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Ecology (Review Quiz)

Total questions: 116

Worksheet time: 2hrs 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which is the best description of an ecosystem?

a)

all of the living and nonliving things in an environment

b)

all of the individuals of one species in an area

c)

all of the populations of living things in an area

d)

all of the abiotic factors in an area

2.

Which of the following is an organism?

a)

a herd of sheep

b)

a wolf

c)

a drop of water

d)

a heart

3.

What are the ecological levels of organization from smallest to the largest?

a)

organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

b)

organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

c)

organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere.

d)

organism, community, population, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere

4.

Antonio and Javier are astronauts in space looking back at Earth and discussing how all the life on Earth interacts with each other as well as the nonliving things. What level of organization are they discussing?

a)

A community

b)

A biome

c)

An ecosystem

d)

A biosphere

5.

Jacob is going out to his grandparents fram.  On the farm is a stream that he likes to fish at. When he is fishing he sees many differernt speacies of fish as well as maple and oak trees and dragonflies.  What Jacob is seeing is an example of what level of organization?

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

6.

The largest level of ecological classification 

a)

ecosystem

b)

biome

c)

population

d)

biosphere

7.

The study of organisms and how they interact with one another and their environment is best described as

a)

Biology

b)

Ecology

c)

Zoology

d)

Botany

8.

What is the lowest level of ecological hierarchy?

a)

Ecosystem level

b)

Individual organism

c)

Population level

d)

Community level

9.

Give an example of a population in an ecological hierarchy.

a)

A population of fish in a desert ecosystem.

b)

Example: A population of deer in a forest ecosystem.

c)

A population of birds in a marine ecosystem.

d)

A population of insects in a tundra ecosystem.

10.

What do the polar bears, reindeer, and shrubs that live in a single area make up?

a)

organism

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

11.

When a scientist is conducting research about all the plants and wildlife in the Mojave Desert as well as the desert’s resources, such as water and soil, the scientist is studying

a)

a community

b)

a population

c)

a species

d)

an ecosystem

12.

The group of polar bears that live along the eastern coast of Russia makes up:

a)

an organism

b)

a community

c)

an ecosystem

d)

a population

13.

Which describes a group of organisms that is considered a species?

a)

They can breed and produce offspring that can breed.

b)

They are members of the same community.

c)

They live in the same ecosystem, community, and biome.

d)

They have similar physical characteristics

14.

The main way nitrogen is removed from the atmosphere and changed into a form plants can use is

a)

Nitrogen Fixation

b)

Nitrification

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

15.

Biogeochemical Cycles are important because

a)

matter in an ecosystem is finite and must be recycled

b)

living things need Nitrogen, Carbon, and Phosphorus to make the building blocks of cells

c)

they aren't important and it is a waste of time learning about them

d)

If matter didn't cycle, organisms would eventually run out of materials to build new cells

16.

Identify the cycle pictured.

a)

The Water cycle

b)

The Carbon cycle

c)

The Nitrogen cycle

d)

The Phosphorus cycle.

17.

Identify the cycle pictured.

a)

The Water cycle

b)

The Carbon cycle

c)

The Nitrogen cycle

d)

The Phosphorus cycle.

18.

Identify the cycle pictured.

a)

The Water cycle

b)

The Carbon cycle

c)

The Nitrogen cycle

d)

The Phosphorus cycle.

19.

Identify the cycle pictured.

a)

The Water cycle

b)

The Carbon cycle

c)

The Nitrogen cycle

d)

The Phosphorus cycle

20.

Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...

a)

bacteria

b)

plants

c)

animals

d)

producers

21.

Which cycle are fossil fuels (oil, coal, natural gas) part of?

a)

carbon

b)

water

c)

nitrogen

d)

phosphorus

22.

Photosynthesis is an important part of the ______ cycle

a)

Carbon

b)

Water

c)

Phosphorus

d)

Nitrogen

23.

Organisms use nitrogen to form

a)

carbohydrates and lipids

b)

proteins and lipids

c)

lipids and nucleic acids

d)

proteins and nucleic acids

24.

