomes

38.

Which is most likely an example of a genetically modified organism?

a)

A blue violet that is grafted to an African violet

b)

A hybrid dog crossbred from a pug and a beagle

c)

A bacterium that contains DNA from another bacterium

d)

A microorganism that develops resistance to an antibiotic

39.

Gene therapy changes the DNA of a person with a genetic disease by introducing working genes into a cell nucleus. Which disorder would be the best target for gene therapy?

a)

Type II diabetes, which is influenced by diet & genetics

b)

High Blood pressure, which is influenced by multiple genes

c)

Hemophilia, which is caused by a gene on the X chromosome

d)

Lyme disease, which is caused by bacteria transmitted by ticks

40.

Examine the electrophoresis gel image. The victim of this crime wounded the suspect, whose blood stained the victim's clothing. Which suspect is the source of the DNA?

a)

Jenny

b)

Bob

c)

Mike

d)

Lisa

41.

A scientist uses enzymes to splice genetic DNA into a plasmid (a naturally occurring piece of circular DNA that is exchanged between bacterial cells). Then inserts the plasmid into a cell. Which of the following is most likely an application of this process?

a)

Producing an exact genetic clone of a prized racehorse

b)

Producing a vaccine against the human papillomavirus

c)

Determining which of several rice varieties should be crossed

d)

Determining whether a suspect's blood was present at a crime scene

42.

A permanent change in genetic material that may be passed from parents to offspring

a)

Mutation

b)

Meiosis

c)

Nondisjunction

d)

Chromosome

43.

What is the most likely pattern of inheritance for the trait indicated by the darker blue shaded figures?

a)

Simple recessive

b)

Simple dominant

c)

X-linked recessive

d)

X-linked dominant

44.

A child has type O blood. If the child's mother has type A blood, what are all the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the father?

a)

oo only

b)

oo and Ao

c)

oo, Ao, Bo

d)

oo, Ao, AA, Bo

45.

A man with hemophilia and a woman who has no history of the disease in her family plan to have a child. What best describes the outcome of their children?

a)

Any male child will have hemophilia, any daughter would be normal

b)

Any male child will have hemophilia, any daughter would be a carrier

c)

Any male child will be normal, any daughter would be normal

d)

Any male child will be normal, any daughter would be a carrier

46.

Which of the followings is not an example of a Non-Mendelian trait?

a)

Incomplete dominance - heterozygous is a blend of the dominant & recessive alleles

b)

Co-dominance - both alleles express as dominant

c)

Multiple Alleles - more than 2 alleles for a gene

d)

Heterozygous - one dominant & one recessive allele

47.

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes

a)

Nondisjunction

b)

Crossing-over

c)

Meiosis

d)

Cytokinesis

48.

Which of the following does not describe meiosis?

a)

New cells have half the number of chromosomes

b)

Makes somatic cells

c)

Goes through PMAT twice

d)

New cells are are genetically different than the parent cell

49.

The physical appearance of a trait

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Heterozygous

d)

Homozygous

50.

People choosing organisms with desirable traits to reproduce, making the alleles for these traits more common.

a)

Zookgineering

b)

Genetic Engineering

c)

Gel Electrophoresis

d)

Selective breeding

51.

Which characteristic is shared by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

a)

have organ systems

b)

make their own food

c)

contain genetic material

d)

need oxygen gas to breathe

52.

Which action must occur for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction?

a)

a competitive inhibitor must first bind to an active site

b)

a substrate must bind to an active site of the enzyme

c)

a substrate must bind to an allosteric site of the enzyme

d)

a noncompetitve inhibitor must first bind to an active site

53.

Carbon can combine with many different elements but frequently combines with oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen to form organic molecules. Which statement best explains why carbon is able to form a large number of different molecules?

a)

carbon forms only ionic bonds

b)

carbon can form only ring structures

c)

carbon can form four covalent bonds

d)

carbon forms small, simple structures

54.

Which statement correctly describes how a protein is formed?

a)

a monosaccharide bonded to a side chain is broken apart

b)

amino acids are bonded together in a long chain to form a new molecule

c)

a molecule containing glycerol bonded to three fatty acids is broken apart

d)

a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group combine to form a new molecule

55.

Which cell process is best modeled by the diagram?

a)

osmosis

b)

exocytosis

c)

passive transport

d)

facilitated diffusion

56.

A scientist observed that during the course of a chemical reaction the number of ATP molecules was reduced. What did the scientist most likely learn from the observation?

a)

the reaction produced water

b)

the reaction consumed water

c)

the reaction caused an output of energy

d)

the reaction required an input of energy

57.

Which structure and function are common to all plants and some protists and distinguish them from all animals?

a)

chloroplasts that conduct photosynthesis

b)

mitochondria that conduct photosynthesis

c)

chloroplasts that conduct cellular respiration

d)

mitochondria that conduct cellular respiration

58.

Which process uses the products of photosynthesis as reactants?

a)

active transport

b)

cellular respiration

c)

DNA replication

d)

protein synthesis

59.
Which of the following is an abiotic factor?
a)
human
b)
bird
c)
grass
d)
rock
60.
What number indicates the nucleus?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
61.
What type of bond forms when 2 or more electrons are SHARED?
a)
Covalent bond
b)
Incomplete bond
c)
Ionic bond
d)
Metallic bond
62.

Hydrogen bonds are VERY important in determining the many properties of this very important molecule

a)

Water

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen Gas

63.

Which of the following its the correct order of the biological hierarchy from simple to complex?

a)

Atom --> Macromolecules --> Organelle --> Cell

b)

Cell --> Organelle --> Macromolecule --> Atom

c)

Atom --> Macromolecule --> Cell --> Organelle

d)

Macromolecule --> Organelle --> Atom --> Cell

64.
The following figure is illustrating
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
65.
The following figure is illustrating
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
66.

Which of the following is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

a)

Triglyceride

b)

Fatty acid

c)

Monosaccharide

d)

Polysaccharide

67.

Which of the following is the monomer of a lipid?

a)

Polysaccharide

b)

Monosaccharide

c)

Fatty acid

d)

Triglyceride

68.
Which of the following contains the genetic code for protein synthesis?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
69.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
70.

Enzymes belong to which class of macromolecules?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

71.
Which biomolecule includes sugars and starches? (Hint: simple or complex)
a)
Lipids
b)
Proteins
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Nucleic Acids
72.
Look at the cell membrane model below: What is the name of the macromolecule that makes up the majority of the cell membrane?
a)
nucleotide
b)
lipid
c)
carbohydrate
d)
protein
73.
The area that the substrate fits into on the enzyme is called the:
a)
Active Site
b)
Allosteric Site
c)
DiSulphide Bridge
d)
β-Pleated Sheet
74.
At high temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:
a)
Denaturation
b)
Decreased Kinetic Motion
c)
Increased H-Bonding
d)
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
75.
The molecule an enzyme is working on is called the:
a)
Substrate
b)
Solvent
c)
Allosteric Inhibitor
d)
CoEnzyme

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