What is the process of water droplets or ice crystals falling from the sky?

a)

evaporating

b)

condensing

c)

precipitating

d)

runoff

25.

What are all living things made of?

a)

Phosphorus 

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon

d)

Nitrogen

26.

The burning of fossil fuels is known as...

a)

Decomposition

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Combustion

d)

Respiration

27.

Which of the following is an example of a fossil fuel?

a)

Coal

b)

Solar Energy

c)

Hydroelectric Power

d)

Nuclear Power

28.

Animals inhale oxygen and exhale....

a)

CH4CH_4  

b)

CO2CO_2  

c)

NH3NH_3  

d)

N2ON_2O  

29.

Gases that insulate the atmosphere and keep heat inside are known as

a)

Tollhouse gases

b)

Greenhouse gases

c)

Man-made gases

d)

Fossil gases

30.

Soil bacteria can take N2N_2  gas and break apart its triple covalent bond. This is called...

a)

Ammonification

b)

Nitrification

c)

Nitrogen fixation

d)

Denitrification

31.

Aside from bacteria, another way that nitrogen gas can become "fixed" is through

a)

Thunder

b)

Magic

c)

Lightning

d)

Gravity

32.

Based on the trends of the carrying capacity graph, what is the predicted (estimated) population of organisms, in millions, in 1950?

a)

2.0 million

b)

1.75 million

c)

1.25 million

d)

1.5 million

33.

The data in the graph most strongly support which explanation about the predator-prey relationship of the model?

a)

An increasing predator population acts to increase the prey population.

b)

An increasing prey population acts to decrease the predator population.

c)

A decreasing prey population acts to limit the size of the predator population.

d)

Changes in predator and prey populations act independently, without acting

on one another.

34.

What do we call the variety of life in an ecosystem?

a)

Producer

b)

Biology

c)

Biodiversity

d)

Keystone Species

35.

Describe how human's negatively impact the water cycle (short answer- need detail)

a)

Pollution

b)

Deforestation

c)

Building on and paving areas

d)

All of the above

36.

What is the main thing that carries out Nitrogen Fixation?

a)

Lightning

b)

Bacteria

c)

Plants

d)

Humans

37.

Which of the gases below contributes most to the greenhouse effect?

a)

NO2

b)

CFCs

c)

CO2

38.

The process where rocks are broken down over time by wind and water, releasing phosphorus.

a)

combustion

b)

corrosion

c)

deposition

d)

erosion

39.

Check all of the boxes that show examples of biotic factors.

a)

Rain

b)

Humans hunting

c)

Predators

d)

Wildfire

40.

What is a limiting factor?

a)

Factors that always increase a population

b)

Factors that always decrease a population

c)

Resources that are unlimited

d)

Factors/resources that limit how many organisms can live in an area at the same time

41.

What happens if a population goes over its carrying capacity?

a)

It will continue to grow

b)

It will eventually decrease due to a lack of resources

c)

It will die immediately

d)

It will get unlimited resources

42.

Coyotes cross the winter pack ice and enter Newfoundland. The moose population starts to decline.

a)

Density-Dependent: Competition

b)

Density-Independent: Competition

c)

Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey

d)

Density-Independent: Predator-Prey

43.

A lion and a cheetah attempt to occupy the same niche. The more aggressive lion survives; the cheetah does not.

a)

Density-Dependent: Competition

b)

Density-Independent: Competition

c)

Density-Dependent: Predator-Prey

d)

Density-Independent: Predator-Prey

44.

An environmental factor such as storms and extreme heat or cold that decrease a population are considered to be. 

a)

density- dependent factor

b)

population density

c)

dispersion

d)

density- independent factor

45.

Limiting factors which impact the size of a population no matter how large that population is.

a)

Density Independent Limiting Factors

b)

Density Dependent Limiting Factors

c)

Carrying Capacity

d)

Exponential Growth

46.

Natural disasters can be considered limiting factors.

a)

true: density independent limiting factors

b)

false; natural disasters are not limiting factors

c)

true: density dependent limiting factors

d)

false: because Mrs. Schaffer said

47.

If the amount of food or resources available increases, the carrying capacity for an animal:

a)

Stays the same

b)

Increases

c)

Decreases

d)

Fluctuates

48.

The total number of individuals a habitat can survive with the resources it has available.

a)

Carrying capacity

b)

Limiting factors

c)

Resources

d)

Population

49.

The total number of individuals a habitat can survive with the resources it has available.

a)

Carrying capacity

b)

Limiting factors

c)

Resources

d)

Population

50.

What is the carrying capacity of the following graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

51.
What is the carrying capacity of the graph?
a)
around 500
b)
more than 500
c)
less than 500
d)
around 600
52.
When a specific population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?
a)
Density Independent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going farther above carrying capacity.
b)
Density Dependent limiting factors start to occur resulting in the population going back below carrying capacity.
c)
The population will go extinct due to lack of resources
d)
The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity
53.

Many fish die due to a change in the winds and the appearance of the El Nino ocean current off the coast of Peru and Chile.

a)

Density-Dependent

b)

Density-Independent

54.

Fish on a coral reef stake out their territory and chase away any younger fish that try to live there.

a)

Density-Dependent

b)

Density-Independent

55.

An extensive drought in the Serengeti Plain threatens wildebeest, giraffe, zebra, and springbok populations.

a)

Density-Dependent

b)

Density-Independent

56.

Travelers who visit a crowded African village become infected with a disease caused by parasites.

a)

Density-Dependent

b)

Density-Independent

57.

Describe what is happening in this chart

a)

The population of the species is growing exponentially (lots of birth and immigration)

b)

The population is species is growing but reaches carrying capacity

c)

The population of the species is shrinking

d)

There is not enough information to tell

58.

What does DENSITY DEPENDENT mean?

a)

The ecosystem dynamics is affected by the population

b)

The ecosystem dynamics is not affected by the population

59.

In 1944, 29 reindeer were introduced to St. Matthew Island off the coast of Alaska. With plenty of food the population grew exponentially to 6000 in 1963. There was a bad winter and most of the food resources died. In the spring of 1964, only 50 reindeer remained on the island. What do you believe would have happened to the reindeer herd if the winter had not made foraging so difficult?

a)

Reach carrying capacity

b)

Continue to grow exponentially

c)

Still have a population crash

d)

The reindeer population would disappear

60.

population grows without a limit

a)

Population Density

b)

Carrying Capacity

c)

Limiting Factor

d)

Exponential Growth

61.

population grows quickly, then levels off

a)

Exponential Growth

b)

Logistical Growth

c)

Immigration

d)

Emigration

62.
Over the past 200 years, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has
a)
decreased slightly.   
b)
increased until recently, and then decreased.
c)
increased steadily.   
d)
stayed about the same.
63.
The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is...
a)
using bottled water
b)
burning fossil fuels
c)
texting on cellphones
d)
eating meat
64.

How does the Earth keep itself warm?

a)

Sunlight keeps the Earth warm.

b)

There are heat lamps orbitting above the Earth's atmosphere.

c)

The greenhouse gases trap the warm air and send it back to the Earth's surface.

65.
Increased carbon dioxide may cause global warming by
a)
allowing more sunlight into the atmosphere.
b)
reflecting more sunlight from clouds.
c)
reducing the amount of oxygen in the air.   
d)
trapping more heat in the atmosphere.
66.

The graph shows us that

a)

the earth temperature is always increasing

b)

the earth's temperature has steadily increased since 1900

c)

the earth's temperature has steadily rising since the 1960s

d)

the earth's temperature decreased during the 19th and 20th centuries

67.

What is worsening many types of disasters due to higher temperatures?

a)

More severe weather

b)

Reduced floods

c)

Less frequent heat waves

d)

Decrease in storms

68.

What are some of the effects of global warming that scientists have already observed?

a)

Melting glaciers and ice sheets

b)

Less intense hurricanes

c)

Decrease in heat waves

d)

Increase in sea ice

69.
What is deforestation?
a)
Clearing Earth's forests on a massive scale
b)
Eating too much vegetables
c)
Going to a forest and pulling weeds
d)
Clearing the five trees in my backyard
70.
What are the effects of deforestation ?
a)
loss of habitat
b)
increased green house gasses 
c)
soil erosion and flooding
d)
all of the above
71.

After a landslide removes all the plants, but leaves the soil behind, what type of succession might occur?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Teritary

72.

What is a climax community? Select 2

a)

The final community in an ecosystem

b)

The first species to appear after a forest fire

c)

Moss and lichen

d)

Tall hardwood trees

73.

Which type of succession reaches the climax community faster?

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

74.

Which type of succession happens when a new island is formed by a volcano erupting?

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

75.

Several years after a building had been torn down and the ground cleared, grasses began to grow in that area. After 10 years, small bushes replaced the grasses. This pattern of plant growth is known as:

a)

Biological

control

b)

Cover cropping

c)

Ecological

succession

d)

Land-use

management

76.

Abandoned railroad tracks are overgrown with weeds. Ten years later there are small aspen trees growing in the middle of the tracks. This change is an example of:

a)

Primary succession

b)

Biological evolution

c)

Secondary succession

d)

Heterotrophic nutrition

77.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
78.
succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
79.
starts with bare rock followed by lichen
a)
primary succession 
b)
secondary succession
c)
both types of succession
80.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
81.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
82.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
83.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
84.

Non-native species whose introduction causes, or can cause harm in their new area

a)

Pioneer Species

b)

Invasive Species

c)

Keystone Species

d)

Foundation Species

85.

The first species to populate an area during succession.

a)

Keystone species

b)

Pioneer species

c)

Foundation species

d)

Invasive species

86.
What are examples of pioneer species in a primary succession?
a)
Bushes and Shrubs
b)
Oak trees
c)
Mossess and Lichens 
d)
A rose Bush
87.

After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Which of the following states the most likely order of succession that would be seen?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

88.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
89.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
90.

When one organism eats another organism.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

91.

When two organisms fight for the same resource

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

92.

When one organism benefits while the other organism is neither helped or hurt.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

93.

When both organisms benefits.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

94.

When one organism benefits while the other organism is hurt.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

95.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

96.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

97.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

98.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

99.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

100.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

101.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

102.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

103.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

104.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

105.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

106.

What is the relationship shown?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

d)

Parasitism

e)

Mutualism

107.

Mimicry means:

a)

A tree that has pink flowers in the spring

b)

When one living thing looks like a different kind of living thing

c)

A way an animal blends in with its environment

108.

Camouflage means:

a)

A special dessert

b)

When an animal looks like another animal

c)

A way an animal can look like its surroundings

109.

Which is NOT an example of camouflage:

a)

a tigers stripes blend in with long grass

b)

A solder's uniform helps him blend in to the background

c)

Sand wasps & yellow jackets are different insects but both have yellow & black stripes

110.

Which is NOT an example of mimicry:

a)

The fur of an arctic fox turns white in winter to match the snow

b)

An alligator snapping turtle's tonge looks like a worm, so he lures fish to his mouth

c)

A bad tasting butterfly & a good tasting butterfly look similar, so birds don't eat either kind

111.

Which picture is NOT an example of camouflage?

a)
b)
112.

Which picture is an example of mimicry?

a)
b)
113.

Which type of adaptation is show in the image?

a)

mimicry

b)

camouflage

114.
An animal that hunts other animals for food is called a ...?
a)
prey animal
b)
herbivore
c)
predator
d)
producer
115.
An animal's color or pattern that helps it blend into its surroundings
a)
Environment 
b)
Mimicry
c)
Camouflage
116.
A wasp beetle has the same body markings as a wasp.  this helps the wasp beetle because predators think it's a wasp.  This adaptation is called...?
a)
behavior
b)
countershading
c)
camouflage
d)
mimicry

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